三种苔藓植物对模拟N沉降的生理响应

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

该文研究了华南地区常见的3种苔藓植物大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme)、刺边小金发藓拟刺亚种(Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum)和石地钱(Reboulia hemisphaerica)在模拟N沉降条件下碳氮代谢的响应特征, 探讨了N沉降对这3种苔藓植物生长的影响。结果表明: 3种植物对N沉降的响应存在差异。大灰藓在加氮浓度为0 ~ 60 kg N·hm^-2的范围内, 光合速率、淀粉、可溶性糖、总氮及可溶性蛋白的含量均随加氮浓度的升高而上升; 对照条件下NR(硝酸还原酶)可诱导活性很高, 表明其对氮的需求强烈; 膜K⁺渗漏在加氮浓度为20 kg N·hm^-2时高于对照, 但更高的加氮浓度下并未使其进一步上升。刺边小金发藓拟刺亚种在加氮浓度为0~40 kg N·hm^-2的范围内, 碳氮代谢的多数指标的变化趋势与大灰藓相似, 但当N沉降高于40 kg N·hm^-2时, 呈现相反的变化趋势; 在对照条件下具一定的NR可诱导活性, 但人工加氮使其可诱导活性急剧下降。石地钱的可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量在不同处理条件下变化不明显, 但光合速率和淀粉含量在加氮浓度为20和40 kg N·hm^-2时低于对照及加氮浓度为60 kg N·hm^-2时, 而植物总氮含量的变化趋势刚好相反; NR固有活性及可诱导活性在各种N处理条件下均极低, 显示其对NO₃^-利用率低。刺边小金发藓拟刺亚种和石地钱的膜K⁺渗漏仅在60 kg N·hm^-2处理时显著上升。

关键词: N沉降, 苔藓植物, 生理响应

Abstract:

Aims Increasing global N deposition will lead to severe damage to bryophytes due to their sensitivity to N deposition. Our objective is to examine the responses of three species of bryophytes, widely distributed in South China, to simulated N deposition.
Methods Four N addition treatments (Control, 20, 40 and 60 kg N·hm^-2) in three replicates were established for Reboulia hemisphaerica, Hypnum plumaeforme, and Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum. The N additions were divided into four applications.
Important findings With N addition treatments in the range of 0-60 kg N·hm ^-2 for H. plumaeforme, photosynthesis, concentrations of starch, soluble sugars, total N and soluble proteins all increased with increasing N addition. Inducible nitrate reductase activity (NRA) of H. plumaeforme at control conditions was very high, indicating its N-limited situation. K ⁺ leakage of H. plumaeforme increased at 20 kg N·hm ^-2 treatment, but did not further increase at higher N addition concentrations. Most of the physiological indices of P. cirratum subsp. fuscatum showed similar trends within an N treatment of 0-40 kg N·hm ^-2, but showed opposite trends at >40 kg N·hm ^-2. Inducible NRA of P. cirratum subsp. fuscatum at the control condition was 2.20 µg N·g ^-1 FW·h^-1, but decreased dramatically when treated with N. Its K⁺ leakage only increased significantly at the 60 kg N·hm^-2 N addition treatment. Soluble sugars and soluble proteins of R. hemisphaerica were not significantly different at different N treatments, but photosynthesis and the starch concentration were lower at 20 and 40 kg N·hm ^-2treatments than at control and 60 kg N·hm^-2 treatments, while the total N concentration changed inversely. The inducible and constituted NRA of R. hemisphaerica were both very low for all treatments, indicating its restricted ability to utilize nitrates. K ⁺ leakage of R. hemisphaerica increased significantly only at an N addition of 60 kg N·hm ^-2.

Key words: nitrogen deposition, bryophytes, physiological response

刘滨扬, 刘蔚秋, 雷纯义, 张以顺. 三种苔藓植物对模拟N沉降的生理响应. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(1): 141-149. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.016

LIU Bin-Yang, LIU Wei-Qiu, LEI Chun-Yi, ZHANG Yi-Shun. PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF THREE BRYOPHYTE SPECIES OF SOUTH CHINA TO SIMULATED NITROGEN DEPOSITION. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(1): 141-149. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.016

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图/表 4

参考文献 42

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氮处理浓度 N treatments (kg N·hm^-2)	光合速率 P_n (nmol·s^-1·g^-1 FW)	淀粉 Starch (mg·g^-1 FW)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1 FW)	总氮 Total N (mg·g^-1 DW)	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein (mg·g^-1 FW)
大灰藓 Hypnum plumaeforme
0	21.87±0.84^a	19.23±2.28^a	9.93±0.68^a	9.09±2.15^a	2.71±0.14^a
20	27.68±2.59^b	23.96±1.45^b	12.07±0.99^b	17.89±1.14^b	3.53±0.02^b
40	41.44±2.10^c	28.28±1.22^c	13.8±0.09^c	20.45±0.79^c	3.84±0.07^c
60	45.61±2.96^d	32.38±0.85^d	15.09±0.51^d	24.22±0.53^d	3.89±0.13^c
刺边小金发藓拟刺亚种 Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum
0	37.71±1.96^a	36.72±1.68^a	19.13±1.11^a	8.97±1.13^a	2.69±0.08^a
20	41.36±1.94^b	44.42±2.03^b	15.41±1.02^b	10.82±0.49^b	2.88±0.06^b
40	43.32±1.61^c	52.32±2.25^c	12.83±1.1^c	15.5±1.37^c	3.08±0.15^c
60	37.03±1.44^a	39.78±0.97^a	15.35±0.28^b	13.13±0.44^d	3.08±0.08^c
石地钱 Reboulia hemisphaerica
0	20.79±1.18^a	19.28±1.14^a	5.56±0.77	15.43±2.91^a	3.09±0.19
20	15.88±1.51^b	16.65±0.55^b	4.78±0.78	27.78±1.15^b	3.16±0.15
40	15.81±2.29^b	14.55±1.05^c	5.16±0.35	29.4±1.51^b	3.19±0.11
60	22.11±0.54^a	18.48±0.11^a	6.37±0.66	22.84±2.13^c	3.3±0.19

氮处理浓度 N treatments (kg N·hm^-2)	光合速率 P_n (nmol·s^-1·g^-1 FW)	淀粉 Starch (mg·g^-1 FW)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (mg·g^-1 FW)	总氮 Total N (mg·g^-1 DW)	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein (mg·g^-1 FW)
大灰藓 Hypnum plumaeforme
0	21.87±0.84^a	19.23±2.28^a	9.93±0.68^a	9.09±2.15^a	2.71±0.14^a
20	27.68±2.59^b	23.96±1.45^b	12.07±0.99^b	17.89±1.14^b	3.53±0.02^b
40	41.44±2.10^c	28.28±1.22^c	13.8±0.09^c	20.45±0.79^c	3.84±0.07^c
60	45.61±2.96^d	32.38±0.85^d	15.09±0.51^d	24.22±0.53^d	3.89±0.13^c
刺边小金发藓拟刺亚种 Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum
0	37.71±1.96^a	36.72±1.68^a	19.13±1.11^a	8.97±1.13^a	2.69±0.08^a
20	41.36±1.94^b	44.42±2.03^b	15.41±1.02^b	10.82±0.49^b	2.88±0.06^b
40	43.32±1.61^c	52.32±2.25^c	12.83±1.1^c	15.5±1.37^c	3.08±0.15^c
60	37.03±1.44^a	39.78±0.97^a	15.35±0.28^b	13.13±0.44^d	3.08±0.08^c
石地钱 Reboulia hemisphaerica
0	20.79±1.18^a	19.28±1.14^a	5.56±0.77	15.43±2.91^a	3.09±0.19
20	15.88±1.51^b	16.65±0.55^b	4.78±0.78	27.78±1.15^b	3.16±0.15
40	15.81±2.29^b	14.55±1.05^c	5.16±0.35	29.4±1.51^b	3.19±0.11
60	22.11±0.54^a	18.48±0.11^a	6.37±0.66	22.84±2.13^c	3.3±0.19

加氮浓度 N treatments (kg N·hm^-2)	硝酸还原酶活性 NRA (μg N·g^-1FW·h^-1)
加氮浓度 N treatments (kg N·hm^-2)	绝对活性 Constitutive activity	可诱导活性 Inducible activity
大灰藓 Hypnum plumaeforme
0	4.42±0.50^a	14.88±1.79^a
20	1.08±0.13^b	1.74±0.09^b
40	0.83±0.06^b	0.00±0.00^bc
60	0.86±0.07^b	-0.43±0.15^c
刺边小金发藓拟刺亚种 Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum
0	3.09±0.78^a	2.20±0.49^a
20	1.45±0.08^b	0.13±0.09^b
40	0.69±0.06^c	-0.28±0.14^bc
60	0.63±0.04^c	-0.59±0.05^c
石地钱 Reboulia hemisphaerica
0	0.64±0.10	0.47±0.14^a
20	0.51±0.08	0.11±0.03^b
40	0.44±0.19	-0.02±0.04^b
60	0.57±0.10	-0.2±0.23^c

加氮浓度 N treatments (kg N·hm^-2)	硝酸还原酶活性 NRA (μg N·g^-1FW·h^-1)
加氮浓度 N treatments (kg N·hm^-2)	绝对活性 Constitutive activity	可诱导活性 Inducible activity
大灰藓 Hypnum plumaeforme
0	4.42±0.50^a	14.88±1.79^a
20	1.08±0.13^b	1.74±0.09^b
40	0.83±0.06^b	0.00±0.00^bc
60	0.86±0.07^b	-0.43±0.15^c
刺边小金发藓拟刺亚种 Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum
0	3.09±0.78^a	2.20±0.49^a
20	1.45±0.08^b	0.13±0.09^b
40	0.69±0.06^c	-0.28±0.14^bc
60	0.63±0.04^c	-0.59±0.05^c
石地钱 Reboulia hemisphaerica
0	0.64±0.10	0.47±0.14^a
20	0.51±0.08	0.11±0.03^b
40	0.44±0.19	-0.02±0.04^b
60	0.57±0.10	-0.2±0.23^c