黄土高原丘陵沟壑区柠条与沙棘冠层的持水能力

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2011年5-10月, 以黄土高原人工造林主要灌木树种柠条(Caragana korshinskii)和沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)为研究对象, 通过测定冠层截留数据与冠层各组分持水能力, 采用Pereira回归分析法和直接测量法, 对柠条与沙棘的冠层持水能力进行了研究。结果表明: 受不同因素的影响, 两种方法测定的冠层持水能力有一定差异。回归分析法主要受植株叶面积指数(LAI)季节性变化与穿透雨观测方法的影响, 得到的柠条与沙棘冠层最大持水能力分别为0.68 mm和0.72 mm; 而直接测量法主要受冠层结构特征影响, 得到的柠条与沙棘冠层最大持水能力分别为0.73 mm和0.76 mm。直接测量法得到的柠条各组分最大持水量依次为枝(0.31 mm) >叶(0.27 mm) >树干(0.15 mm), 沙棘为树干(0.33 mm) >枝(0.29 mm) >叶(0.14 mm)。

关键词: 柠条, 蒸散, 沙棘, 黄土高原, 持水能力

Abstract:

Aims Our objective is to study the canopy water storage capacity of shrubs, a key factor controlling rainfall interception, which affects a variety of hydrological processes in water-limited arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Vast areas of revegetated desert ecosystems in northwestern China are occupied by shrub and dwarf shrub communities. Yet, data are scarce regarding their rainwater storage capacity.
Methods From May to October 2011, the methods of Pereira regression and direct measurement were used to research water storage capacity by the interception data and water storage capacity of each component of Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides, the main artificial afforestation tree species in the Loess Plateau.
Important findings There were some differences among the two methods due to effects of different factors. The regression analysis was mainly impacted by the measurement approaches of throughfall and leaf area index (LAI), with the maximum water storage capacity of 0.68 mm and 0.72 mm for C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides, respectively. The direct measurement was mainly impacted by the canopy structure; the maximum water storage capacity was estimated to be 0.73 mm and 0.76 mm for C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides, respectively. The direct measurement showed that the maximum water storage capacity per unit area of the canopy components was in the order of branches (0.31 mm) > leaves (0.27 mm) > trunks (0.15 mm) for C. korshinskii, and trunks (0.33 mm) > branches (0.29 mm) > leaves (0.14 mm) for H. rhamnoides.

Key words: Caragana korshinskii, evapotranspiration, Hippophae rhamnoides, Loess Plateau, water storage capacity

荐圣淇, 赵传燕, 方书敏, 余凯, 马文瑛. 黄土高原丘陵沟壑区柠条与沙棘冠层的持水能力. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(1): 45-51. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00005

JIAN Sheng-Qi, ZHAO Chuan-Yan, FANG Shu-Min, YU Kai, MA Wen-Ying. Water storage capacity of the canopy dominated by Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides in hilly and gully region on the Loess Plateau of Northwest China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(1): 45-51. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00005

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2013/V37/I1/45

图/表 6

图1 柠条和沙棘叶面积随时间的变化(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 1 Variations of leaf area in Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides with time (mean ± SD).

图2 林内穿透雨与林外降雨量的关系。

Fig. 2 Relationships between throughfall in forest and precipitation out of forest.

图3 蒸散量与降雨量、降雨强度的关系。

Fig. 3 Relationships between evapotranspiration and prepicitation, rainfall intensity.

图4 柠条和沙棘叶、枝、干持水能力箱线图, 显示平均值(虚线)、标准偏差、上四分位数、中位数、下四分位数和异常值。a, 柠条; b, 沙棘; 1, 叶; 2, 枝; 3, 干。

Fig. 4 Box-and-whisker diagrams of the water storage capacity of leaf, branch, trunk for Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides, showing the mean value (the dotted line), standard deviation 25th, 50th, 75th and abnormal value percentiles. a, Caragana korshinskii; b, Hippophae rhamnoides; 1, leaf; 2, branch; 3, trunk.

图5 柠条和沙棘枝干持水量与冠层小枝和叶片生物量占枝干总生物量比率的关系。A, 柠条。B, 沙棘。

Fig. 5 Relationships between water storage volume of branches and the biomass ratio of leaf and branch/trunk for Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides. A, Caragana korshinskii. B, Hippophae rhamnoides.

图6 截留率随时间的变化(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 6 Variations of interception rate with time (mean ± SD).

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