植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 41-50.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0123 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2022.0123
所属专题: 青藏高原植物生态学:种群生态学; 草原与草业
收稿日期:2022-04-07
接受日期:2022-07-05
出版日期:2023-01-20
发布日期:2022-08-20
基金资助:
LIN Ma-Zhen1,2, HUANG Yong1,*(
), LI Yang3, SUN Jian2,*(
)
Received:2022-04-07
Accepted:2022-07-05
Online:2023-01-20
Published:2022-08-20
Supported by:摘要:
植物性状能够反映植物的生存策略, 是植物生态学的研究热点之一。植物CSR策略模型将植物物种分为3类: 在资源丰富环境中能够最大程度提高生物量的物种(竞争型物种: C策略); 在干扰频率较高的环境中能够快速摄取资源并繁殖的物种(投机取巧型物种: R策略); 在资源贫瘠环境中能够保持个体生存的物种(耐受型物种: S策略)。植物叶片性状对环境梯度具有适应性的改变, 性状的改变对植物生存策略产生影响, 但是青藏高原植物叶片性状是如何影响植物CSR生存策略的, 其机制尚不清楚。该研究探究了高寒草地植物CSR生存策略的分布特征, 以及环境因子对CSR生存策略的影响机制。2020年7-8月, 对青藏高原高寒草地53个样点进行了调查, 测定植物叶片叶面积、叶片鲜质量和叶片干质量等性状, 并计算C、S、R值。然后, 分析关键地理环境要素对植物CSR策略影响的主要因子和作用机理。结果表明: (1)在青藏高原高寒草地, 植物的生存策略主要以S策略(41.6%-96.7%)为主。(2)随着经度的增加, 青藏高原高寒草地C策略植物所占比例自西向东逐渐上升; 在海拔梯度上, 高寒草地C策略植物所占比例随着海拔的升高而降低。(3)随机森林分析结果显示降水量对C策略的贡献率最高(25.74%), 海拔对S策略的贡献率最高(27.34%); 分析气候因子对植物性状的影响发现降水量和温度只对叶面积产生显著影响, 且叶片含水量对植物C、S策略具有显著效应。综合而言, 研究发现降水量是影响植物CSR生存策略最关键的因子, 这对于研究高寒草地植物对环境梯度的生态适应具有十分重要的意义。
林马震, 黄勇, 李洋, 孙建. 高寒草地植物生存策略地理分布特征及其影响因素. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(1): 41-50. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0123
LIN Ma-Zhen, HUANG Yong, LI Yang, SUN Jian. Geographical distribution characteristics and influencing factors of plant survival strategies in an alpine grassland. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(1): 41-50. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0123
图2 青藏高原高寒草地常见植物的CSR策略图。C, 竞争型; S, 忍受型; R, 投机取巧型。圆圈大小代表叶片干物质含量。
Fig. 2 CSR strategy of common species in alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau. C, competitor; S, stress-tolerator; R, ruderal. Size of the circle represents the leaf dry matter content.
图3 青藏高原高寒草地常见植物C策略(A)和S策略(B)与各环境因子的相关性热度图。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。AI, 干旱指数; Alt, 海拔; C, 竞争型; Lat, 纬度; Lon, 经度; Pre, 降水量; S, 忍受型; Tem, 温度。
Fig. 3 Heat map of the correlation between C (A) and S (B) strategies and environmental factors in alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01. AI, aridity index; Alt, altitude; C, competitor; Lat, latitude; Lon, longitude; Pre, precipitation; S, stress-tolerator; Tem, temperature.
图4 青藏高原高寒草地环境因子对C策略(A)、S策略(B)的相对重要性分析。AI, 干旱指数; Alt, 海拔; C, 竞争型; Lat, 纬度; Lon, 经度; Pre, 降水量; S, 忍受型; Tem, 温度。
Fig. 4 Relative importance of effect of environmental factors on C (A) and S (B) strategies in alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau. AI, aridity index; Alt, altitude; C, competitor; Lat, latitude; Lon, longitude; Pre, precipitation; S, stress-tolerator; Tem, temperature.
图5 青藏高原高寒草地海拔(A)、降水量(B)、经度(C)、温度(D)对C策略的影响。C, 竞争型。
Fig. 5 Effects of altitude (A), precipitation (B), longitude (C), temperature (D) on C-strategy in alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau. C, competitor.
图6 青藏高原高寒草地海拔(A)、经度(B)、温度(C)对S策略的影响。S, 忍受型。
Fig. 6 Effects of altitude (A), longitude (B), temperature (C) on S-strategy in alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau. S, stress-tolerator.
图7 青藏高原高寒草地经度对降水量(A)和海拔对温度(B)的影响。
Fig. 7 Effects of longitude on precipitation (A) and altitude on temperature (B) in the alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau.
图8 青藏高原高寒草地植物C、S策略分别与叶面积(A、B)和叶片含水量(C、D)以及叶面积与降水量(E)和温度(F)之间的相关性分析。C, 竞争型; S, 忍受型。
Fig. 8 Correlation analysis of C and S strategies on leaf area (A, B) and leaf water content (C, D), respectively, and leaf area on precipitation (E) and temperature (F) in the alpine grassland on the Qingzang Plateau. C, competitor; S, stress-tolerator.
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