亚热带森林土壤磷有效性与外生菌根优势度的关联分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0414

植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 639-648.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0414 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0414

亚热带森林土壤磷有效性与外生菌根优势度的关联分析

杨密¹^,², 鲁梦珍¹^,², 冯治洋¹^,², 袁旭东¹^,², 赵小祥³, 刘峰¹, 田秋香¹^,²^,^*()

¹ 中国科学院武汉植物园, 中国科学院水生植物与流域生态重点实验室, 武汉 430074
² 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
³ 中南林业科技大学生命与环境科学学院, 长沙 410004

收稿日期:2024-11-19 接受日期:2025-03-21 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-03
通讯作者: *田秋香(tianqiuxiang@wbgcas.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32371736);国家自然科学基金(32171599);国家自然科学基金(31870465);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2020338)

Correlation relationship between soil phosphorus availability and ectomycorrhizal tree dominance in a subtropical forest

YANG Mi¹^,², LU Meng-Zhen¹^,², FENG Zhi-Yang¹^,², YUAN Xu-Dong¹^,², ZHAO Xiao-Xiang³, LIU Feng¹, TIAN Qiu-Xiang¹^,²^,^*()

¹ Key Laboratory of Aquatic Plants and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³ College of Life and Environmental Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China

Received:2024-11-19 Accepted:2025-03-21 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-03
Contact: *TIAN Qiu-Xiang(tianqiuxiang@wbgcas.cn)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371736);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171599);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870465);Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020338)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

磷(P)是植物生长的必需营养元素, 也是制约森林生产力的重要因素。陆地上大部分植物可与丛枝菌根(AM)或外生菌根(ECM)真菌形成共生关系, 以增强其对磷的吸收。AM和ECM在磷的利用策略上存在差异, 影响生态系统磷循环过程。了解不同菌根类型下森林土壤磷有效性的变化, 对于理解亚热带森林的生产力维持机制和指导森林管理具有重要意义。该研究以湖南省八大公山自然保护区内35个森林样地(ECM树种优势度呈梯度变化)为研究对象, 测定表层土壤4种生物有效磷(氯化钙-P、酶-P、柠檬酸-P、盐酸-P)的含量, 分析土壤有效磷随ECM树种优势度变化而变化的规律, 并探究影响土壤磷有效性的主要因素。结果表明, 氯化钙-P、柠檬酸-P、盐酸-P含量与外生菌根优势度无显著相关关系, 但酶-P含量随ECM树种优势度的增加而显著增加。氯化钙-P含量与凋落物磷含量呈显著正相关关系; 柠檬酸-P和盐酸-P含量与土壤有机碳、总氮、微生物生物量碳含量呈显著正相关关系; 而酶-P含量与土壤有机碳、可溶性有机碳含量呈显著正相关关系, 与土壤pH呈负相关关系。此外, 土壤酸性磷酸酶活性与ECM树种优势度呈显著正相关关系。综上, 以ECM树种为主的森林土壤具有更高的酶可水解磷含量和酸性磷酸酶活性, 可通过有机磷的矿化, 释放更多的磷, 进而促进亚热带森林ECM树种的快速生长。

关键词: 菌根类型, 磷, 土壤磷生物有效性, 外生菌根树种优势度, 酸性磷酸酶活性

Abstract:

Aims Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and a critical factor in determining forest productivity. Most terrestrial plants can form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi to enhance their phosphorus uptake. AM and ECM mycorrhiza vary significantly in their P-absorption strategies, which impacts the P cycling in ecosystems. Understanding how soil P availability varies across the forests dominated by AM and ECM trees can be conducive to elucidating the mechanisms of productivity maintenance in subtropical forests and guiding forest nutrient management.

Methods We established 35 forest plots across a natural gradient of ECM tree dominance in the Badagongshan Nature Reserve, Hunan Province. We measured the contents of four forms of soil bioavailable P (CaCl₂-P, enzyme-P, citrate-P, HCl-P), and analyzed their relationships with ECM tree dominance. Correlation analyses were further employed to identify the key factors influencing soil bioavailable P contents.

Important findings The results revealed that enzyme-P content increased significantly with ECM tree dominance, while CaCl₂-P, citrate-P and HCl-P contents showed no significant correlations with ECM tree dominance. CaCl₂-P content was positively correlated with leaf litter P content. Citrate-P and HCl-P contents were positively correlated with the contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and microbial biomass carbon. Enzyme-P content was positively correlated with the contents of soil organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon, and negatively correlated with soil pH. Additionally, soil acid phosphatase activity increased significantly with ECM tree dominance. In conclusion, ECM-dominated forests exhibit higher levels of enzyme-hydrolysable P and acid phosphatase activity, which can facilitate P solubilization through organic P mineralization, thereby promoting the rapid growth of ECM trees in subtropical forests.

Key words: mycorrhizal type, phosphorus, soil phosphorus bioavailability, ectomycorrhizal tree dominance, acid phosphatase activity

杨密, 鲁梦珍, 冯治洋, 袁旭东, 赵小祥, 刘峰, 田秋香. 亚热带森林土壤磷有效性与外生菌根优势度的关联分析. 植物生态学报, 2026, 50(3): 639-648. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0414

YANG Mi, LU Meng-Zhen, FENG Zhi-Yang, YUAN Xu-Dong, ZHAO Xiao-Xiang, LIU Feng, TIAN Qiu-Xiang. Correlation relationship between soil phosphorus availability and ectomycorrhizal tree dominance in a subtropical forest. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2026, 50(3): 639-648. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0414

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0414

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2026/V50/I3/639

图/表 4

图1 外生菌根(ECM)树种优势度与物种丰富度(A)、香农威纳指数(B)、胸高断面积(C)、凋落物碳含量(D)、凋落物氮含量(E)、凋落物磷含量(F)、凋落物碳氮比(G)和凋落物碳磷比(H)的关系(n = 35)。图中实线表示相关性显著(p < 0.05)。凋落物碳含量、氮含量、磷含量、碳氮比和碳磷比分别表示加权平均后样方水平上凋落物的碳含量、氮含量、磷含量、碳氮比和碳磷比。

Fig. 1 Relationships between ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree dominance and species richness (A), Shannon-Weiner index (B), basal area of trees (C), the community weighted mean litter carbon content (CWM-LC) (D), the community weighted mean litter nitrogen content (CWM-LN) (E), the community weighted mean litter phosphorus content (CWM-LP) (F), the community weighted mean litter carbon and nitrogen ratio (CWM-LCN) (G) the community weighted mean litter carbon and phosphorus ratio (CWM-LCP) (H) (n = 35). Solid lines indicate significant correlation (p < 0.05). The C, N, P content, C-to-N ratio and C-to-P ratio of the litter represent the weighted average of the C, N, P content, C-to-N ratio and C-to-P ratio of the litter at the plot level.

图2 外生菌根(ECM)树种优势度与土壤有机碳含量(A)、总氮含量(B)、总磷含量(C)、可溶性有机碳含量(D)、微生物生物量碳含量(E)、酸性磷酸酶活性(F)、土壤pH值(G)、土壤黏粒含量(H)的关系(n = 35)。图中实线表示相关性显著(p < 0.05), 虚线表示相关性不显著(p > 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Relationships between ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree dominance and soil organic carbon content (A), soil total nitrogen content (B), soil total phosphorus content (C), soil dissolved organic carbon content (D), microbial biomass carbon content (E), acid phosphatase activity (F), soil pH (G), and soil clay content (H) (n = 35). Solid lines indicate significant correlation (p < 0.05), and dashed lines indicate non-significant correlation (p > 0.05).

图3 外生菌根(ECM)树种优势度与土壤中的氯化钙-P (A)、酶-P (B)、柠檬酸-P (C)和盐酸-P (D)含量的关系(n = 35)。图中实线表示相关性显著(p < 0.05), 虚线表示相关性不显著(p ≥ 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Relationships between ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree dominance and contents of soil CaCl2-P (A), enzyme-P (B), citric-P (C) and HCl-P (D) (n = 35). Solid lines indicate significant correlation (p < 0.05), and dashed lines indicate non-significant correlation (p ≥ 0.05).

图4 植被特征和土壤理化因子与4种土壤生物有效磷含量之间的Pearson相关关系。·、*、**和***分别代表相关性水平p < 0.1、p < 0.05、p < 0.01和p < 0.001。

Fig. 4 Pearson correlation between plant properties, soil physico-chemical characteristics and the four bioavailable phosphorus contents CWM-LC, community weighted mean litter carbon content; CWM-LCN, community weighted mean litter carbon and nitrogen ratio; CWM-LCP, community weighted mean litter carbon and phosphorus ratio; CWM-LN, community weighted mean litter nitrogen content; CWM-LP, community weighted mean litter phosphorus content. ·, *, ** and *** in the figure represent correlation levels p < 0.1, p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively.

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亚热带森林土壤磷有效性与外生菌根优势度的关联分析

Correlation relationship between soil phosphorus availability and ectomycorrhizal tree dominance in a subtropical forest

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