Distribution pattern and environmental interpretation of plant species diversity in the mountainous region of Ili River Valley, Xinjiang, China

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.10.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Our major objective was to reveal the distribution pattern of plant species diversity in the mountainous region of Ili River Valley, Xinjiang, China and explore how environmental gradients influenced the pattern.

Methods Based on a survey of 94 sample plots in the study area, DCCA was performed to analyze the relationships between diversity indices and environmental gradients and GAM was employed to model the response curve of diversity indices to elevation.

Important findings We recorded 259 plant species, including 235 herbaceous species; the species of woody plants were very limited. Communities with complex vertical structure had higher values of diversity. The distribution pattern of species diversity on the northern slope was affected by elevation, slope aspect, slope gradient, total nitrogen, total potassium, soil water content, organic matter, etc., and that on the southern slope was mainly affected by slope gradient, elevation, available phosphorus, soil water content, etc. On the northern slope, Patrick index and Shannon-Wiener index had a bimodal pattern with elevation and Simpson index and Pielou index showed a partially unimodal pattern. On the southern slope all the distribution pattern of species diversity indices showed two peaks, though that of the Patrick index was not obvious. These patterns were formed by the synthetic action of a variety of environmental factors in which elevation played an important role.

Key words: distribution pattern, Ili River Valley, mountainous region, plant communities, species diversity

XU Yuan-Jie, CHEN Ya-Ning, LI Wei-Hong, FU Ai-Hong, MA Xiao-Dong, GUI Dong-Wei, CHEN Ya-Peng. Distribution pattern and environmental interpretation of plant species diversity in the mountainous region of Ili River Valley, Xinjiang, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(10): 1142-1154.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.10.003

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2010/V34/I10/1142

Figures/Tables 9

References 31

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群落编号 Community code	海拔 Elev (m)	坡度 Slop (°)	坡向 Expo	土壤含水量 SW (%)	有机质 SOM ( g·kg^-1)	植物群落类型 Plant community type
N1	2 092	0.45	0.35	38.23	82.53	白喉乌头+林地早熟禾+高山羊角芹 Aconitum leucostomum + Poa nemoralis + Aegopodium alpestre
N2	1 895	0.47	0.01	50.00	114.61	羊茅+白花车轴草+千叶蓍 Festuca ovina + Trifolium repens + Achillea millefolium
N3	1 848	0.19	0.49	19.84	68.99	草原薹草+阿尔泰百里香+草原糙苏 Carex liparocarpos + Thymus altaicus + Phlomis pratensis
N4	1 695	0.22	0.55	15.15	77.05	草原薹草+无芒雀麦+仰卧早熟禾 Carex liparocarpos + Bromus intermis + Poa supina
N5	1 560	0.21	0.22	17.45	83.57	草原糙苏+无芒雀麦+大叶橐吾 Phlomis pratensis + Bromus intermis + Ligularia macrophylla
N6	1 415	0.33	0.47	11.40	103.34	野杏+新疆野苹果―金丝桃叶绣线菊―播娘蒿+荠 Armeniaca vulgaris + Malus sieversii—Spiraea hypericifoli―Desurainia sophia + Capsella bursa-pastoria
N7	1 398	0.61	0.16	16.58	70.37	天山桦+黄果山楂―刚毛忍冬―鸭茅+灰绿藜 Betula tianschanica + Crataegus chlorocarps―Lonicera hispid―Dactylis glomerata + Chenopodium glaucum
N8	1 207	0.61	0.71	4.03	23.05	天山樱桃+金丝桃叶绣线菊―狗牙根+短柱薹草 Cerasus tianschanica + Spiraea hypericifoli―Cynodon dactylon + Carex turkestanica
N9	1 141	0.57	0.94	2.32	11.82	美丽木蓼+金丝桃叶绣线菊―金色狗尾草+芳香新塔花 Atraphaxia decipiens + Spiraea hypericifoli―Setaria glauca + Ziziphora clinopodioides
N10	1 128	0.39	0.19	3.89	20.50	芨芨草+雀麦+狗牙根 Achnatherum splendens + Bromus japonicus + Cynodon dactylon
S1	2 927	0.38	0.44	73.84	139.58	欧亚圆柏+小叶金露梅―细果薹草+线叶嵩草 Juniperus sabina + Pentaphylloides parvifolia―Carex stenocarpa + Kobresia capillifolium
S2	2 706	0.59	0.87	22.80	88.15	雪岭云杉―欧亚圆柏+小叶金露梅―黑花薹草+线叶嵩草 Picea schrenkiana―Juniperus sabina + Pentaphylloides parvifolia―Carex melanantha + Kobresia capillifolium
S3	2 616	0.53	0.17	53.49	77.60	雪岭云杉―欧亚圆柏+鬼见愁锦鸡儿―黑花薹草+线叶嵩草 Picea schrenkiana―Juniperus sabina + Caragana jubata―Carex melanantha + Kobresia capillifolium
S4	2 465	0.54	0.38	33.13	104.44	高山早熟禾+高山梯牧草+高山地榆 Poa alpina + Phleum alpinum + Sanguisorba alpina
S5	2 246	0.52	0.02	60.05	135.79	腺齿蔷薇―假梯牧草+高山岩黄芪+天山羽衣草 Rosa albertii―Phleum phleoides + Hedysarum alpinum + Alchemilla tianschanica
S6	2 180	0.55	0.55	33.12	111.64	金丝桃叶绣线菊+宽刺蔷薇―草原老鹳草+阿尔泰独尾草 Spiraea hypericifolia + Rosa platyacantha―Geranium pratense + Eremurus altaicus
S7	2 123	0.45	0.91	11.60	80.87	宽刺蔷薇+腺齿蔷薇―阿尔泰独尾草+莲座蓟 Rosa platyacantha + Rosa albertii―Eremurus altaicus + Cirsium esculentum
S8	1 865	0.43	0.47	9.95	88.82	腺齿蔷薇+宽刺蔷薇―草原薹草+芳香新塔花 Rosa albertii + Rosa platyacantha―Carex liparocarpos + Ziziphora clinopodioides
S9	1 840	0.48	0.07	21.80	122.58	金丝桃叶绣线菊+腺齿蔷薇―假梯牧草+千叶蓍 Spiraea hypericifolia + Rosa albertii―Phleum phleoides + Achillea millefolium
S10	1 627	0.24	0.28	19.30	102.01	短柱薹草+芨芨草+针茅 Carex turkestanica + Achnatherum splendens + Stipa capillata
S11	1 456	0.06	0.19	9.95	60.96	披碱草+短柱薹草+新疆绢蒿 Elymus dahuricus + Carex turkestanica + Seriphidium kaschgaricum

群落编号 Community code	海拔 Elev (m)	坡度 Slop (°)	坡向 Expo	土壤含水量 SW (%)	有机质 SOM ( g·kg^-1)	植物群落类型 Plant community type
N1	2 092	0.45	0.35	38.23	82.53	白喉乌头+林地早熟禾+高山羊角芹 Aconitum leucostomum + Poa nemoralis + Aegopodium alpestre
N2	1 895	0.47	0.01	50.00	114.61	羊茅+白花车轴草+千叶蓍 Festuca ovina + Trifolium repens + Achillea millefolium
N3	1 848	0.19	0.49	19.84	68.99	草原薹草+阿尔泰百里香+草原糙苏 Carex liparocarpos + Thymus altaicus + Phlomis pratensis
N4	1 695	0.22	0.55	15.15	77.05	草原薹草+无芒雀麦+仰卧早熟禾 Carex liparocarpos + Bromus intermis + Poa supina
N5	1 560	0.21	0.22	17.45	83.57	草原糙苏+无芒雀麦+大叶橐吾 Phlomis pratensis + Bromus intermis + Ligularia macrophylla
N6	1 415	0.33	0.47	11.40	103.34	野杏+新疆野苹果―金丝桃叶绣线菊―播娘蒿+荠 Armeniaca vulgaris + Malus sieversii—Spiraea hypericifoli―Desurainia sophia + Capsella bursa-pastoria
N7	1 398	0.61	0.16	16.58	70.37	天山桦+黄果山楂―刚毛忍冬―鸭茅+灰绿藜 Betula tianschanica + Crataegus chlorocarps―Lonicera hispid―Dactylis glomerata + Chenopodium glaucum
N8	1 207	0.61	0.71	4.03	23.05	天山樱桃+金丝桃叶绣线菊―狗牙根+短柱薹草 Cerasus tianschanica + Spiraea hypericifoli―Cynodon dactylon + Carex turkestanica
N9	1 141	0.57	0.94	2.32	11.82	美丽木蓼+金丝桃叶绣线菊―金色狗尾草+芳香新塔花 Atraphaxia decipiens + Spiraea hypericifoli―Setaria glauca + Ziziphora clinopodioides
N10	1 128	0.39	0.19	3.89	20.50	芨芨草+雀麦+狗牙根 Achnatherum splendens + Bromus japonicus + Cynodon dactylon
S1	2 927	0.38	0.44	73.84	139.58	欧亚圆柏+小叶金露梅―细果薹草+线叶嵩草 Juniperus sabina + Pentaphylloides parvifolia―Carex stenocarpa + Kobresia capillifolium
S2	2 706	0.59	0.87	22.80	88.15	雪岭云杉―欧亚圆柏+小叶金露梅―黑花薹草+线叶嵩草 Picea schrenkiana―Juniperus sabina + Pentaphylloides parvifolia―Carex melanantha + Kobresia capillifolium
S3	2 616	0.53	0.17	53.49	77.60	雪岭云杉―欧亚圆柏+鬼见愁锦鸡儿―黑花薹草+线叶嵩草 Picea schrenkiana―Juniperus sabina + Caragana jubata―Carex melanantha + Kobresia capillifolium
S4	2 465	0.54	0.38	33.13	104.44	高山早熟禾+高山梯牧草+高山地榆 Poa alpina + Phleum alpinum + Sanguisorba alpina
S5	2 246	0.52	0.02	60.05	135.79	腺齿蔷薇―假梯牧草+高山岩黄芪+天山羽衣草 Rosa albertii―Phleum phleoides + Hedysarum alpinum + Alchemilla tianschanica
S6	2 180	0.55	0.55	33.12	111.64	金丝桃叶绣线菊+宽刺蔷薇―草原老鹳草+阿尔泰独尾草 Spiraea hypericifolia + Rosa platyacantha―Geranium pratense + Eremurus altaicus
S7	2 123	0.45	0.91	11.60	80.87	宽刺蔷薇+腺齿蔷薇―阿尔泰独尾草+莲座蓟 Rosa platyacantha + Rosa albertii―Eremurus altaicus + Cirsium esculentum
S8	1 865	0.43	0.47	9.95	88.82	腺齿蔷薇+宽刺蔷薇―草原薹草+芳香新塔花 Rosa albertii + Rosa platyacantha―Carex liparocarpos + Ziziphora clinopodioides
S9	1 840	0.48	0.07	21.80	122.58	金丝桃叶绣线菊+腺齿蔷薇―假梯牧草+千叶蓍 Spiraea hypericifolia + Rosa albertii―Phleum phleoides + Achillea millefolium
S10	1 627	0.24	0.28	19.30	102.01	短柱薹草+芨芨草+针茅 Carex turkestanica + Achnatherum splendens + Stipa capillata
S11	1 456	0.06	0.19	9.95	60.96	披碱草+短柱薹草+新疆绢蒿 Elymus dahuricus + Carex turkestanica + Seriphidium kaschgaricum

	河谷北坡 The northern slope				河谷南坡 The southern slope
排序轴 Axe	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4
特征值 Eigenvalue	0.316	0.051	0.011	0.002	0.062	0.008	0.004	0.002
多样性与环境相关性 Diversity-environment correlations	0.915	0.603	0.427	0.384	0.710	0.514	0.538	0.413
多样性累积解释量 Cumulative variance of diversity (%)	44.3	51.4	53.0	53.3	30.6	34.6	36.8	37.7
多样性与环境关系累积解释量 Cumulative variance of diversity-environment correlation (%)	68.4	79.4	81.9	82.3	76.3	86.2	91.7	93.9

	河谷北坡 The northern slope				河谷南坡 The southern slope
排序轴 Axe	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4
特征值 Eigenvalue	0.316	0.051	0.011	0.002	0.062	0.008	0.004	0.002
多样性与环境相关性 Diversity-environment correlations	0.915	0.603	0.427	0.384	0.710	0.514	0.538	0.413
多样性累积解释量 Cumulative variance of diversity (%)	44.3	51.4	53.0	53.3	30.6	34.6	36.8	37.7
多样性与环境关系累积解释量 Cumulative variance of diversity-environment correlation (%)	68.4	79.4	81.9	82.3	76.3	86.2	91.7	93.9

	河谷北坡 The northern slope				河谷南坡 The southern slope
排序轴 Axe	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4
有效钾 AK	0.01	0.16	-0.01	-0.13	-0.18	0.20	0.10	-0.07
有效氮 AN	-0.27	-0.11	-0.02	0.02	-0.15	-0.11	-0.03	-0.03
有效磷 AP	-0.03	0.19	0.03	-0.03	-0.27^*	0.08	-0.14	-0.14
海拔 Elev	-0.75^**	-0.12	-0.04	0.06	0.11	-0.33^*	0.21	0.01
坡向 Expo	0.22	0.37^*	-0.01	-0.06	-0.2	-0.08	0.35^*	-0.12
pH	0.19	0.03	0.04	-0.27	-0.09	0.18	0.18	0.10
坡度 Slop	0.55^**	-0.24	-0.02	-0.04	-0.39^**	-0.32^*	-0.10	-0.07
有机质 SOM	-0.33^*	-0.07	-0.01	0.05	-0.23	-0.15	-0.03	0.13
含水量 SW	-0.36^*	-0.25	0.05	0.23	0.29^*	-0.30^*	0.02	-0.02
全钾 TK	0.56^**	0.07	0.02	-0.02	-0.20	0.07	0.03	0.09
全氮 TN	-0.46^**	-0.06	0.02	0.08	-0.02	-0.06	0.06	0.28^*
全磷 TP	-0.24	-0.03	0.02	0.04	-0.05	-0.24	-0.05	0.21
总盐 TS	-0.14	-0.04	0.16	-0.21	-0.20	-0.11	0.13	-0.13