水稻分蘖节位生产力比较

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00324

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以籼型杂交稻(Oryza sativa) ‘汕优63’为供试材料, 在田间单株稀植条件下(100 cm × 50 cm)进行试验, 保留主茎1个节位、2个节位和4个节位, 其中节位处理分低节位、中节位和高节位, 每个植株通过人工去除特定节位分蘖, 都保留16个分蘖穗和相同的一次、二次和三次分蘖的构成。在此条件下研究了主茎和2-9节位一次、二次和三次分蘖的经济产量。试验结果如下: 1)主茎总叶数和穗重随分蘖节位减少和节位上移而增加。2)在相同分蘖节位条件下, 一次分蘖的平均穗重表现为高节位>中节位>低节位; 二次分蘖的平均穗重在1个节位时表现为中节位>高节位>低节位, 在2和4个节位时表现为高节位>中节位>低节位; 三次分蘖的平均穗重在1个节位时表现为中节位>高节位>低节位, 2个节位时表现为中节位>低节位>高节位, 在4个节位时表现为高节位>中节位>低节位。3)整个分蘖穗重的平均值在1个节位时和在2个节位时都表现为中节位>高节位>低节位, 在4个节位时表现为高节位>中节位>低节位。4)分蘖穗重平均值的不整齐度(占主穗的百分比)随着利用节位上升而增加, 但这种趋势随节位数的增加而变缓。上述结果表明, 低节位分蘖尽管出现的时间早, 有更多的叶片数, 但不一定比中、高节位分蘖有更高的经济产量。要正确比较低、中和高节位生产力, 必须在相同分蘖利用节位、相同的分蘖数和相同的分蘖构成前提下。

关键词: 水稻, 节位生产力, 超补偿, 分蘖

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to determine the economic yield of the main stem and the primary (P), secondary (S) and tertiary (T) tillers from the 2nd to 9th nodes on the main stem of rice.
Methods We planted rice (Oryza sativa) variety ‘Shanyou63’ with one plant per hill (100 cm × 50 cm). Treatments consisted of limiting tillers to one main stem node only, on two or four consecutive main stem nodes at lower (L), middle (M) and upper (U) positions with the same 16 panicles and the constituents of each order tiller per plant.
Important findings The main stem leaf number and panicle weight increased as the number of tillering nodes decreased and tillering nodes shifted higher on the main stem. In the treatments with same number of the specific nodes, the average panicle weight of P was U > M > L. The average panicle weight of S was M > U > L in the treatments with one specific node and U > M > L in the treatments with two or four specific nodes. The average panicle weight of T was M > U > L in the treatments with one specific node, M > L > U in the treatments with two specific nodes and U > M > L in the treatments with four specific nodes. Consequently, the average panicle weight of whole tillers was M > U > L and U > M > L for one or two and four specific node(s). These results showed that the economic yield of tillers of L was not necessarily higher than the tillers of M or U, though the tillers of L emerged earlier and had more leaves than the tillers of M and U. Hierarchy (the percentage of mean panicle weight of each order tiller(s) to mean panicle weight of the main stem) of the average panicle weight of tillers increased as the positions of specific nodes shifted higher while the trend was slower as the number of specific nodes increased. These results indicated that in order to compare the productivity of lower, middle and upper nodes on the main stem, number of the tillering nodes and the makeup of tillers must be the same, and without this premise, it seemed that any conclusion was arbitrary.

Key words: rice, node productivity, over compensation, tiller

隗溟,廖学群,李冬霞,段海龙. 水稻分蘖节位生产力比较. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(4): 324-332. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00324

WEI Ming,LIAO Xue-Qun,LI Dong-Xia,DUAN Hai-Long. Comparison of tillering productivity among nodes along the mian stem of rice. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(4): 324-332. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00324

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00324

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I4/324

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参考文献 23

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处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	保留分蘖的顺序 Order of tiller
处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	一次分蘖 Primary tiller	二次分蘖 Secondary tiller	三次分蘖 Tertiary tiller
保留一个节位 Remaining one node 总计 Total	N	TN 1	TN-1-5 5	TN-1-1-4 TN-2-1-3 TN-3-1-2 TN-4-1-1 10
保留二个节位 Remaining two nodes 总计 Total	N N+1	TN T(N+1) 2	TN-1-4 T(N+1)-1-4 8	TN-1-1-2 TN-2-1 T(N+1)-1-1-2 T(N+1)-2-1 6
保留四个节位 Remaining four nodes 总计 Total	N N+1 N+2 N+3	TN T(N+1) T(N+2) T(N+3) 4	TN-1-2 T(N+1)-1-2 T(N+2)-1-2 T(N+3)-1-2 8	TN-1-1 T(N+1)-1-1 T(N+2)-1-1 T(N+3)-1-1 4

处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	保留分蘖的顺序 Order of tiller
处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	一次分蘖 Primary tiller	二次分蘖 Secondary tiller	三次分蘖 Tertiary tiller
保留一个节位 Remaining one node 总计 Total	N	TN 1	TN-1-5 5	TN-1-1-4 TN-2-1-3 TN-3-1-2 TN-4-1-1 10
保留二个节位 Remaining two nodes 总计 Total	N N+1	TN T(N+1) 2	TN-1-4 T(N+1)-1-4 8	TN-1-1-2 TN-2-1 T(N+1)-1-1-2 T(N+1)-2-1 6
保留四个节位 Remaining four nodes 总计 Total	N N+1 N+2 N+3	TN T(N+1) T(N+2) T(N+3) 4	TN-1-2 T(N+1)-1-2 T(N+2)-1-2 T(N+3)-1-2 8	TN-1-1 T(N+1)-1-1 T(N+2)-1-1 T(N+3)-1-1 4

处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	保留分蘖的顺序 Order of tiller
处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	一次分蘖 Primary tiller	二次分蘖 Secondary tiller	三次分蘖 Tertiary tiller
保留一个节位 Remaining one node 总计 Total	1	2 1	2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5 5	2-1-1, 2-1-2, 2-1-3, 2-1-4 2-2-1, 2-2-2, 2-2-3 2-3-1, 2-3-2 2-4-1 10
保留二个节位 Remaining two nodes 总计 Total	2	2, 3 2	2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4 8	2-1-1, 2-1-2, 2-2-1 3-1-1, 3-1-2, 3-2-1, 6
保留四个节位 Remaining four nodes 总计 Total	4	2, 3, 4, 5 4	2-1, 2-2 3-1, 3-2 4-1, 4-2 5-1, 5-2 8	2-1-1 3-1-1 4-1-1 5-1-1 4

处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	保留分蘖的顺序 Order of tiller
处理 Treatment	保留一次分蘖节位 Remaining node of primary tiller	一次分蘖 Primary tiller	二次分蘖 Secondary tiller	三次分蘖 Tertiary tiller
保留一个节位 Remaining one node 总计 Total	1	2 1	2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5 5	2-1-1, 2-1-2, 2-1-3, 2-1-4 2-2-1, 2-2-2, 2-2-3 2-3-1, 2-3-2 2-4-1 10
保留二个节位 Remaining two nodes 总计 Total	2	2, 3 2	2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4 8	2-1-1, 2-1-2, 2-2-1 3-1-1, 3-1-2, 3-2-1, 6
保留四个节位 Remaining four nodes 总计 Total	4	2, 3, 4, 5 4	2-1, 2-2 3-1, 3-2 4-1, 4-2 5-1, 5-2 8	2-1-1 3-1-1 4-1-1 5-1-1 4

处理 Treatment	播种后 Days from sowing (d)		主茎高度 (cm)	叶数 Leaf numbers	平均叶长 A.L.B (cm)	出叶速度 L.EM.R (leaf·d^-1)	叶伸长速度 L.EL.R (cm·d^-1)	颖花数 N.S	穗重 P.W (g)
处理 Treatment	至剑叶叶枕平 P.F.L.E	至抽穗 Heading	主茎高度 (cm)	叶数 Leaf numbers	平均叶长 A.L.B (cm)	出叶速度 L.EM.R (leaf·d^-1)	叶伸长速度 L.EL.R (cm·d^-1)	颖花数 N.S	穗重 P.W (g)
2N 5N 8N	99.6 100.7 103.9	109.5 109.7 110.9	74.1 69.1 68.9	17.2 18.0 19.2	29.6 30.2 30.1	0.173 0.179 0.185	5.11 5.40 5.56	219 240 248	5.77^bB 6.36^aAB 6.66^aA
2+3N 5+6N 8+9N	98.4 98.2 101.7	109.5 108.3 110.3	77.5 73.2 70.8	17.0 17.1 17.8	29.4 29.4 30.8	0.173 0.174 0.180	5.08 5.21 5.39	210 226 239	5.41^bB 5.97^aAB 6.40^aA
2-5N 4-7N 6-9N	97.9 99.3 100.7	108.5 108.3 109.1	73.1 72.1 74.9	16.1 16.5 17.3	27.9 28.0 29.1	0.114 0.116 0.172	4.59 4.67 5.00	193 201 214	5.10^bA 5.39^abA 5.70^aA