植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 1091-1103.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0194

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

青海省森林土壤磷储量及其分布格局

唐立涛,刘丹,罗雪萍,胡雷,王长庭()   

  1. 西南民族大学青藏高原研究院, 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-05 接受日期:2019-11-11 出版日期:2019-12-20 发布日期:2020-01-03
  • 通讯作者: 王长庭
  • 作者简介:唐立涛 ORCID:0000-0002-4192-6518
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31870407);国家自然科学基金(31370542);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2020NZD03);四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2018SZ033)

Forest soil phosphorus stocks and distribution patterns in Qinghai, China

TANG Li-Tao,LIU Dan,LUO Xue-Ping,HU Lei,WANG Chang-Ting()   

  1. Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2019-08-05 Accepted:2019-11-11 Online:2019-12-20 Published:2020-01-03
  • Contact: WANG Chang-Ting
  • About author:TANG Li-Tao ORCID:0000-0002-4192-6518
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(31870407);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(31370542);Special Fund Project for Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of Central Universities(2020NZD03);Sichuan Science and Technology Plan to focus on Research and Development Project(2018SZ033)

摘要:

磷(P)是地球生态系统中重要的生命元素。全球变化背景下, 科学地探究森林土壤磷储量现状及其影响因子, 对陆地生态系统的稳定以及磷的可持续利用具有重要意义。因此, 该研究利用青海省240个森林标准样地土壤实测数据, 并结合青海省森林资源清查资料估算出了青海省森林土壤磷储量, 揭示了其分布格局, 并讨论了土壤磷储量与环境因子的关系。结果表明: (1)青海省森林土壤磷储量为1.74 Tg, 全省1 m深土壤平均磷密度为4.65 Mg·hm -2, 土壤磷密度总体上呈地带性分布。(2)土壤磷密度在中低海拔(2 200-3 000 m)区域随海拔的升高显著减小, 在高海拔(3 300-3 900 m)区域随海拔高度的增加而显著变大。山地灰褐色森林土的磷密度最大且显著大于山地棕色暗针叶林土和山地暗褐土。(3)土壤磷含量随海拔升高显著减小, 山地棕色暗针叶林土各土层磷含量相对较大, 山地暗褐土的磷含量最小, 且土壤磷含量随着土层的加深而减小。(4)海拔、温度、土壤类型以及土壤含水量均对土壤磷含量有直接影响, 且影响较大, 其中海拔和温度是影响土壤磷含量变化的关键因子; 土壤磷密度对土壤容重、土壤磷含量、土壤含水量、海拔、土壤类型的变化响应较为明显, 而土壤容重可能是限制土壤磷密度变化的主导因素。

关键词: 磷储量, 森林土壤, 空间分布, 环境因子, 青海

Abstract:

Aims Our objectives were to investigate the soil phosphorus (P) stocks and distribution patterns in forests of Qinghai Province, and to determine the relationships between soil phosphorus stocks and environmental factors.
Methods Phosphorus stocks in forest soils of Qinghai Province were estimated from measurement data of 240 standard sampling plots in combination with the forest type information in the Qinghai Forest Resources Inventory data. The distribution patterns were examined by spatial analysis.
Important findings Forest soil P stocks in Qinghai Province is estimated at 1.74 Tg. The average soil P density to 1 m depth is about 4.65 Mg·hm -2, displaying of pattern of zonal distribution. Soil P density significantly decreases first and then increases with altitude, and is largest in Cinnamon forest soils and less in brown forest soils and dark cinnamon forest soils. Soil P content decreases significantly with altitude. The P content was highest in brown forest soils and lowest in dark cinnamon soils. Total P in the soil profile exhibited characteristics of surface accumulation. The structure equation model (SEM) shows that soil type, altitude, temperature, and soil moisture content have direct impacts on soil P content, with temperature and altitude being among the key factors. Soil P content, altitude, soil moisture content, soil depth, and soil bulk density all have significant effects on soil P density, with soil bulk density being the most prominent factor.

Key words: phosphorus stocks, forest soil, spatial distribution pattern, environmental factor, Qinghai