Effects of waterlogging stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00081

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Although the influences of waterlogging disturbance on the physiology and growth characteristics of plants have been reported for many angiosperms, few studies were carried out in dioecious plants. Our objective was to explore the differences between the sexes of a dioecious species,Populus cathayana, in sex-related growth and physiological responses to waterlogging.
Methods One-year-old male and female P. cathayana seedlings were grown in plastic pots in Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China and were subjected to two water regimes: control (common soil water content) and waterlogging (water level 4 cm above soil surface) for 40 days of growth. We investigated sexual differences in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, antioxidant enzyme and morphological indices at the end of the experiment.
Important findings The waterlogging treatment significantly increased MDA content and number of stems with adventitious roots under water, as well as decreased net photosynthetic rate (P_n), chlorophyll content, super-oxide dismutase (SOD) activity, plant height, basal diameter, total leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA), root biomass, leaf biomass, stem biomass, total biomass and root/shoot ratio (R/S). Moreover, the waterlogging treatment significantly increased MDA content but decreased SOD activity, P_n, carotenoids (Caro) content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, SLA, root biomass and R/S in female plants, and males had higher stomatal conductance (G_s), intercellular CO₂concentration (C_i), transpiration rate (T_r), more adventitious roots and greater plant height than females. The results indicated that morphological growth and physiological progress of the P. cathayanaseedlings were seriously inhibited by the waterlogging treatment. Males may possess greater waterlogging resistance than females with higher photosynthetic capacity and number of adventitious roots maintaining plant growth under waterlogging stress.

Key words: dioecious, physiological characteristic, plant growth, Populus cathayana, waterlogging stress

YANG Peng, XU Xiao. Effects of waterlogging stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(1): 81-87.

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Figures/Tables 5

References 35

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组别 Group	性别 Sex	净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	气孔导度 Stomatal conductance (mol·m^-2·s^-1)	胞间CO₂浓度 Intercellular CO₂ concentration (μmol·mol^-1)	蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate (mmol·m^-2·s^-1)	瞬时水分利用效率 Instantaneous water use efficiency (μmol·mmol^-1)
对照 Control	雌性 Female	16.94 ± 0.20 ^a	0.21 ± 0.01 ^a	218.03 ± 8.67 ^b	1.13 ± 0.09 ^b	16.22 ± 1.15 ^b
对照 Control	雄性 Male	17.36 ± 0.35 ^a	0.16 ± 0.01 ^b	170.92 ± 7.65 ^c	0.91 ± 0.02 ^c	19.57 ± 0.54 ^a
处理 Treatment	雌性 Female	9.06 ± 0.23 ^c	0.07 ± 0.01 ^c	155.46 ± 16.97 ^c	0.51 ± 0.02 ^d	18.55 ± 1.12 ^ab
处理 Treatment	雄性 Male	13.35 ± 0.30 ^b	0.22 ± 0.02 ^a	256.56 ± 4.93 ^a	1.45 ± 0.11 ^a	9.25 ± 0.43 ^c
	p>F_S	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	0.015^*	<0.001^***	0.005^**
	p>F_T	<0.001^***	0.004^**	0.250	0.542	0.001^***
	p>F_S×T	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^**	<0.001^**

组别 Group	性别 Sex	净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	气孔导度 Stomatal conductance (mol·m^-2·s^-1)	胞间CO₂浓度 Intercellular CO₂ concentration (μmol·mol^-1)	蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate (mmol·m^-2·s^-1)	瞬时水分利用效率 Instantaneous water use efficiency (μmol·mmol^-1)
对照 Control	雌性 Female	16.94 ± 0.20 ^a	0.21 ± 0.01 ^a	218.03 ± 8.67 ^b	1.13 ± 0.09 ^b	16.22 ± 1.15 ^b
对照 Control	雄性 Male	17.36 ± 0.35 ^a	0.16 ± 0.01 ^b	170.92 ± 7.65 ^c	0.91 ± 0.02 ^c	19.57 ± 0.54 ^a
处理 Treatment	雌性 Female	9.06 ± 0.23 ^c	0.07 ± 0.01 ^c	155.46 ± 16.97 ^c	0.51 ± 0.02 ^d	18.55 ± 1.12 ^ab
处理 Treatment	雄性 Male	13.35 ± 0.30 ^b	0.22 ± 0.02 ^a	256.56 ± 4.93 ^a	1.45 ± 0.11 ^a	9.25 ± 0.43 ^c
	p>F_S	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	0.015^*	<0.001^***	0.005^**
	p>F_T	<0.001^***	0.004^**	0.250	0.542	0.001^***
	p>F_S×T	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^**	<0.001^**

组别 Group	性别 Sex	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·g^-1FW)	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·g^-1FW)	总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll (mg·g^-1FW)	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid (mg·g^-1FW)	叶绿素a/b Chlorophyll a/b
对照 Control	雌性 Female	0.93 ± 0.02 ^b	0.36 ± 0.01 ^b	1.30 ± 0.02 ^b	0.42 ± 0.01 ^ab	2.58 ± 0.01 ^b
对照 Control	雄性 Male	1.10 ± 0.06 ^a	0.41 ± 0.02 ^a	1.51 ± 0.07 ^a	0.46 ± 0.02 ^a	2.69 ± 0.04 ^ab
处理 Treatment	雌性 Female	0.55 ± 0.01 ^d	0.23 ± 0.01 ^d	0.78 ± 0.02 ^d	0.28 ± 0.01 ^c	2.37 ± 0.03 ^c
处理 Treatment	雄性 Male	0.83 ± 0.03 ^c	0.30 ± 0.01 ^c	1.13 ± 0.04 ^c	0.39 ± 0.01 ^b	2.77 ± 0.06 ^a
	p>F_S	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***
	p>F_T	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	0.130
	p>F_S×T	0.125	0.389	0.162	0.023*	0.002^**

组别 Group	性别 Sex	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·g^-1FW)	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·g^-1FW)	总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll (mg·g^-1FW)	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid (mg·g^-1FW)	叶绿素a/b Chlorophyll a/b
对照 Control	雌性 Female	0.93 ± 0.02 ^b	0.36 ± 0.01 ^b	1.30 ± 0.02 ^b	0.42 ± 0.01 ^ab	2.58 ± 0.01 ^b
对照 Control	雄性 Male	1.10 ± 0.06 ^a	0.41 ± 0.02 ^a	1.51 ± 0.07 ^a	0.46 ± 0.02 ^a	2.69 ± 0.04 ^ab
处理 Treatment	雌性 Female	0.55 ± 0.01 ^d	0.23 ± 0.01 ^d	0.78 ± 0.02 ^d	0.28 ± 0.01 ^c	2.37 ± 0.03 ^c
处理 Treatment	雄性 Male	0.83 ± 0.03 ^c	0.30 ± 0.01 ^c	1.13 ± 0.04 ^c	0.39 ± 0.01 ^b	2.77 ± 0.06 ^a
	p>F_S	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***
	p>F_T	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	0.130
	p>F_S×T	0.125	0.389	0.162	0.023*	0.002^**

组别 Group	性别 Sex	株高 Height (cm)	基径 Basal diameter (cm)	总叶面积 Total leaf area (cm²)	比叶面积 Specific leaf area (cm²·g^-1)	不定根数目 Number of adventitious root
对照 Control	雌性 Female	79.05 ± 2.71 ^b	5.25 ± 0.14 ^ab	792.46 ± 26.29 ^a	129.15 ± 3.03 ^a	0.00^b
对照 Control	雄性 Male	107.4 ± 2.40 ^a	5.57 ± 0.08 ^a	735.64 ± 44.68 ^a	114.30 ± 2.42 ^b	0.00^b
处理 Treatment	雌性 Female	58.61 ± 1.58 ^d	4.95 ± 0.11 ^b	452.90 ± 35.96 ^b	92.76 ± 1.79 ^c	1.00 ± 0.77 ^b
处理 Treatment	雄性 Male	67.50 ± 1.68 ^c	5.16 ± 0.14 ^b	375.81 ± 23.21 ^b	89.94 ± 1.39 ^c	8.20 ± 2.48 ^a
	p>F_S	0.001^**	0.249	0.064	0.001^**	0.014^*
	p>F_T	<0.001^***	0.032^*	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	0.003^**
	p>F_S×T	<0.001^***	0.655	0.767	0.015^*	0.014^**