Effects of soil C:N on growth and distribution of nitrogen and carbon of Malus hupehensis seedlings

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00097

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Soil C:N is a sensitive indicator of soil quality and an indicator for assessing carbon and nitrogen nutrition balance of soils. Our objective was to explore the effects of soil C:N on growth and distribution of nitrogen and carbon of Malus hupehensis seedlings.
Methods Using the track technology of C and N double mark, we investigated growth parameters (height, stem diameter and dry matter of different organs), ¹⁵N parameters (absorption, N derived from fertilizer, distribution and utilization) and ¹³C parameters (distribution in different organs) of two-year old M. hupehensis seedlings under six different soil C:N treatments (T1-T6 were 4.70, 9.78, 14.70, 19.96, 25.60 and 28.83, respectively).
Important findings With increase of soil C:N, dry matter of roots increased significantly, while the height, stem diameter and dry matter of above ground parts and total plant increased at first and then decreased. The highest value appeared in the T4 treatment. There were significant differences in ¹⁵N utilization efficiency among the six different treatments. ¹⁵N utilization efficiency increased from T1 to T4, and the rate of T4 (18.46%) was 1.73 times than that of T1. But, the ¹⁵N utilization efficiency decreased with a further increase of soil C:N, as the rate of T5 and T6 reduced that of T4 by 1.59% and 2.58%, respectively. In the two lower soil C:N treatments (T1 and T2), the order of Ndff value ( ¹⁵N derived from fertilizer) in the organs was roots > leaves > stems. With increase of soil C:N, Ndff value in leaves was the highest, followed by roots and stems. ¹⁵N distribution ratio in leaves increased, while ¹³C distribution decreased with increase of soil C:N, but the changes were the opposite in roots. Considering plant growth and utilization of nitrogen, the suitable soil C:N was 21-23 under these experimental conditions.

Key words: ¹³C, ¹⁵N, distribution, growth, Malus hupehensis, soil C:N, utilization

GE Shun-Feng,XU Hai-Gang,JI Meng-Meng,JIANG Yuan-Mao. Effects of soil C:N on growth and distribution of nitrogen and carbon of Malus hupehensis seedlings[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2013, 37(10): 942-948.

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Figures/Tables 5

References 34

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处理 Treatment	土壤碳氮比 Soil C:N	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolysable N (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)	pH
T1	4.70	4.89	1.01	86.60	58.55	166.30	5.65
T2	9.78	10.46	1.05	99.95	56.92	158.54	5.69
T3	14.70	15.43	1.04	95.73	58.27	169.42	5.59
T4	19.96	20.36	1.07	98.52	64.26	182.05	5.60
T5	25.60	25.09	1.03	92.89	62.76	171.42	5.64
T6	28.83	29.98	1.04	100.34	71.51	184.67	5.63

处理 Treatment	土壤碳氮比 Soil C:N	有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)	碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolysable N (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)	pH
T1	4.70	4.89	1.01	86.60	58.55	166.30	5.65
T2	9.78	10.46	1.05	99.95	56.92	158.54	5.69
T3	14.70	15.43	1.04	95.73	58.27	169.42	5.59
T4	19.96	20.36	1.07	98.52	64.26	182.05	5.60
T5	25.60	25.09	1.03	92.89	62.76	171.42	5.64
T6	28.83	29.98	1.04	100.34	71.51	184.67	5.63

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (mm)	根干重 Roots dry weight (g)	地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight (g)	总干重 Total dry weight (g)	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
T1	43.82^c	5.52^c	17.78^d	15.32^d	33.10^d	1.16^a
T2	62.51^b	6.46^b	23.67^c	24.41^c	48.08^c	0.97^ab
T3	74.56^a	7.52^a	29.86^b	34.99^ab	64.85^b	0.85^b
T4	79.43^a	7.83^a	32.64^ab	37.57^a	70.21^a	0.87^b
T5	77.92^a	7.66^a	34.72^a	34.45^ab	69.17^ab	1.01^a
T6	74.94^a	7.57^a	35.09^a	32.62^b	67.71^ab	1.08^a

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem diameter (mm)	根干重 Roots dry weight (g)	地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight (g)	总干重 Total dry weight (g)	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
T1	43.82^c	5.52^c	17.78^d	15.32^d	33.10^d	1.16^a
T2	62.51^b	6.46^b	23.67^c	24.41^c	48.08^c	0.97^ab
T3	74.56^a	7.52^a	29.86^b	34.99^ab	64.85^b	0.85^b
T4	79.43^a	7.83^a	32.64^ab	37.57^a	70.21^a	0.87^b
T5	77.92^a	7.66^a	34.72^a	34.45^ab	69.17^ab	1.01^a
T6	74.94^a	7.57^a	35.09^a	32.62^b	67.71^ab	1.08^a

处理 Treatment	¹⁵N利用率 ¹⁵N utilization efficiency (%)	Ndff (%)			¹⁵N分配率 ¹⁵N distribution ratio (%)
处理 Treatment	¹⁵N利用率 ¹⁵N utilization efficiency (%)	叶 Leaf	茎 Stem	根 Root	叶 Leaf	茎 Stem	根 Root
T1	10.65^e	6.69^a	4.39^a	7.12^a	41.93^d	10.53^a	47.54^a
T2	13.64^d	5.73^b	3.68^e	6.47^b	47.71^c	11.87^a	40.42^b
T3	15.78^bc	5.21^c	3.48^d	5.02^c	53.85^b	10.39^a	35.76^c
T4	18.46^a	5.09^c	3.82^c	4.31^e	63.36^a	9.89^a	26.75^d
T5	16.87^ab	5.15^c	4.01^b	4.72^d	62.90^a	10.67^a	26.43^d
T6	15.88^bc	5.94^b	3.68^e	4.74^d	63.81^a	10.21^a	25.98^d