玉龙雪山不同海拔丽江云杉径向生长对气候变异的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0003

植物生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 629-639.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0003

玉龙雪山不同海拔丽江云杉径向生长对气候变异的响应

张贇^1,²,尹定财^1,^*(),田昆^1,²,张卫国¹,和荣华³,和文清³,孙江梅³,刘振亚^1,²

1 西南林业大学国家高原湿地研究中心, 昆明 650224
2 云南省滇池湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 昆明 650224
3 丽江玉龙雪山省级自然保护区管护局, 云南丽江 674100

收稿日期:2018-01-03 修回日期:2018-04-25 出版日期:2018-06-20 发布日期:2018-06-20
通讯作者: 尹定财
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31600395);云南省高原湿地科学创新团队项目(2012HC007)

Radial growth responses of Picea likiangensis to climate variabilities at different altitudes in Yulong Snow Mountain, southwest China

ZHANG Yun^1,²,YIN Ding-Cai^1,^*(),TIAN Kun^1,²,ZHANG Wei-Guo¹,HE Rong-Hua³,HE Wen-Qing³,SUN Jiang-Mei³,LIU Zhen-Ya^1,²

1 National Plateau Wetlands Research Center, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
2 Yunnan Dianchi Lake Wetland Ecosystem National Observatory Station, Kunming 650224, China; and 3Administration of Yulong Snow Mountain Provincial Natural Reserve, Lijiang, Yunnan 674100, China
3 Administration of Yulong Snow Mountain Provincial Natural Reserve, Lijiang, Yunnan 674100, China

Received:2018-01-03 Revised:2018-04-25 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-06-20
Contact: Ding-Cai YIN
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31600395);the Plateau Wetlands Science Innovation Team of Yunnan Province(2012HC007)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究滇西北高原树木径向生长与气候关系随海拔的变化规律, 分别在玉龙雪山低、中、高海拔采集丽江云杉(Picea likiangensis)年轮样本, 建立了不同海拔丽江云杉树轮宽度残差年表, 将年轮指数与气候因子进行响应分析、冗余分析以及滑动响应分析。结果表明: 玉龙雪山丽江云杉径向生长受气温和降水共同影响, 但不同海拔径向生长响应模式存在差异。其中当年1-3月降水与不同海拔丽江云杉径向生长均呈显著正相关关系; 当年生长季后期降水与中、低海拔树木生长呈显著负相关关系, 与高海拔树木生长呈显著正相关关系; 中、低海拔树木生长还受当年春季干旱胁迫; 而当年7月气温升高促进高海拔丽江云杉生长。冗余分析与响应分析结果基本一致, 说明冗余分析能够有效量化树轮宽度指数与气候因子的关系。滑动响应分析显示气温和降水在小时间尺度上的变化也会影响树木生长。结合不同海拔丽江云杉生长对气候因子的响应模式及未来气候预测, 玉龙雪山高海拔丽江云杉生长将得到加强, 而中、低海拔丽江云杉生长则表现出不确定性。

关键词: 青藏高原东南缘, 树木年轮, 气候响应, 气温, 降水

Abstract:

Aims The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between radial growth in Picea likiangensisand climate variables along an altitudinal gradient in Yulong Snow Mountain of southwest China.

Methods Tree-ring samples were collected at low (2898 m), intermediate (3309 m) and high (3639 m) altitudes in Yulong Snow Mountain. Residual chronologies were established by using the tree-ring width data. Relationships between the residual chronologies and climatic factors were determined by using response function analysis (RFA), redundancy analysis (RDA) and moving interval response analysis (MIRA).

Important findings The radial growth in P. likiangensis was influenced by both temperature and precipitation along an altitudinal gradient in Yulong Snow Mountain, but the seasonal response patterns varied with altitudes. It was significantly and positively correlated with precipitation from January through March of the current year at all the three altitudinal sites. The precipitation in post-growing season of the current year imposed a negative influence on radial growth at the sites of low and intermediate altitudes; whereas the effect was positive at the high altitude site. Spring drought of the current year was found to be another important factor affecting tree growth at the low and intermediate altitudes, while the current July temperature accelerated the radial growth at the high altitude. Results of RDA were generally consistent with that of RFA, indicating the effectiveness of RDA for quantifying the relationships between tree-ring width index and climatic factors. The results of MIRA indicated that variations in temperature and precipitation on a short-term scale also influenced tree growth. Based on the responses of tree growth to climate at the three altitudes and future climate predictions, the radial growth in P. likiangensis would likely be enhanced at the high altitude in the Yulong Snow Mountain, but the response patterns are uncertain at the low and intermediate altitudes.

Key words: southeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, dendrochronology, climate response, temperature, precipitation

张贇, 尹定财, 田昆, 张卫国, 和荣华, 和文清, 孙江梅, 刘振亚. 玉龙雪山不同海拔丽江云杉径向生长对气候变异的响应. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(6): 629-639. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0003

ZHANG Yun, YIN Ding-Cai, TIAN Kun, ZHANG Wei-Guo, HE Rong-Hua, HE Wen-Qing, SUN Jiang-Mei, LIU Zhen-Ya. Radial growth responses of Picea likiangensis to climate variabilities at different altitudes in Yulong Snow Mountain, southwest China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2018, 42(6): 629-639. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0003

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0003

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2018/V42/I6/629

图/表 8

图1 丽江气象站1951-2010年气象资料。PREC, 降水; Tmean, 月平均气温; Tmax, 月平均最高气温; Tmin, 月平均最低气温。

Fig. 1 Meteorological data from the Lijiang Meteorological Station (1951-2010). PREC, precipitation; Tmean, monthly mean air temperature; Tmax, monthly maximum air temperature; Tmin, monthly minimum air temperature.

表1 采样点概况

Table 1 Description of sampling sites

采样点 Sampling site	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔 Altitude (m)	样本量(树/样芯) No. (tree/radii)
低海拔 Low altitude	100.25° E	27.13° N	2 898	27/53
中海拔 Intermediate altitude	100.23° E	27.11° N	3 309	35/70
高海拔 High altitude	100.22° E	27.10° N	3 639	31/62

图2 树轮宽度残差年表。L, 低海拔; M, 中海拔; H, 高海拔。

Fig. 2 Residual tree-ring chronologies at the three sites. L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude.

表2 年表统计参数及公共区间分析

Table 2 Statistics of ring-width chronologies and common interval analysis

统计特征 Statistic characters	L	M	H
样本量(树/样芯) Sample depth (tree/radii)	25/50	31/62	29/58
序列长度 Time span (A.D)	1925-2016	1889-2016	1945-2017
EPS > 0.85起始年/样芯数 Year since EPS > 0.85/cores	1964/11	1901/7	1957/11
平均敏感度 Mean sensitivity	0.28	0.17	0.16
公共区间(1967-2016)分析 Common interval analysis (1967-2016)
标准差 Standard deviation	0.23	0.16	0.14
信噪比 Signal-to-noise ratio	10.1	44.9	13.0
样本总体代表性 Expressed population signal	0.91	0.98	0.93
第一主成分方差解释量 Variance in first eigenvector (%)	41.44	49.09	40.55

表3 玉龙雪山3个采样点丽江云杉残差年表间相关系数(1967-2016)

Table 3 Correlation coefficients of the residual chronologies in Picea likiangensis among three sampling sites in Yulong Snow Mountain (1967- 2016)

	L	M
M	0.629^**	-
H	0.177	0.435^**

图3 丽江云杉残差年表与气候因子的响应分析(1952-2010)。L, 低海拔; M, 中海拔; H, 高海拔。p代表上年; pPG , 上年生长季后期; JM, 当年1-3月; EG , 生长季初期; G , 生长季盛期; PG , 生长季后期。*, p < 0.05。

Fig. 3 Response function analysis between the residual chronologies and climatic factors (1952-2010). L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude. p, previous year; pPG , post-growing season of previous year; JM, January through March of the current year; EG , early growing season; G , growing season; PG , post-growing season. *, p < 0.05.

图4 丽江云杉残差年表与主要气候因子的滑动响应分析。虚线为95%置信区间。L, 低海拔; M, 中海拔; H, 高海拔。

Fig. 4 Moving interval response analysis between the residual chronologies and main climatic factors. Dotted lines indicate the 95% confidence level. L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude.

图5 残差年表与气候因子的冗余分析(1952-2010)。只显示相关性显著的气候变量。向量越长表示气候因子越重要, 气候向量与年表向量夹角的余弦值代表年表与气候因子的相关系数。两者方向相同表示正相关, 方向相反表示负相关。数字表示月份, T, P分别表示气温和降水。L, 低海拔; M, 中海拔; H, 高海拔。

Fig. 5 Redundancy analysis between climatic factors and residual chronologies (1952-2010). Only significant climatic factors (p < 0.05) are shown. The longer vector of climate factor indicates the greater contribution; correlation coefficients between the climatic factors and the chronologies are illustrated by the cosine of the angle between the two vectors. Vectors pointing in the same directions indicate a positive correlation, and in opposite directions indicate a negative correlation. Numbers represent the corresponding months, and T and P indicate the temperature and precipitation, respectively. L, low altitude; M, intermediate altitude; H, high altitude.

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玉龙雪山不同海拔丽江云杉径向生长对气候变异的响应

Radial growth responses of Picea likiangensis to climate variabilities at different altitudes in Yulong Snow Mountain, southwest China

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