Uptake kinetics of nitrogen and phosphorus by Zostera marina

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2019.0335

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Nutrient availability is an external factor that affect the growth of seagrasses. However, the demand for and absorption of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus by different tissues of seagrasses are unclear. In this study, the uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by Zostera marina was studied to determine the nutrient uptake kinetics. The objectives of this research are to: 1) investigate the absorption characteristics of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus in Z. marina; 2) evaluate the differences in absorption between the different forms of nitrogen; and 3) analyse the differences in absorption between the different tissues of Z. marina.
Methods Equipment was used to separate the aboveground and belowground tissues of Z. marina. Six concentration levels of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus were established to experimentally test the uptake kinetics of nutrients by Z. marina. The nutrient concentrations in different parts of seawater column were measured to determine the nutrient changes and calculate the kinetic characteristics of nutrient uptake.
Important findings 1) The absorption of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus by Z. marina was consistent with the characteristics of saturated absorption kinetics. The relationship between the absorption rate and the nutrient concentrations in water could be described by the Michaelis-Menten equation. 2) The maximum absorption rate (V_max) of ammonia nitrogen by Z. marina (52 μmol·g^-1·h^-1) was significantly higher than that of nitrate nitrogen (39 μmol·g^-1·h^-1). 3) Both aboveground and belowground tissues of Z. marina could absorb nutrient, but the V_maxof leaves (aboveground tissues) for ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus absorption were 43.1, 30.5 and 15.6 μmol·g^-1·h^-1, respectively, which were 2.6-fold, 1.2-fold and 6-fold higher than the corresponding V_maxof belowground tissues. The results show that the absorption capacity of Z. marina for ammonia nitrogen is higher than that for nitrate nitrogen, and the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus may depend primarily on the aboveground tissues (leaves). The results provide a theoretical basis for the study of the mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and utilization by Z. marina and the evaluation of marine ecological impacts.

Key words: nitrogen, phosphorus, absorption rate, Michaelis-Menten, Zostera marina

LI Shi-Qi, ZHANG Yan-Hao, LI Zheng, ZHANG Pei-Dong. Uptake kinetics of nitrogen and phosphorus by Zostera marina[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2020, 44(7): 772-781.

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Figures/Tables 8

References 75

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分隔装置 Separation apparatus	未分隔组 No-separating group	分隔且地上组织添加组 Separation group with N, P addition in the leaf compartment	分隔且地下组织添加组 Separation group with N, P addition in the root- rhizome compartment
玻璃水槽 Glass aquarium	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration	天然海水营养盐浓度 Nutrient concentration of natural seawater
聚乙烯瓶 Polyethylene bottle	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration	天然海水营养盐浓度 Nutrient concentration of natural seawater	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration

分隔装置 Separation apparatus	未分隔组 No-separating group	分隔且地上组织添加组 Separation group with N, P addition in the leaf compartment	分隔且地下组织添加组 Separation group with N, P addition in the root- rhizome compartment
玻璃水槽 Glass aquarium	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration	天然海水营养盐浓度 Nutrient concentration of natural seawater
聚乙烯瓶 Polyethylene bottle	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration	天然海水营养盐浓度 Nutrient concentration of natural seawater	设置的营养盐浓度 Designed nutrient concentration

营养盐形式 Form of nutrient	植株部位 Tissue of plant	V_max (μmol·g^-1·h^-1)	K_m (μmol·L^-1)	R²
NH₄⁺-N	植株 Shoot	51.8 ± 7.1^b	68.1 ± 15.9	0.98
	地上组织 Aboveground tissue	43.1 ± 7.2^b	58.9 ± 19.4	0.92
	地下组织 Belowground tissue	16.3 ± 8.5^a	48.6 ± 17.9	0.95
NO₃^--N	植株 Shoot	39.1 ± 7.0	68.6 ± 16.8	0.99
	地上组织 Aboveground tissue	30.5 ± 10.9	42.8 ± 13.5	0.97
	地下组织 Belowground tissue	26.5 ± 3.8	53.3 ± 9.1	0.99
PO₄^3--P	植株 Shoot	27.9 ± 8.4^b	24.8 ± 4.4^b	0.97
	地上组织 Aboveground tissue	15.6 ± 0.9^b	7.6 ± 0.2^a	0.90
	地下组织 Belowground tissue	2.6 ± 0.9^a	6.0 ± 1.9^a	0.97

营养盐形式 Form of nutrient	植株部位 Tissue of plant	V_max (μmol·g^-1·h^-1)	K_m (μmol·L^-1)	R²
NH₄⁺-N	植株 Shoot	51.8 ± 7.1^b	68.1 ± 15.9	0.98
	地上组织 Aboveground tissue	43.1 ± 7.2^b	58.9 ± 19.4	0.92
	地下组织 Belowground tissue	16.3 ± 8.5^a	48.6 ± 17.9	0.95
NO₃^--N	植株 Shoot	39.1 ± 7.0	68.6 ± 16.8	0.99
	地上组织 Aboveground tissue	30.5 ± 10.9	42.8 ± 13.5	0.97
	地下组织 Belowground tissue	26.5 ± 3.8	53.3 ± 9.1	0.99
PO₄^3--P	植株 Shoot	27.9 ± 8.4^b	24.8 ± 4.4^b	0.97
	地上组织 Aboveground tissue	15.6 ± 0.9^b	7.6 ± 0.2^a	0.90
	地下组织 Belowground tissue	2.6 ± 0.9^a	6.0 ± 1.9^a	0.97

种类 Species	研究地点 Study area	V_max (μmol·g^-1·h^-1)			K_m (μmol·L^-1)			文献 Reference
种类 Species		NH₄⁺-N	NO₃^--N	PO₄^3--P	NH₄⁺-N	NO₃^--N	PO₄^3--P	文献 Reference
大叶藻 Zostera marina	山东荣成天鹅湖 Tian’e Lake, Rongcheng, Shandong China (37.35° N, 122.57° E)	51.8	39.1	27.9	68.1	68.6	24.8	本研究 This study
大叶藻 Zostera marina	美国罗德岛 Rhode Island, USA (41.30° N, 71.30° W)	48						Thursby & Harlin, 1982
Phyllospadix torreyi	美国拉由拉市 La Jolla, USA (32.48° N, 117.16° W)	96-204	25-75		9-34	4-17		Terrados & Williams, 1997
泰来藻 Thalassia hemprichii	印度尼西亚斯佩蒙德群岛 Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia (5.03° S, 119.20° E)	32-37			21-60			Stapel et al., 1996
Thalassia testudinum	美国圣体湾和马德雷湖 Corpus Christi Bay (27.49° N, 97.07° W) & Laguna Madre, USA (26.09° N, 97.12° W)	8-16	4-7		8-15	2-39		Lee & Dunton, 1999
Posidonia oceanica	西班牙马拉加 Málaga, Spain (36.40° N, 4.21° W)					8.7	5.8	Rubio et al., 2018
真江蓠 Gracilari asiatica	浙江奉化象山港 Xiangshan Harbor, Fenghua, China (29.11° N, 122.01° E)	159.4						Wen et al., 2008
龙须菜 Asparagus schoberioides	福建东山岛 Dongshan Island, Fujian China (23.36° N, 117.14° E)			3.1				Xu et al., 2007
浒苔 Ulva prolifera	山东青岛汇泉湾 Huiquan Bay, Qingdao, Shandong China (36.03° N, 123.20° E)		250.4	5.8				Wang et al., 2011