植物生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 914-924.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0337

• 综述 • 上一篇    

植物光合作用叶肉导度及主要限制因素研究进展

韩吉梅1, 张旺锋1, 熊栋梁2, 张亚黎1,*()   

  1. 1石河子大学农学院, 新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 新疆石河子, 832003, 中国
    2巴利阿里群岛大学, 地中海植物生物学实验室, 帕尔马市, 巴利阿里群岛, 07122, 西班牙
  • 出版日期:2017-08-10 发布日期:2017-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 张亚黎
  • 作者简介:

    康璟瑶(1991-),男,江苏南京人,硕士生,主要从事旅游地理与旅游规划研究,E-mail: kangjingyao_nj@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U1303183和U1203283)、霍英东教育基金(141023)和国家留学基金

Mesophyll conductance and its limiting factors in plant leaves

Ji-Mei HAN1, Wang-Feng ZHANG1, Dong-Liang XIONG2, Jaume FLEXAS2, Ya-Li ZHANG1,*()   

  1. 1Shihezi University, Agricultural College, The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China

    2Universitat de les Illes Balears, Research Group in Plant Biology Under Mediterranean Conditions, Palma de Mallorca 07122, Illes Balears, Spain
  • Online:2017-08-10 Published:2017-09-29
  • Contact: Ya-Li ZHANG
  • About author:

    KANG Jing-yao(1991-), E-mail: kangjingyao_nj@163.com

摘要:

叶肉导度(gm)被用来衡量CO2从植物叶片气孔下腔到叶绿体羧化位点的传输效率, 其主要受解剖结构和生化因素的调控。近年来, gm的研究在光合作用领域受到普遍关注; 光合速率的限制因素已不再简单地划分为气孔限制和非气孔限制, 而需要从气孔限制、叶肉限制和羧化限制3个限制因素开展研究工作。该文分析了植物细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞质、叶绿体膜和叶绿体基质对gm的调控机制, 指出细胞壁厚度以及面向细胞间隙的叶绿体面积(Sc)是影响gm的重要结构因素。阐述了水孔蛋白和碳酸酐酶参与的生化过程对gm的调控机制。同时, 对外界环境因素, 如温度、光强、干旱、氮等对gm的调控机制进行了总结。在此基础上, 探讨了gm与水力导度的耦合关系。最后对gm研究中的科学问题进行了展望。

关键词: 光合作用, CO2传输, 叶肉导度, 解剖结构, 生化因素, 环境变化, 水力导度

Abstract:

Mesophyll conductance (gm) represents the CO2 diffusion facility from sub-stomatal internal cavities to carboxylation sites in chloroplasts, and the variation of gm across genotypes as well as environmental conditions is expected to be related to the anatomical structures and biochemical properties of leaves. In recent years, the variation of gm has attracted wide attention. The limiting factors in photosynthetic rate are no longer divided simply into stomatal limitation and non-stomatal limitation, but splitted in stomatal limitation, mesophyll limitation and carboxylation limitation. In this review, we summarize the potential influences of cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, chloroplast envelope and stroma on gm, and indicate that cell wall thickness and the surface area of chloroplast exposed to intercellular air space (Sc) are the most important factors influencing the gm. We also analyze the probable effects of biochemical process related with aquaporins and carbonic anhydrase on gm. Meanwhile, the regulation mechanisms of long- and short-term environment changes (including temperature, light intensity, drought, and nutrients) on gm are also summarized. The relationship between gm and hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) is debated. Finally, we discuss the scientific problems related with gm.

Key words: photosynthesis, CO2 diffusion, mesophyll conductance, anatomical structure, biochemical factor, environmental change, hydraulic conductance