不同土壤中水分胁迫和AM真菌对油蒿抗旱性的影响

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用两种不同土壤研究了水分胁迫和接种AM真菌(摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)和油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)根际土著AM真菌)对毛乌素沙地重要演替物种油蒿生长和抗旱性的影响。结果表明, 两种土壤中水分胁迫没有显著影响油蒿的植株形态和含水量, 但严重抑制了菌根侵染率。水分胁迫促使油蒿提高叶片保水能力, 抑制N、P在地上部的分配。在胁迫前期SOD活性较高, 而POD活性在后期较高。同一水分条件下接种AM真菌显著提高了AM真菌侵染率, 土壤中孢子数显著增多, 提高了植株分枝数并促进侧根发育, 显著提高根冠比和植株保水能力, 加强了根系对全磷、全氮的吸收。接种AM真菌的植株可溶性糖和丙二醛含量较低, 可溶性蛋白含量无显著变化, SOD和POD活性提高, 油蒿抗旱性加强。水分胁迫下在不同土壤中接种不同AM真菌对油蒿的促进效应差异较大, 接种土著AM真菌的效果优于摩西球囊霉单一接种。干旱导致菌根侵染率下降是宿主植物吸水能力下降的原因之一, 在植物生长前期接种AM真菌可以增强植物抵抗生长中后期环境干旱的能力。

关键词: AM真菌, 水分胁迫, 抗旱性, 油蒿, 土壤

Abstract:

Aims Artemisia ordosica is important in vegetation succession in the Mu Us sandland of China. Little is known about the effects of AM fungi and water stress on A. ordosica under non-sterilized soil conditions. Our objective is to explore the effects of AM fungal colonization on growth and drought resistance ofA. ordosica.

Methods Glomus mosseae inoculums and the indigenous AM fungi in the rhizosphere of A. Ordosica were selected to study the effects of AM fungal colonization on growth and drought resistance ofA. ordosica. We used non-sterilized soil with two water contents: 75%-85% and 35%-45% of field moisture capacity.

Important findings Plant morphology and water content were not significantly affected by drought stress, but AM fungal colonization was seriously decreased. Leaf water retention capacity increased under water stress and the allocation of nitrogen and phosphorus to shoots was limited. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was relatively higher in the early stage of stress, and the activity of peroxidase (POD) was relatively higher in the later stage. AM fungal colonization percent and spore numbers were enhanced under the same water condition. Branch numbers and development of lateral roots, root/shoot ratio, water retention capacity, absorption of phosphorus and nutrients in roots were all improved by AM fungal colonization. Under AM fungal colonization, the contents of soluble sugar and malondialdehyde (MDA) were low, the soluble protein content did not change greatly and the activity of SOD and POD was improved. Therefore, drought resistance of A. ordosica was strengthened. There was a large discrepancy of promotion effects on A. ordosica under different soil conditions and AM fungal colonization. The effects of indigenous AM fungal colonization were better than the G. mosseae single colonization. Decline of AM infection rates might contribute to decreased plant water absorption capacity, and AM fungal colonization in the early stage of plant growth can improve the capacity for resistance to environmental drought stress at the middle-late growth stage.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, water stress, drought resistance, Artemisia ordosica, soil

贺学礼, 张焕仕, 赵丽莉. 不同土壤中水分胁迫和AM真菌对油蒿抗旱性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(5): 994-1001. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.05.003

HE Xue-Li, ZHANG Huan-Shi, ZHAO Li-Li. EFFECTS OF AM FUNGI AND WATER STRESS ON DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF ARTEMISIA ORDOSICA IN DIFFERENT SOILS. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(5): 994-1001. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.05.003

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.05.003

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2008/V32/I5/994

图/表 5

参考文献 19

[1]	Allen EB, Allen MF (1984). Competition between plants of different successional stages: mycorrhizae as regulators. Canadian Journal of Botany, 62,2625-2629.
[2]	Ames RN, Reid CPP, Porter LK, Cambaradella C (1983). Hyphal uptake and transport of nitrogen from two 15N-labelled sources by Glomus mosseae, a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. New Phytologist, 95,381-396.
[3]	Dong XJ (董学军), Zhang XS (张新时), Yang BZ (杨宝珍) (1997). A preliminary study on the water balance for some sandland shrubs based on transpiration measurements in field conditions. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 21,208-225. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	Gao JF (高俊风) (2000). Experimental Technology of Plant Physiology (植物生理学实验技术). Xi’an World Publishing Corporation,Xi’an. (in Chinese ).
[5]	Gong JR (龚吉蕊), Zhao AF (赵爱芬), Zhang LX (张立新), Zhang XS (张新时) (2004). A comparative study on anti-oxidative ability of several desert plants under drought stress. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica(西北植物学报), 24,1570-1577. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	Li XL (李晓林), Yao Q (姚青) (2000). A mycorrhizal and mineral nutrition of plant. Progress in Natural Science (自然科学进展), 10,524-531. (in Chinese)
[7]	Liu JX (刘建新), Wang X (王鑫), Wang FQ (王凤琴) (2005). Effect of water stress on osmotic adjustment and activity of protective enzymesin alfalfa seedlings. Pratacultural Science(草业科学), 22,18-21. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	Liu RJ (刘润进), Li XL (李晓林) (2000). Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Application(丛枝菌根真菌及其应用). Science Press, Beijing, 1-45. (in Chinese)
[9]	Lu RK (鲁如坤) (1998). Agricultural and Chemical Aralysis Method for Soil(土壤农业化学分析方法). Chinese Science and Technology Press,Beijing. (in Chinese)
[10]	Phillips JM, Hayman DS (1970). Improved procedure for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 55,158-161.
[11]	Ruiz-Lozano JM, Azcon R, Gomez M (1995). Effects of arbuscular-mycorrhizal glomus species on drought tolerance. Physiological and Nutritional Plant Responses, 61,456-460.
[12]	Sylvia DM, Wilson DO, Graham JM, Maddox JJ, Millner P, Morton JB, Skipper HD, Wright SF, Jarfster A (1993). Evaluation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in diverse plants and soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 25,705-713.
[13]	Wang HZ (王海珍), Liang ZS (梁宗锁), Han RL (韩蕊莲), Han L (韩路) (2004). Effect of soil water stress on water metabolism and osmotic adjustment substance of native tree species of Loess Plateau. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 24,1822-1827. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	Zhang HS (张焕仕), He XL (贺学礼) (2007). Effect of AM fungi on the protective system in leaves of Artemisia ordosica under drought stress. Biotechnology Bulletin (生物技术通报), 3,129-133. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	Zhang JS (张继澍) (2005). Plant Physiology (植物生理学). Higher Education Press,Beijing. (in Chinese)
[16]	Zhang XS (张新时) (1994). Principles and optimal models for development of Maowusu sandy grassland. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 18,1-16. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]	Zhao JL (赵金莉), He XL (贺学礼) (2007). Studies on spacial distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizospheres of Artemisia ordosica in Mu Us sandland. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei(河北农业大学学报), 30,74-78.. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	Zhao PJ (赵平娟), An F (安峰), Tang M (唐明) (2007). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on drought resistance of Forsythia suspensa. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报), 27,396-399. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Zhao WZ (赵文智), Cheng GD (程国栋) (2001). Mycorrhizae and its application in desertification land restoration. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报), 12,947-950. (in Chinese with English abstract)

土壤来源 Soil origion	pH	速效氮 Available N (μg?g^-1)	速效磷Available P (μg?g^-1)	速效钾Available K (μg?g^-1)	有机质 Organic Matter (g?kg^-1)	孢子数 Spore number (No.? 100g^-1soil)	田间持水量Field moisture capacity (%)
研究站Research station	7.94	18.32	4.51	63.37	1.39	1 604	26.2
榆林 Yulin	7.81	22.83	7.35	84.11	1.88	1 441	22.9

土壤来源 Soil origion	pH	速效氮 Available N (μg?g^-1)	速效磷Available P (μg?g^-1)	速效钾Available K (μg?g^-1)	有机质 Organic Matter (g?kg^-1)	孢子数 Spore number (No.? 100g^-1soil)	田间持水量Field moisture capacity (%)
研究站Research station	7.94	18.32	4.51	63.37	1.39	1 604	26.2
榆林 Yulin	7.81	22.83	7.35	84.11	1.88	1 441	22.9

处理 Treatments			分枝数 Branch number	地上部干重 Shoot dry weight (g)	主根长 Main root length (cm)	主根干重Main root dry weight (g)	侧根干重 Lateral root dry weight (g)	根冠比Root/shoot ratio	侵染率Infection rate (%)	孢子数 Spore number
A	WW	IAMF	16.2^a	1.34^c	14.03^a	0.380^ab	0.311^d	0.521^b	90.0^a	4 466.7^a
		GM	12.6^b	1.35^c	13.29^a	0.389^ab	0.448^b	0.635^a	70.0^b	2 361.5^c
		CK	11.7^bc	1.92^a	13.60^a	0.364^c	0.478^a	0.442^c	90.0^a	2 166.5^d
	WS	IAMF	12.3^b	1.57^ab	14.09^a	0.379^ab	0.448^b	0.530^b	73.3^b	3 250.0^b
		GM	12.7^b	1.51^b	14.58^a	0.406^a	0.427^bc	0.558^b	66.7^b	2 506.7^c
		CK	10.7^c	1.33^c	13.72^a	0.328^d	0.414^c	0.572^ab	60.0^c	2 963.3^c
B	WW	IAMF	11.6^b	1.70^b	12.61^b	0.428^a	0.452^c	0.645^a	53.3^a	4 526.5^b
		GM	14.2^a	2.08^ab	15.01^a	0.411^b	0.564^a	0.475^c	53.3^a	6 148.3^ab
		CK	12.9^b	2.50^a	15.12^a	0.398^c	0.538^b	0.528^b	46.7^b	903.5^d
	WS	IAMF	13.4^ab	1.96^ab	14.44^a	0.352^d	0.536^b	0.460^c	36.7^c	1 890.0^c
		GM	13.1^ab	2.05^ab	15.00^a	0.354^d	0.412^d	0.378^d	33.3^c	9 400.0^a
		CK	14.0^a	2.09^ab	13.00^b	0.349^d	0.449^c	0.393^d	23.3^d	3 870.5^b

处理 Treatments			分枝数 Branch number	地上部干重 Shoot dry weight (g)	主根长 Main root length (cm)	主根干重Main root dry weight (g)	侧根干重 Lateral root dry weight (g)	根冠比Root/shoot ratio	侵染率Infection rate (%)	孢子数 Spore number
A	WW	IAMF	16.2^a	1.34^c	14.03^a	0.380^ab	0.311^d	0.521^b	90.0^a	4 466.7^a
		GM	12.6^b	1.35^c	13.29^a	0.389^ab	0.448^b	0.635^a	70.0^b	2 361.5^c
		CK	11.7^bc	1.92^a	13.60^a	0.364^c	0.478^a	0.442^c	90.0^a	2 166.5^d
	WS	IAMF	12.3^b	1.57^ab	14.09^a	0.379^ab	0.448^b	0.530^b	73.3^b	3 250.0^b
		GM	12.7^b	1.51^b	14.58^a	0.406^a	0.427^bc	0.558^b	66.7^b	2 506.7^c
		CK	10.7^c	1.33^c	13.72^a	0.328^d	0.414^c	0.572^ab	60.0^c	2 963.3^c
B	WW	IAMF	11.6^b	1.70^b	12.61^b	0.428^a	0.452^c	0.645^a	53.3^a	4 526.5^b
		GM	14.2^a	2.08^ab	15.01^a	0.411^b	0.564^a	0.475^c	53.3^a	6 148.3^ab
		CK	12.9^b	2.50^a	15.12^a	0.398^c	0.538^b	0.528^b	46.7^b	903.5^d
	WS	IAMF	13.4^ab	1.96^ab	14.44^a	0.352^d	0.536^b	0.460^c	36.7^c	1 890.0^c
		GM	13.1^ab	2.05^ab	15.00^a	0.354^d	0.412^d	0.378^d	33.3^c	9 400.0^a
		CK	14.0^a	2.09^ab	13.00^b	0.349^d	0.449^c	0.393^d	23.3^d	3 870.5^b

处理 Treatments			地上部含水量 Water content of shoot (%)	主根含水量 Water content of main root (%)	侧根含水量 Water content of lateral root (%)	地上部 Shoot		根部 Root
处理 Treatments			地上部含水量 Water content of shoot (%)	主根含水量 Water content of main root (%)	侧根含水量 Water content of lateral root (%)	全P Total P (%)	全N Total N (%)	全P Total P (%)	全N Total N (%)
A	WW	IAMF	55.26^b	59.99^a	69.13^ab	0.079^a	0.76^d	0.097^b	0.461^b
		GM	66.55^a	59.43^a	71.47^a	0.059^b	1.29^b	0.136^a	0.236^c
		CK	55.01^b	57.49^b	68.29^c	0.078^a	1.02^c	0.070^c	0.642^a
	WS	IAMF	54.28^bc	55.96^c	68.89^bc	0.058^b	1.16^bc	0.072^c	0.375^bc
		GM	56.07^b	57.12^b	69.98^ab	0.064^b	1.01^c	0.065^cd	0.697^a
		CK	53.99^c	59.84^a	69.13^ab	0.062^b	1.56^a	0.060^d	0.549^ab
B	WW	IAMF	58.59^a	57.50^b	68.21^b	0.088^a	1.83^a	0.095^b	0.86^a
		GM	56.14^c	66.44^a	69.06^ab	0.105^a	1.65^a	0.096^b	0.50^b
		CK	56.04^c	34.09^d	64.36^d	0.095^a	0.54^d	0.116^a	0.48^b
	WS	IAMF	57.32^bc	56.16^b	69.47^a	0.060^b	1.22^b	0.114^a	0.70^a
		GM	58.28^ab	56.90^b	68.11^bc	0.076^b	0.97^c	0.115^a	0.41^bc
		CK	56.39^bc	49.14^c	67.03^c	0.075^b	0.34^d	0.098^b	0.32^c