干热河谷植物化学计量特征与生物量之间的关系

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0077

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 807-815.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0077

所属专题：生态化学计量

干热河谷植物化学计量特征与生物量之间的关系

闫帮国^1,^2,³, 刘刚才², 樊博¹, 何光熊¹, 史亮涛¹, 李纪潮^1,⁴, 纪中华^5*()

¹云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所, 云南元谋 651300
²中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041
³中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
⁴广西大学农学院, 南宁 530004
⁵云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所, 昆明 650205

收稿日期:2015-03-17 接受日期:2015-06-10 出版日期:2015-08-01 发布日期:2015-08-17
作者简介:
*作者简介:E-mail:dengchuanyuan@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31460127)、国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B05)和云南省农业科学院专项基础性超前预研项目(2014CZJC016)

Relationships between plant stoichiometry and biomass in an arid-hot valley, Southwest China

YAN Bang-Guo^1,^2,³, LIU Gang-Cai², FAN Bo¹, HE Guang-Xiong¹, SHI Liang-Tao¹, LI Ji-Chao^1,⁴, JI Zhong-Hua^5,^*()

¹Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmou, Yunnan 651300, China
²Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Chengdu 610041, China
³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
⁴College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
and ⁵Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China

Received:2015-03-17 Accepted:2015-06-10 Online:2015-08-01 Published:2015-08-17
Contact: Zhong-Hua JI
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

了解植物化学计量学特征对生物量变化的响应机制对预测全球变化下植物生产力以及生态系统功能具有重要意义。为了了解干热河谷地区植物化学计量学塑性变化与植物生物量变化的关系, 该研究以当地的典型燥红土为基质, 观察水分、养分以及二者的交互作用对6种植物的生长的促进作用, 并分析这种作用与植物化学计量学特征变化的关系。研究结果显示: 水分、养分、物种及其二元交互作用对植物生长具有显著的作用。养分添加处理增加了32.55%的生物量, 高频次水分处理增加了31.35%的生物量, 水分与养分复合处理下生物量增加了110.60%。植物化学计量学特征的变化与植物生物量对处理的响应具有显著相关性。其中, 植物总体K:Ca、K:Mg、K:Mn、K:Zn、Mg:Mn的变化与植物生物量的变化呈正相关关系, 表明水分和养分处理对植物生长的促进作用影响了植物养分的平衡, 主要的变化趋势是高含量元素与低含量元素的计量比随着生物量的增加而不断增加。此外, 相对于植物生物量变化, 处理类型和物种因素对多数化学计量学特征变化无显著影响, 表明水分和养分处理对化学计量学的影响具有相同的驱动机制, 即通过生物量变化最终影响化学计量学变化。植物生物量对水分和养分的响应可对植物化学计量学特征以及生态系统功能产生深远的影响。

关键词: 生态化学计量学, 微量元素, 大量元素, 可塑性, 生物量

Abstract:

Aims The micro-elemental stoichiometry as well as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) plays an important role in ecosystem process. However, the drivers of the variations in these stoichiometric ratios in plants are less explored in compared with N and P. Plant productivity and plant stoichiometry can response simultaneously to environmental changes, such as water and nutrient supply levels. However, the relationships between the changes in plant stoichiometry and biomass were unclear yet although both of them play important roles in ecosystem functioning. Our object was to investigate the changes in plant stoichiometry (including multiple macro- and micro-elements) and in biomass under different nutrient and water supply. Methods We collected seeds from six grass species in an arid-hot valley and performed a nutrient-water addition experiment in 2012 with a complete factorial design (nutrient × water). The concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn and Mn in different organs and plant biomass were measured. The effects of species, water and nutrient on element concentration and plant biomass were analyzed by three-way ANOVA. Linear regressions were used to test the relationships between changes in plant stoichiometry and changes in biomass after nutrient and water addition. Important findings Nutrient addition increased plant biomass by 32.55% compared with control. High-level water supply increased plant biomass by 31.35% and the combination of nutrient and high-level water addition increased plant biomass by 110.60%. Nutrient, water, species identity and their two-way interactions significantly affected plant biomass. Changes in total plant K:Ca, K:Mg, K:Mn, K:Zn and Mg:Mn were significantly and positively related to changes in plant biomass. The ratio between the concentrations of macro-elements and micro-elements tended to increase with biomass. Species identity and treatment had no effects in most of these relationships, suggesting that the changes in stoichiometry were mostly driven by the variations in biomass. The relationships between changes in stoichiometry and in biomass also occurred in leaves, stems and roots. The covariation between plant stoichiometry and biomass can have profound effects on ecosystem functioning under the global environmental changes.

Key words: ecological stoichiometry, micro-element, macro-element, plasticity, biomass

闫帮国, 刘刚才, 樊博, 何光熊, 史亮涛, 李纪潮, 纪中华. 干热河谷植物化学计量特征与生物量之间的关系. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(8): 807-815. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0077

YAN Bang-Guo,LIU Gang-Cai,FAN Bo,HE Guang-Xiong,SHI Liang-Tao,LI Ji-Chao,JI Zhong-Hua. Relationships between plant stoichiometry and biomass in an arid-hot valley, Southwest China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(8): 807-815. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0077

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0077

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I8/807

图/表 8

表1 养分(N)、水分(W)处理以及物种(S)因素对植物生物量的方差分析结果(F64,7值)

Table 1 Results (F64,7 values) of three-way ANOVAs on the effects of nutrient addition (N), water treatment (W), species identity (S) and their interactions on biomass

	N	W	S	N × W	N × S	W × S	N × W × S
生物量 Biomass	58.876^***	56.373^***	81.222^***	10.269^**	23.014^***	4.025^*	0.073

图1 养分、水分处理下的植物生物量(平均值±标准误差)。Hc, 黄茅; Bp, 孔颖草; Cg, 橘草; Da, 双花草; Sb, 裂稃草; Mr, 红毛草。物种内不同字母表示处理间存在显著性差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Response of plant biomass to nutrient and water treatments (mean ± SE). Hc, Heteropogon contortus; Bp, Bothriochloa pertusa; Cg, Cymbopogon goeringii; Da, Dichanthium annulatum; Sb, Schizachyrium brevifolium; Mr, Melinis repens. For each species different letters denote significant difference in biomass between treatments (p < 0.05).

表2 植物体元素含量与变异系数

Table 2 Element concentrations in plants and their coefficients of variation (CV)

	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	Mn	Zn
植物总体 Whole plant
平均值 Mean (mg·g^-1)	9.243	0.718	10.788	4.621	1.707	0.144	0.066
变异系数 CV	0.249	0.173	0.211	0.229	0.138	0.184	0.295
叶片 Leaf
平均值 Mean (mg·g^-1)	13.176	0.885	13.060	6.567	2.098	0.130	0.025
变异系数 CV	0.296	0.325	0.312	0.347	0.327	0.339	0.210
茎干 Stem
平均值 Mean (mg·g^-1)	9.232	0.809	13.290	3.433	1.841	0.197	0.065
变异系数 CV	0.481	0.301	0.270	0.220	0.188	0.169	0.345
根系 Root
平均值 Mean (mg·g^-1)	5.950	0.451	5.528	4.636	1.196	0.091	0.111
变异系数 CV	0.172	0.387	0.312	0.382	0.253	0.527	0.517

图2 植物总体元素计量学特征响应指数(Rstoichiometry)与植物生物量响应指数(Rbiomass)的关系。**, p < 0.01; *, p < 0.05。N, 养分添加; W, 水分添加。

Fig. 2 Relationships between response index of whole-plant stoichiometry (Rstoichiometry) and response index of plant biomass (Rbiomass). N, nutrient addition; W, water addition. **, p < 0.01; *, p < 0.05.

表3 植物元素含量响应指数(R)与植物生物量的响应指数(Rbiomass)的相关系数

Table 3 Coefficients of correlation between response index of plant element concentrations (R) and response index of plant biomass (Rbiomass)

R_biomass	元素含量响应指数 Response index of element concentration
R_biomass	R_N	R_P	R_K	R_Ca	R_Mg	R_Zn	R_Mn
植物总体元素 Whole plant	-0.057	-0.328	0.015	-0.535*	-0.473*	-0.557*	-0.592**
植物叶片元素 Leaf	-0.007	-0.067	0.072	-0.212	-0.216	-0.415	-0.504*
植物茎干元素 Stem	-0.059	-0.180	0.004	-0.206	-0.221	-0.461	-0.357
植物根系元素 Root	0.009	-0.217	-0.137	-0.446	-0.236	-0.236	-0.391

图3 植物叶片元素计量学特征响应指数(Rstoichiometry)与植物生物量响应指数(Rbiomass)的关系。N, 养分添加; W, 水分添加。

Fig. 3 Relationship between response index of leaf stoich- iometry (Rstoichiometry) and response index of plant biomass (Rstoichiometry). N, nutrient addition; W, water addition.

图4 植物根系元素计量学特征响应指数(Rstoichiometry)与植物生物量响应指数(Rbiomass)的关系。N, 养分添加; W, 水分添加。

Fig. 4 Relationship between response index of root stoich- iometry (Rstoichiometry) and response index of plant biomass (Rbiomass). N, nutrient addition; W, water addition.

图5 植物茎干元素计量学特征响应指数(Rstoichiometry)与植物生物量响应指数(Rbiomass)的关系。N, 养分添加; W, 水分添加。

Fig. 5 Relationship between response index of stem stoich- iometry (Rstoichiometry) and response index of plant biomass (Rbiomass). N, nutrient addition; W, water addition.

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干热河谷植物化学计量特征与生物量之间的关系

Relationships between plant stoichiometry and biomass in an arid-hot valley, Southwest China

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