川中丘陵区水稻田土壤呼吸及其影响因素

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2006.0060

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于川中丘陵区2003年4~9月水稻田土壤呼吸、土壤温度和水稻(Oryza sativa)生物量的测定,研究了水稻田土壤呼吸日变化和季节变化特征以及影响稻田土壤呼吸的主要因素。结果表明,水稻田土壤CO₂排放通量的日变化为单峰型,其最小值和最大值分别出现在当地时间7∶00和15∶00;在水稻生长期内,稻田土壤CO₂排放通量在18.00~269.69 mg·m^-2·h^-1之间波动,平均排放通量为121.76 mg·m^-2·h^-1。在日的时间尺度上,水稻田土壤CO₂排放通量与5 cm土壤温度存在显著的指数函数关系;而从整个生长期时间尺度上看,水稻田土壤CO₂的排放通量主要受到5 cm土壤温度和水稻地下生物量的影响。在水稻生长初期,水稻地下生物量与稻田土壤CO₂排放通量之间存在着显著的相关关系;水稻拔节中后期到成熟期,土壤温度则是制约稻田土壤CO₂排放的关键因素。CO₂排放通量与稻田地表水层深度的相关关系不显著。

关键词: 土壤呼吸, 稻田, 影响因素

Abstract:

Measurements of soil respiration, soil temperature and rice biomass were made during the rice growing season in the hill region of the central Sichuan Basin from April to September 2003. Characteristics of the daily and seasonal variations of soil respiration and their controlling factors are presented. The results showed that daily variations of soil respiration could be modeled with a single peak curve. The minimum and maximum soil respiration values from rice fields occurred at 7∶00 and 15∶00, respectively. Daily soil respiration rates were highly correlated with 5 cm depth soil temperature measurements. The mean rate of soil respiration was 121.76 mg·m^-2·h^-1, ranging from 18.00 to 269.69 mg·m^-2·h^-1 during the growing season. Rice root biomass and 5 cm depth soil temperatures were the major factors influencing soil CO₂ emissions during the entire growing season. There was a significant relationship between the rate of soil respiration and root biomass of rice during the initial growing season. From the middle/late stages to mature stage, 5 cm depth soil temperatures played a key role in regulating soil CO₂ emissions from rice fields, while the relationship between the rate of soil respiration and water levels in the rice fields was not obvious.

Key words: Soil respiration, Rice field, Controlling factors

韩广轩, 朱波, 江长胜. 川中丘陵区水稻田土壤呼吸及其影响因素. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(3): 450-456. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0060

HAN Guang-Xuan, ZHU Bo, JIANG Chang-Sheng. SOIL RESPIRATION AND ITS CONTROLLING FACTORS IN RICE FIELDS IN THE HILL REGION OF THE CENTRAL SICHUAN BASIN. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(3): 450-456. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0060

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2006.0060

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2006/V30/I3/450

图/表 9

图1 水稻不同生长期内稻田土壤CO2排放的日动态

Fig.1 Daily variations of soil CO2 emission of rice at different bearing stages

图2 稻田土壤呼吸与5 cm土壤温度的相关关系 a:5月28日 May 28 b:7月22日 July 22 c:9月5日 September 5

Fig.2 Relationship between soil respiration from rice field and 5 cm soil temperature

表1 土壤呼吸与各温度之间的相关关系

Table 1 Correlation relationship between soil respiration and different temperatures

日期 Date	5 cm土壤温度 5 cm soil temperature	地表温度 Surface ground temperature	箱内温度 Air temperature in chamber	气温 Air temperature
5月28日 May 28	0.887^**	0.881^**	0.953^**	0.930^**
7月22日 July 22	0.913^**	0.672	0.752	0.743
9月5日 September 5	0.914^**	0.395	0.678	0.522

图3 稻田土壤呼吸、5 cm土壤温度和水稻地下生物量的季节变化

Fig.3 Seasonal variations of soil respiration, 5 cm soil temperature and root biomass of rice

图4 水稻地下生物量与移栽后天数的相关关系

Fig.4 Relationship between root biomass of rice and days after transplanting

图5 稻田土壤呼吸与水稻地下生物量的关系(自移栽到移栽后35 d)

Fig.5 Relationship between root biomass and soil respiration from rice field (from transplanting to 35 days after transplanting)

图6 水稻生长季中稻田土壤呼吸与5 cm土壤温度的相关关系

Fig.6 Relationship between soil respiration from rice field and 5cm soil temperature during the growing season

图7 稻田土壤呼吸与5 cm土壤温度的关系(自移栽后42 d到收获)

Fig.7 Relationship between 5 cm soil temperature and soil respiration from rice field (from 42 days after transplanting to reaping)

图8 稻田土壤呼吸与地表水深的相关关系

Fig.8 Relationship between soil respiration and depth of water on the ground

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