长白山阔叶红松林皆伐迹地土壤呼吸作用

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0043

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用静态箱式法测量长白山阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林伐后13年的皆伐迹地土壤呼吸作用。分析表明,皆伐迹地土壤呼吸作用日变化趋势呈单峰曲线,峰谷值出现时间较林地提前2~4 h,与土壤5 cm深度温度变化趋势基本一致。整个生长季节皆伐迹地土壤呼吸速率约为林地的75%,土壤温度与土壤呼吸作用存在显著的指数关系。在降水量集中的生长季,土壤水分对土壤呼吸作用具有一定的抑制作用,利用温度和水分双因子模型可以较好地解释皆伐迹地土壤呼吸作用的变异。阔叶红松林皆伐后生物量减少和微环境变化是造成土壤呼吸作用强度和动态特征发生变化的重要原因。

关键词: 阔叶红松林, 皆伐迹地, 土壤呼吸作用, 温度, 土壤水分

Abstract:

Aims Soil respiration is the second largest flux in the global carbon cycle. Human activity, especially forest cutting, had brought a lot release of soil carbon. But the effect of forest clear-cutting on soil respiration was not inadequately understood. We chose Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain as the case study area. Our aim is to compare soil respiration in clear-cut fields with that in natural Korean pine forests, and to reveal the effects of clear-cut on the density and pattern of soil respiration.
Methods During the growing seasons from 2003 to 2005, soil respiration was measured by a closed static chamber system in the clear-cut fields and Korean pine forests in Changbai Mountain. Soil temperature and moisture during the upper layers were observed by geothermometer and TDR system.
Important findings The results showed that diurnal variation of soil respiration at clear-cut plot could be expressed as single peak curve, and the times of the maximum and the minimum soil respiration values appeared 2-4 hours earlier than those in forest plot, which consisted with that of soil temperature at 5 cm depth. Soil respiration rate at forest plot was higher with the proportion of 75% than that in clear-cut plot during the growing season. Soil temperature had a significant exponential relationship with soil respiration. Soil water may have negative effect on soil respiration during the growing season with high frequency precipitations. The soil respiration model including the effects of soil water and temperature could explain soil respiration variation much better than temperature-based soil respiration model. The management of clear-cut forest had obvious effect on the dynamic characteristics and intensity of soil respiration due to the decrease in biomass and the change in microclimate in Korean pine forest.

Key words: broad-leaved Korean pine forest, clear-cut, soil respiration, temperature, soil water content

王旭, 周广胜, 蒋延玲, 曹铭昌, 曾伟, 宋健. 长白山阔叶红松林皆伐迹地土壤呼吸作用. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(3): 355-362. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0043

WANG Xu, ZHOU Guang-Sheng, JIANG Yan-Ling, CAO Ming-Chang, ZENG Wei, SONG Jian. SOIL RESPIRATION IN A CLERA-CUT BROAD-LEAVED KOREAN PINE FOREST OF CAHNGBAI MOUNTAIN. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(3): 355-362. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0043

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2007.0043

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2007/V31/I3/355

图/表 8

表1 试验地概况

Table 1 Characteristics of the experimental fields

主要因子 Important factor	阔叶红松林 Broad-leaved Korean pine forest	皆伐迹地 Clear-cut field
主要优势植物种类 Dominant plant species	红松(Pinus koraiensis)、水曲柳(Fraximus mandshurica)、糠椴(Tilia mandshurica)	春榆(Ulmus davidiana)、大青杨(Populus ussuriensis)、柳属(Salix)
地上生物量Aboveground biomass (10³ kg·hm^-2)	287.2 (徐振邦,1985)
凋落物量 Litter mass (g·m^-2)	1 106.6	1 103.3
地下生物量 Belowground biomass (g·m^-2)	1 798.1	751.9
土壤容重 Bulk density (g·m^-3)	0.639	0.496
土壤有机碳 Organic C (mg·g^-1)	125.62	172.38
土壤全氮 Total N (mg·g^-1)	10.56	14.38
碳氮比 C:N proportion	11.01	10.67
土壤pH值 Soil pH value	4.91	5.13

图1 阔叶红松林和皆伐迹地与裸地土壤温度比较

Fig.1 Comparison of soil temperatures among the experimental plots (Korean pine forest and clear-cut field) and bald field

图2 阔叶红松林与皆伐迹地土壤水分含量比较

Fig.2 Comparison of soil water contents between Korean pine forest and clear-cut field

图3 皆伐迹地与阔叶红松林土壤呼吸作用日变化

Fig.3 Diurnal variations of soil respiration rates at clear-cut field and Korean pine forest plots

图4 24 h土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度关系

Fig.4 Relationships between soil respiration rate and soil temperature during 24 hours a: 皆伐迹地 Clear-cut field b: 阔叶红松林 Korean pine forest

图5 皆伐迹地与阔叶红松林土壤呼吸作用季节变化

Fig.5 Seasonal variations of clear-cut field and Korean pine forest

图6 土壤呼吸作用与温度的关系

Fig.6 Relationships between soil respiration and soil temperature

图7 土壤呼吸作用与土壤水分关系

Fig.7 Relationships between soil respiration and soil water content Q1: 阔叶红松林地土壤呼吸 Korean pine forest soil respiration Q2: 皆伐地土壤呼吸Clear-cut field soil respiration W: 土壤水分体积含量 Soil volumetric water content

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