湖北三峡大老岭自然保护区光叶水青冈群落种子雨10年观测: 种子雨密度、物种构成及其与群落的关系

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00708

植物生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 708-716.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00708

湖北三峡大老岭自然保护区光叶水青冈群落种子雨10年观测: 种子雨密度、物种构成及其与群落的关系

许玥¹, 沈泽昊¹^,^*(), 吕楠¹^,², 唐圆圆¹^,³, 李道新⁴, 王功芳⁴, 谭家林⁴, 刘益平⁴

¹北京大学城市与环境学院, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
²中国科学院生态环境中心, 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
³香港大学土木工程系, 香港九龙
⁴湖北三峡大老岭自然保护区, 湖北宜昌 443000

收稿日期:2011-10-17 接受日期:2012-02-04 出版日期:2012-10-17 发布日期:2012-08-21
通讯作者: 沈泽昊
作者简介:* (E-mail: shzh@pku.edu.cn)

Ten years’ observation of seed rain in a Fagus lucida community in Dalaoling Nature Reserve in the Three Gorges: seed rain density, species composition and their correlation with the community

XU Yue¹, SHEN Ze-Hao¹^,^*(), LÜ Nan¹^,², TANG Yuan-Yuan¹^,³, LI Dao-Xin⁴, WANG Gong-Fang⁴, TAN Jia-Lin⁴, LIU Yi-Ping⁴

¹Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
²State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100875, China
³Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
⁴Dalaoling Natural Reserve at the Three Gorges, Hubei Province, Yichang, Hubei 443000, China

Received:2011-10-17 Accepted:2012-02-04 Online:2012-10-17 Published:2012-08-21
Contact: SHEN Ze-Hao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

种子雨是植物种子扩散的起点, 对群落更新及种群动态起着关键作用。该文以三峡大老岭自然保护区内一片面积为1.3 hm ²的光叶水青冈(Fagus lucida)群落固定样地为研究对象, 运用分层随机设计, 在10个不同的地形部位放置了100个种子雨收集框, 自2001年起进行种子雨观测, 对该群落种子雨的数量与物种多样性的年际动态、种子雨和群落物种构成的关系等进行了统计分析。结果表明: 1)过去10年间, 共收集到来自48种木本植物的60 926粒种子, 种子雨的多年平均密度为(82.9 ± 61.5) seeds·m^-2·a^-1(mean ± SD), 平均物种丰富度为(16.7 ± 5.5) species·a^-1(mean ± SD)。2)种子生产的种间差异极为显著, 种子量排名前三的植物贡献了累计种子雨总量的70%。3)群落种子雨的密度和物种丰富度在10年中基本同步, 均呈现显著的周期性波动, 并出现了3个大年。乔木和灌木种子雨密度的年际波动无显著相关性, 但物种数变化显著正相关; 4)种子雨与样地群落共有种为23种, 分别占种子雨和群落中木本植物种数的47.92%和54.76%, 但这些共有种贡献了种子总量的96.22%, 表明扩散限制在研究群落中十分显著。与国内其他森林群落种子雨研究结果相比, 该研究群落的种子雨密度明显较低。

关键词: 光叶水青冈群落, 年际变化, 种子雨, 种子雨密度, 物种构成, 木本植物

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to analyze the temporal dynamics of the number and species composition of the seed rain of a Fagus lucida community and determine the relationship of species composition between seed rain and the community.
Methods For ten years, we studied the seed rain in a 1.3 hm² plot in the Dalaoling Nature Reserve of the Three Gorges Region, using 100 seed traps at ten different topographic positions.
Important findings A total of 60 926 seeds from 48 woody species fell into the traps, the average seed rain density was (82.9 ± 61.5) seeds·m^-2·a^-1(mean ± SD) and the average species number was 16.7 ± 5.5 (mean ± SD) per year. The interspecific difference of seed production was striking, with the top three species having contributed 70% of the total seeds. The interannual variation of seed rain density and species richness was synchronic, both revealed periodic fluctuations including three mast years. There was no correlation of seed rain density between trees and shrubs, but a significant positive correlation was found in species richness of these two life forms. There were 23 woody species shared by the seed rain and the community, accounting for 47.92% of the species richness in seeds and 54.76% in the community. However, the 23 species contributed 96.22% of the total seed rain, indicating that dispersal limitation occurred in this community. Compared with other forest community types in China, the seed rain density of this community is significantly lower.

Key words: Fagus lucida community, interannual variability, seed rain, seed rain density, species composition, woody plant

许玥, 沈泽昊, 吕楠, 唐圆圆, 李道新, 王功芳, 谭家林, 刘益平. 湖北三峡大老岭自然保护区光叶水青冈群落种子雨10年观测: 种子雨密度、物种构成及其与群落的关系. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(8): 708-716. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00708

XU Yue, SHEN Ze-Hao, LÜ Nan, TANG Yuan-Yuan, LI Dao-Xin, WANG Gong-Fang, TAN Jia-Lin, LIU Yi-Ping. Ten years’ observation of seed rain in a Fagus lucida community in Dalaoling Nature Reserve in the Three Gorges: seed rain density, species composition and their correlation with the community. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(8): 708-716. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00708

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00708

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I8/708

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参考文献 44

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种名 Species name	种子量 Seed number	占总量百分数 Percentage of the total (%)	重要值 Importance value
美丽马醉木 Pieris formosa¹⁾	21 780	35.748	5.70
光叶水青冈 Fagus lucida¹⁾	10 674	17.520	31.40
楤木 Aralia chinensis¹⁾	10 185	16.717
吴茱萸五加 Acanthopanax evodiaefolius¹⁾	4 445	7.296	4.76
灯台树 Bothrocaryum controversum¹⁾	3 500	5.745	2.11
石灰花楸 Sorbus folgneri¹⁾	3 172	5.206	5.71
雷公鹅耳枥 Carpinus viminea¹⁾	2 730	4.481	2.93
短柄枹栎 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata¹⁾	1 065	1.748	4.39
川鄂山茱萸 Cornus chinensis¹⁾	622	1.021
青钱柳 Cyclocarya paliurus	424	0.696
细枝柃 Eurya loquaiana	420	0.689
毛肋杜鹃 Rhododendron augustinii¹⁾	336	0.551
茅栗 Castanea seguinii¹⁾	218	0.358	2.38
四照花 Dendrobenthamia japonica¹⁾	162	0.266	3.99
华中五味子 Schisandra sphenanthera	159	0.261
小果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia var. elliptica¹⁾			4.06
青椆 Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia			3.04
华中山柳 Clethra fargesii			3.01
微毛樱桃 Cerasus clarofolia			2.38
宜昌木姜子 Litsea ichangensis			1.98
华中樱桃 Cerasus conradinae			1.40

种名 Species name	种子量 Seed number	占总量百分数 Percentage of the total (%)	重要值 Importance value
美丽马醉木 Pieris formosa¹⁾	21 780	35.748	5.70
光叶水青冈 Fagus lucida¹⁾	10 674	17.520	31.40
楤木 Aralia chinensis¹⁾	10 185	16.717
吴茱萸五加 Acanthopanax evodiaefolius¹⁾	4 445	7.296	4.76
灯台树 Bothrocaryum controversum¹⁾	3 500	5.745	2.11
石灰花楸 Sorbus folgneri¹⁾	3 172	5.206	5.71
雷公鹅耳枥 Carpinus viminea¹⁾	2 730	4.481	2.93
短柄枹栎 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata¹⁾	1 065	1.748	4.39
川鄂山茱萸 Cornus chinensis¹⁾	622	1.021
青钱柳 Cyclocarya paliurus	424	0.696
细枝柃 Eurya loquaiana	420	0.689
毛肋杜鹃 Rhododendron augustinii¹⁾	336	0.551
茅栗 Castanea seguinii¹⁾	218	0.358	2.38
四照花 Dendrobenthamia japonica¹⁾	162	0.266	3.99
华中五味子 Schisandra sphenanthera	159	0.261
小果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia var. elliptica¹⁾			4.06
青椆 Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia			3.04
华中山柳 Clethra fargesii			3.01
微毛樱桃 Cerasus clarofolia			2.38
宜昌木姜子 Litsea ichangensis			1.98
华中樱桃 Cerasus conradinae			1.40

年份 Year	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	总计 Total
物种构成相似性 Similarity of species composition	0.39	0.33	0.12	0.43	0.32	0.39	0.48	0.29	0.32	0.24	0.51
共有种子百分数(%) Percentage of shared seeds (%)	79.75	98.19	30.34	91.52	97.42	97.97	97.25	97.49	99.65	99.70	96.22

年份 Year	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	总计 Total
物种构成相似性 Similarity of species composition	0.39	0.33	0.12	0.43	0.32	0.39	0.48	0.29	0.32	0.24	0.51
共有种子百分数(%) Percentage of shared seeds (%)	79.75	98.19	30.34	91.52	97.42	97.97	97.25	97.49	99.65	99.70	96.22

植物 Plant species	生活型 Life form	高度 Height (m)	果实类型及所含种子数量 Fruit type and seed number per fruit	果实成熟期 Fructescence	样方内株数 Tree numbers in the plot
黄丹木姜子 Litsea elongata	常绿灌木 Evergreen shrub	3-12	浆果状核果, 1粒 Berrylike drupe with one seed per fruit	2-6月 Feb. to June	1
微毛樱桃 Cerasus clarofolia	落叶小乔木 Deciduous small tree	5-13	核果, 1粒 Drupe with one seed per fruit	6-8月 June to Aug.	5
华中樱桃 Cerasus conradinae	落叶乔木 Deciduous tree	3-12	核果, 1粒 Drupe with one seed per fruit	7月 July	5
青皮木 Schoepfia jasminodora	落叶灌木 Deciduous shrub	2-3	核果, 1粒 Drupe with one seed per fruit	6月 June	1

湖北三峡大老岭自然保护区光叶水青冈群落种子雨10年观测: 种子雨密度、物种构成及其与群落的关系

Ten years’ observation of seed rain in a Fagus lucida community in Dalaoling Nature Reserve in the Three Gorges: seed rain density, species composition and their correlation with the community

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