千岛湖地区常见木本植物性状和相对多度对幼苗植食作用的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2017.0073

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植食性动物取食植物(植食作用)一直是生物多样性和生态系统功能研究的热点问题。植食作用能够显著影响植物幼苗的生长, 从而决定种群更新动态。以往的研究较少讨论植物的不同性状对幼苗植食作用差异的重要性, 也较少将之与物种相对多度对植食作用的影响进行比较。该文以千岛湖地区的16种常见木本被子植物幼苗为研究对象, 调查植物的11种功能性状和相对多度, 并运用回归模型和方差分解方法, 研究植物功能性状和物种相对多度对幼苗叶片受昆虫植食损伤(虫食率)的相对重要性, 探讨虫食率对植物功能性状的依赖性以及物种相对多度对虫食率的影响。结果表明叶片功能性状(即叶片碳氮比、叶片厚度)和物种相对多度对虫食率有重要影响, 二者共解释了种间虫食率变异的54%。在这些性状中, 有更高的防御能力、更低的营养成分和更高相对多度的物种虫食率更低。我们建议在未来的植食作用研究中, 应考虑基于个体水平的功能性状和基于群落水平的相对多度。

关键词: 植物性状, 相对多度, 虫食率, 木本植物, 千岛湖

Abstract:

Aims Plant-herbivore interaction is a hot topic in the study of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Herbivores can negatively affect seedling growth and therefore can alter the dynamics of plant recruitment. However, previous studies do not fully reveal the relative importance of different plant functional traits on herbivory intensity and rarely link herbivory to the relative abundance of plant species.Methods Here, we measured 11 plant functional traits and the relative abundance of seedlings of 16 common woody species in the subtropical forests on 29 islands in Thousand Island Lake, East China. We then used multivariate regression and variance partitioning to test the contribution of functional traits and the relative abundance to interspecific differences of insect herbivory intensity.Important findings Our study found that both plant functional traits (e.g. carbon nitrogen ratio, leaf thickness) and the relative abundance of woody species played important roles in herbivory intensity, and they jointly contributed 54% of the variance of the interspecific differences. Among these factors, species with higher defensive ability, lower nutrient content and higher relative abundance had lower herbivory intensity. We suggest to consider both individual level traits (functional traits) and community level attributes (the relative abundance) in future herbivory studies.

Key words: plant traits, relative abundance, insect herbivory, woody plant, Thousand Island Lake

骆杨青, 余梅生, 余晶晶, 郑诗璐, 刘佳佳, 于明坚. 千岛湖地区常见木本植物性状和相对多度对幼苗植食作用的影响. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(10): 1033-1040. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0073

Yang-Qing LUO, Mei-Sheng YU, Jing-Jing YU, Shi-Lu ZHENG, Jia-Jia LIU, Ming-Jian YU. Effects of plant traits and the relative abundance of common woody species on seedling herbivory in the Thousand Island Lake region. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(10): 1033-1040. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0073

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2017.0073

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2017/V41/I10/1033

图/表 4

图1 16种常见木本植物幼苗受虫食损伤的平均叶片面积百分比(平均值±标准误差)。

Fig. 1 Percentages of leaf damage by insect herbivores for seedlings of 16 common woody species (mean ± SE).

表1 选取虫食调查的16种木本植物的相关信息, 包括种名, 叶生活周期(落叶/常绿), 生长型(乔木/灌木), 光耐受性(耐阴/阳性), 分布的岛屿数, 幼苗样本量

Table 1 Information on the 16 woody species for insect herbivory survey, including species, leaf lifespan (deciduous/evergreen), growth form (tree/shrub), light tolerance (shade tolerance/shade intolerance), number of sampling island, and number of seedling sample

种名 Species	叶生活周期 Leaf lifespan	生长型 Growth form	光耐受性 Light tolerance	分布岛屿数 No. of sampling island	幼苗样本量 No. of seedling samples
野柿 Diospyros kaki var. silvestris	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	8	32
白花龙 Styrax faberi	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	9	55
白檀 Symplocos paniculata	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	不耐阴 Intolerance	20	97
苦槠 Castanopsis sclerophylla	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	9	32
石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	8	45
冬青 Ilex chinensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	23	164
木荷 Schima superba	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	6	37
石斑木 Rhaphiolepis indica	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	20	174
白栎 Quercus fabri	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	不耐阴 Intolerance	21	65
乌饭树 Vaccinium bracteatum	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	21	144
短柄枹 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	不耐阴 Intolerance	20	112
毛果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	不耐阴 Intolerance	10	44
格药柃 Eurya muricata	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	21	191
杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	不耐阴 Intolerance	24	183
檵木 Loropetalum chinense	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	26	240
短尾越桔 Vaccinium carlesii	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	22	321

表1 选取虫食调查的16种木本植物的相关信息, 包括种名, 叶生活周期(落叶/常绿), 生长型(乔木/灌木), 光耐受性(耐阴/阳性), 分布的岛屿数, 幼苗样本量

种名 Species	叶生活周期 Leaf lifespan	生长型 Growth form	光耐受性 Light tolerance	分布岛屿数 No. of sampling island	幼苗样本量 No. of seedling samples
野柿 Diospyros kaki var. silvestris	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	8	32
白花龙 Styrax faberi	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	9	55
白檀 Symplocos paniculata	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	不耐阴 Intolerance	20	97
苦槠 Castanopsis sclerophylla	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	9	32
石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	8	45
冬青 Ilex chinensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	23	164
木荷 Schima superba	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	耐阴 Tolerance	6	37
石斑木 Rhaphiolepis indica	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	20	174
白栎 Quercus fabri	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	不耐阴 Intolerance	21	65
乌饭树 Vaccinium bracteatum	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	21	144
短柄枹 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	不耐阴 Intolerance	20	112
毛果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	不耐阴 Intolerance	10	44
格药柃 Eurya muricata	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	21	191
杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	不耐阴 Intolerance	24	183
檵木 Loropetalum chinense	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	26	240
短尾越桔 Vaccinium carlesii	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	耐阴 Tolerance	22	321

图2 模型平均计算中7个变量的相对重要性对比, 估计为在95%置信集中的赤池重量(ω+)之和。

Fig. 2 The relative importance of seven variables measured as the sum of Akaike weight (ω+) in 95% confidence set with model averaging. C:N, carbon nitrogen ratio; LA, leaf area; LDMC, leaf dry matter content; LT, leaf thickness; MaxH, maximum tree height; RA, relative abundance.

图3 最佳模型中3个变量对于千岛湖16种木本植物幼苗的平均叶片虫食损伤百分比(排除了其他变量影响的偏残差)的独立影响。A, 碳氮比。B, 叶厚度。C, 相对多度。

Fig. 3 Independent effects of three variables in the best model on mean percentage of leaf damage (partial residuals excluding the effects of other variables) on seedlings of 16 woody species in the Thousand Island Lake. A, Carbon nitrogen ratio. B, Leaf thickness. C, Relative abundance.

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