氮调控对盐环境下甜菜功能叶光系统II荧光特性的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用盆栽试验方法, 以NaCl为盐分模拟不同盐度环境, 研究了施氮(N)对盐环境下生长的甜菜(Beta vulgaris)功能叶光系统II (PSII)荧光特性的影响及光合色素含量的变化。结果表明: 在轻度、中度及重度盐环境下, 施N均能增大PSII最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、PSII潜在活性(F_v/F_o)、PSII实际光量子产量(Y(II))、非调节性能量耗散的量子产量(Y(NO))、相对电子传递速率(ETR)及光化学猝灭系数(q_P), 且在适宜的施N范围内(0-1.2 g·kg^-1)上述参数随施N量的增加而增大。各叶绿素荧光参数光响应的结果表明, 随着光强的增加, 各处理下调节性能量耗散的量子产量(Y(NPQ))、ETR及非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)呈上升趋势, 相反, Y(II)、Y(NO)及q_P则呈下降趋势, 在有效的光强范围内(0-1000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)施N提高了甜菜功能叶PSII反应中心的开放程度, 并且在高光强下调节PSII耗散掉过剩的光能以避免对其反应中心造成伤害。各盐度环境下施N也显著增加了甜菜功能叶叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量, 增大了叶绿素a/叶绿素b值, 且叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量随施N水平的增加而增加。说明盐环境下施N能够增强甜菜功能叶PSII的活性, 提高PSII光能利用率, 从而增强其对盐渍环境的适应性。

关键词: 甜菜, 叶绿素荧光, 氮素, 光合色素, 盐度

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to determine the effects of nitrogen regulation on photosystem II (PSII) chlorophyll fluorescence of functional leaves in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) under salt environment.
Methods Using potted sugar beet plants, different salt environments were produced with NaCl; nitrogen was produced with NH₄NO₃.
Important findings Maximal PSII quantum yield (F_v/F_m), and latent PSII quantum yield (F_v/F_o), effective PSII quantum yield (Y(II)), quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)), electron transport rate (ETR) and coefficient of photochemical quenching (q_P) were increased by nitrogen application under mild, moderate and high salt environments, and these parameters increased with increased nitrogen application. The results of rapid light-response curves of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)), ETR and coefficient of nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) increased with the increase of light intensity under every treatment. By contrast, Y(II), Y(NO) and q_P decreased with increased light intensity. Openness of PSII reaction centers of functional leaves in sugar beet were also improved in range of effective intensity (0-1000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) by nitrogen application, and PSII was adjusted to dissipate excess photon energy to protect the PSII reaction centers. Application of nitrogen could also increase the content of chlorophyll, carotenoid and ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b, and the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid were increased with the increase of nitrogen application under every salt environment. These results indicated that PSII activity and light-use efficiency could be improved by nitrogen application, and then the adaptability of sugar beet to salt environment was strengthened.

Key words: Beta vulgaris, chlorophyll fluorescence, nitrogen, photosynthetic pigments, salinity

尹海龙, 田长彦. 氮调控对盐环境下甜菜功能叶光系统II荧光特性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(2): 122-131. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00013

YIN Hai-Long, TIAN Chang-Yan. Effects of nitrogen regulation on photosystem II chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of functional leaves in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) under salt environment. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(2): 122-131. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00013

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00013

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2013/V37/I2/122

图/表 8

图1 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)与PSII潜在活性(Fv/Fo)的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。不同小写字母表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of different nitrogen levels on PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and PSII potential activity (Fv/Fo) of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD). Different small letters mean significant difference (p < 0.05).

图2 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片PSII实际光合量子产量(Y(II))的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 2 Effects of different nitrogen levels on effective PSII quantum yield (Y(II)) of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD). PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

图3 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片非调节性能量耗散量子产量(Y(NO))的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 3 Effects of different nitrogen levels on quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)) of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD). PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

图4 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片调节性能量耗散量子产量(Y(NPQ))的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 4 Effects of different nitrogen levels on quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)) of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD). PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

图5 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 5 Effects of different nitrogen levels on electron transport rate (ETR) of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD). PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

图6 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 6 Effects of different nitrogen levels on coefficient of nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD). PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

图7 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片光化学淬灭系数(qP)的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 7 Effects of different nitrogen levels on coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD). PAR, photosynthetically active radiation.

表1 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片光合色素含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 1 Effects of different nitrogen levels on photosynthetic pigments contents of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD)

处理 Treatment		叶绿素a含量 Chl a content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量 Chl b content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chl content (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素含量 Car Content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a / 叶绿素b Chl a/ Chl b
盐度 Salinity (g·kg^-1)	氮素 Nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	叶绿素a含量 Chl a content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量 Chl b content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chl content (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素含量 Car Content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a / 叶绿素b Chl a/ Chl b
2.5 (S₁)	0 (N₀)	0.494 ± 0.066^a	0.185 ± 0.032^a	0.678 ± 0.097^a	0.104 ± 0.015^a	2.688 ± 0.168^ab
	0.3 (N₁)	0.857 ± 0.139^b	0.255 ± 0.032^a	1.112 ± 0.171^b	0.184 ± 0.040^b	3.349 ± 0.169^d
	0.6 (N₂)	1.299 ± 0.171^c	0.396 ± 0.044^b	1.695 ± 0.216^c	0.264 ± 0.047^cd	3.273 ± 0.080^cd
	1.2 (N₃)	1.578 ± 0.164^d	0.480 ± 0.069^c	2.058 ± 0.233^d	0.303 ± 0.008^de	3.298 ± 0.134^cd
	2.4 (N₄)	1.582 ± 0.068^d	0.496 ± 0.024^c	2.079 ± 0.092^d	0.322 ± 0.033^e	3.189 ± 0.022^bcd
5.0 (S₂)	0 (N₀)	0.558 ± 0.144^a	0.242 ± 0.088^a	0.800 ± 0.159^a	0.117 ± 0.062^a	2.509 ± 0.952^a
	0.3 (N₁)	1.245 ± 0.074^c	0.392 ± 0.008^b	1.637 ± 0.082^c	0.239 ± 0.013^c	3.178 ± 0.123b^cd
	0.6 (N₂)	1.670 ± 0.221^d	0.518 ± 0.073^c	2.189 ± 0.295^d	0.321 ± 0.040^e	3.225 ± 0.033^cd
	1.2 (N₃)	1.744 ± 0.109^d	0.522 ± 0.041^c	2.266 ± 0.150^d	0.334 ± 0.031^e	3.342 ± 0.055^d
	2.4 (N₄)	1.728 ± 0.164^d	0.549 ± 0.050^c	2.278 ± 0.213^d	0.348 ± 0.018^e	3.147 ± 0.078^bcd
7.5 (S₃)	0 (N₀)	0.589 ± 0.060^a	0.211 ± 0.020^a	0.800 ± 0.079^a	0.133 ± 0.011^ab	2.792 ± 0.102^abc
	0.3 (N₁)	1.593 ± 0.157^d	0.509 ± 0.055^c	2.101 ± 0.211^d	0.334 ± 0.043^e	3.134 ± 0.084^bcd
	0.6 (N₂)	1.731 ± 0.059^d	0.524 ± 0.035^c	2.255 ± 0.085^d	0.349 ± 0.025^e	3.312 ± 0.176^cd
	1.2 (N₃)	1.741 ± 0.032^d	0.535 ± 0.028^c	2.276 ± 0.057^d	0.361 ± 0.02^e	3.256 ± 0.087^cd
	2.4 (N₄)	1.818 ± 0.109^d	0.554 ± 0.028^c	2.373 ± 0.137^d	0.361 ± 0.025^e	3.279 ± 0.032^cd

表1 不同氮素水平对盐环境下甜菜叶片光合色素含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 1 Effects of different nitrogen levels on photosynthetic pigments contents of sugar beet leaves under salt environment (mean ± SD)

处理 Treatment		叶绿素a含量 Chl a content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量 Chl b content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chl content (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素含量 Car Content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a / 叶绿素b Chl a/ Chl b
盐度 Salinity (g·kg^-1)	氮素 Nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	叶绿素a含量 Chl a content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量 Chl b content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chl content (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素含量 Car Content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a / 叶绿素b Chl a/ Chl b
2.5 (S₁)	0 (N₀)	0.494 ± 0.066^a	0.185 ± 0.032^a	0.678 ± 0.097^a	0.104 ± 0.015^a	2.688 ± 0.168^ab
	0.3 (N₁)	0.857 ± 0.139^b	0.255 ± 0.032^a	1.112 ± 0.171^b	0.184 ± 0.040^b	3.349 ± 0.169^d
	0.6 (N₂)	1.299 ± 0.171^c	0.396 ± 0.044^b	1.695 ± 0.216^c	0.264 ± 0.047^cd	3.273 ± 0.080^cd
	1.2 (N₃)	1.578 ± 0.164^d	0.480 ± 0.069^c	2.058 ± 0.233^d	0.303 ± 0.008^de	3.298 ± 0.134^cd
	2.4 (N₄)	1.582 ± 0.068^d	0.496 ± 0.024^c	2.079 ± 0.092^d	0.322 ± 0.033^e	3.189 ± 0.022^bcd
5.0 (S₂)	0 (N₀)	0.558 ± 0.144^a	0.242 ± 0.088^a	0.800 ± 0.159^a	0.117 ± 0.062^a	2.509 ± 0.952^a
	0.3 (N₁)	1.245 ± 0.074^c	0.392 ± 0.008^b	1.637 ± 0.082^c	0.239 ± 0.013^c	3.178 ± 0.123b^cd
	0.6 (N₂)	1.670 ± 0.221^d	0.518 ± 0.073^c	2.189 ± 0.295^d	0.321 ± 0.040^e	3.225 ± 0.033^cd
	1.2 (N₃)	1.744 ± 0.109^d	0.522 ± 0.041^c	2.266 ± 0.150^d	0.334 ± 0.031^e	3.342 ± 0.055^d
	2.4 (N₄)	1.728 ± 0.164^d	0.549 ± 0.050^c	2.278 ± 0.213^d	0.348 ± 0.018^e	3.147 ± 0.078^bcd
7.5 (S₃)	0 (N₀)	0.589 ± 0.060^a	0.211 ± 0.020^a	0.800 ± 0.079^a	0.133 ± 0.011^ab	2.792 ± 0.102^abc
	0.3 (N₁)	1.593 ± 0.157^d	0.509 ± 0.055^c	2.101 ± 0.211^d	0.334 ± 0.043^e	3.134 ± 0.084^bcd
	0.6 (N₂)	1.731 ± 0.059^d	0.524 ± 0.035^c	2.255 ± 0.085^d	0.349 ± 0.025^e	3.312 ± 0.176^cd
	1.2 (N₃)	1.741 ± 0.032^d	0.535 ± 0.028^c	2.276 ± 0.057^d	0.361 ± 0.02^e	3.256 ± 0.087^cd
	2.4 (N₄)	1.818 ± 0.109^d	0.554 ± 0.028^c	2.373 ± 0.137^d	0.361 ± 0.025^e	3.279 ± 0.032^cd

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