我国东部温带植物群落的季相及其时空变化特征

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物群落季相阶段的划分,对于诊断地方、区域和全球尺度上生态系统对气候变化的快速响应和进行遥感植被生长季节的地面检验,具有重要的科学意义。该文利用物候累积频率拟合法对我国东部温带地区7个站点1982~1996年的植物群落季相阶段进行划分,并分析了植物群落季相的空间差异和年际变化及其与气候因子的关系。结果表明:1)各站点多年平均变绿期和旺盛光合期初日随纬度的升高而推迟,凋落期和休眠期初日随纬度的升高而提前;多年平均变绿期、旺盛光合期和凋落期长度随纬度的变化不甚明显,而休眠期则随纬度的升高明显延长;2)在研究期间内,站点平均变绿期初日以0.6 d·a^-1的平均速率显著提前,且长度以0.7 d·a^-1的平均速率显著延长;旺盛光合期初日呈不显著推迟,长度呈不显著缩短;凋落期初日呈微弱提前,长度呈微弱延长;休眠期初日呈微弱提前,但长度却以0.9 d·a^-1的平均速率显著缩短;3)站点平均变绿期初日与当月平均气温的负相关显著,平均气温每升高1 ℃,初日提前约4.3 d;站点平均旺盛光合期初日与初日前第二个月到初日当月平均气温的负相关显著,平均气温每升高1 ℃,初日提前约4.4 d;站点平均凋落期和休眠期初日与气温的相关均不显著。

关键词: 物候累积频率拟合法, 植物群落季相, 时空变化, 气候因子, 我国东部温带

Abstract:

Aims Our objectives were to determine the seasonal aspect stages of plant communities at seven sites in the temperate area of eastern China and analyze spatial-temporal variation of the onset dates of seasonal aspect stages and its relation to climatic factors.
Methods We developed a simulating method of phenological cumulative frequency to determine the seasonal aspect stages of plant communities. Basic ideas of the method were to establish a mixed data set composed of the occurrence dates of all phenophases of observed deciduous trees and shrubs for each site and each year, and then calculate the frequency and cumulative frequency of the occurrence dates of phenophases in every five-day period throughout each year and for each site. We used a logistic curve to simulate the phenological cumulative frequency and computed the corresponding dates of maximum changing rate of the curvature as the onset dates of seasonal aspect stages.
Important findings The annual mean dates of greenup and active photosynthesis onsets were delayed with increased latitude, whereas the annual mean dates of senescence and dormancy onsets advanced with increased latitude. Other than the onset dates, the annual mean lengths of greenup, active photosynthesis and senescence periods did not change obviously with latitude but the annual mean length of dormancy period was apparently prolonged with increased latitude. From 1982 to 1996, the regional mean onset date and duration of greenup period significantly advanced at a rate of 0.6 d·a^-1 and lengthened at a rate of 0.7 d·a^-1; the mean onset date and duration of active photosunthesis period were insignificantly delayed and shortened; the mean onset date and duration of senescence period slightly advanced and lengthened; and the mean onset date and duration of dormancy period slightly advanced but significantly shortened at a rate of 0.9 d·a^-1. The onset date of seasonal aspect stages generally correlates better with temperature than with precipitation. The regional mean greenup onset date shows a significantly negative correlation with mean temperature in the current month in a changing rate of 4.3 d·℃^-1, whereas the regional mean active photosynthesis onset date presents a significantly negative correlation with mean temperature during the former second month to the current month in a changing rate of 4.4 d·℃^-1. However, the regional mean senescence and dormancy onset dates do not correlate significantly with mean temperatures.

Key words: simulating method of phenological cumulative frequency, seasonal aspect stages of plant communities, spatial-temporal variation, climatic factors, temperate eastern China

陈效逑, 韩建伟. 我国东部温带植物群落的季相及其时空变化特征. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(2): 336-346. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.010

CHEN Xiao-Qiu, HAN Jian-Wei. SEASONAL ASPECT STAGES OF PLANT COMMUNITIES AND ITS SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION IN TEMPERATE EASTERN CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(2): 336-346. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.010

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.010

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2008/V32/I2/336

图/表 11

参考文献 34

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地点 Site	统计量 Statistical variables	变绿期 Greenup period		旺盛光合期 Active photosynthesis period		凋落期 Senescence period		休眠期 Dormancy period
地点 Site	统计量 Statistical variables	初日 Onset date	长度 Length	初日 Onset date	长度 Length	初日 Onset date	长度 Length	初日 Onset date	长度 Length
哈尔滨	平均值Mean	4/12	61	6/11	73	8/23	54	10/16	179
Harbin	标准差SD	5	5	4	4	5	5	3	4
牡丹江	平均值Mean	4/9	58	6/6	74	8/19	60	10/19	172
Mudanjiang	标准差SD	5	6	5	8	6	7	2	5
盖县	平均值Mean	3/21	66	5/26	114	9/17	51	11/6	134
Gaixian	标准差SD	12	11	4	9	9	7	6	17
北京	平均值Mean	3/15	67	5/21	133	10/1	49	11/19	117
Beijing	标准差SD	5	5	4	6	4	8	6	9
邢台	平均值Mean	3/11	59	5/9	130	9/16	65	11/20	110
Xingtai	标准差SD	5	6	5	9	8	5	6	4
洛阳	平均值Mean	2/27	81	5/19	110	9/6	81	11/26	94
Luoyang	标准差SD	7	8	5	7	9	9	5	8
西安	平均值Mean	3/8	68	5/15	125	9/17	72	11/27	101
Xi'an	标准差SD	4	7	7	10	7	10	4	4
全区Entire area	平均值Mean	3/19	66	5/23	108	9/9	62	11/9	130

地点 Site	统计量 Statistical variables	变绿期 Greenup period		旺盛光合期 Active photosynthesis period		凋落期 Senescence period		休眠期 Dormancy period
地点 Site	统计量 Statistical variables	初日 Onset date	长度 Length	初日 Onset date	长度 Length	初日 Onset date	长度 Length	初日 Onset date	长度 Length
哈尔滨	平均值Mean	4/12	61	6/11	73	8/23	54	10/16	179
Harbin	标准差SD	5	5	4	4	5	5	3	4
牡丹江	平均值Mean	4/9	58	6/6	74	8/19	60	10/19	172
Mudanjiang	标准差SD	5	6	5	8	6	7	2	5
盖县	平均值Mean	3/21	66	5/26	114	9/17	51	11/6	134
Gaixian	标准差SD	12	11	4	9	9	7	6	17
北京	平均值Mean	3/15	67	5/21	133	10/1	49	11/19	117
Beijing	标准差SD	5	5	4	6	4	8	6	9
邢台	平均值Mean	3/11	59	5/9	130	9/16	65	11/20	110
Xingtai	标准差SD	5	6	5	9	8	5	6	4
洛阳	平均值Mean	2/27	81	5/19	110	9/6	81	11/26	94
Luoyang	标准差SD	7	8	5	7	9	9	5	8
西安	平均值Mean	3/8	68	5/15	125	9/17	72	11/27	101
Xi'an	标准差SD	4	7	7	10	7	10	4	4
全区Entire area	平均值Mean	3/19	66	5/23	108	9/9	62	11/9	130

地点 Site	变绿期初日 Onset date of greenup period	旺盛光合期初日 Onset date of active photosynthesis period	凋落期初日 Onset date of senescence period	休眠期初日 Onset date of dormancy period
哈尔滨Harbin	-0.73	-1.00^*	-1.38^**	-0.13
牡丹江Mudanjiang	0.35	0.58^*	0.41	-0.11
盖县Gaixian	-1.68^***	0.20	1.34^***	0.38
北京Beijing	-0.52^*	0.07	-0.35	0.29
邢台Xingtai	-0.88^***	0.03	-1.32^****	-0.89^***
洛阳Luoyang	-0.16	-0.02	-0.60	-0.14
西安Xi'an	-0.26	0.04	0.73	-0.41

地点 Site	变绿期初日 Onset date of greenup period	旺盛光合期初日 Onset date of active photosynthesis period	凋落期初日 Onset date of senescence period	休眠期初日 Onset date of dormancy period
哈尔滨Harbin	-0.73	-1.00^*	-1.38^**	-0.13
牡丹江Mudanjiang	0.35	0.58^*	0.41	-0.11
盖县Gaixian	-1.68^***	0.20	1.34^***	0.38
北京Beijing	-0.52^*	0.07	-0.35	0.29
邢台Xingtai	-0.88^***	0.03	-1.32^****	-0.89^***
洛阳Luoyang	-0.16	-0.02	-0.60	-0.14
西安Xi'an	-0.26	0.04	0.73	-0.41

	变绿期长度 Duration of greenup period	旺盛光合期长度 Duration of active photosynthesis period	凋落期长度 Duration of senescence period	休眠期长度 Duration of dormancy period
哈尔滨Harbin	-0.27	-0.38	1.25^*	-1.02^*
牡丹江Mudanjiang	0.23	-0.17	-0.52	0.22
盖县Gaixian	1.88^****	1.14^**	-0.96^**	-2.54^**
北京Beijing	0.59^**	-0.42	0.64	-1.19^**
邢台Xingtai	0.91^***	-1.35^***	0.43	0.06
洛阳Luoyang	0.46	-0.59	0.46	-0.75
西安Xi'an	0.36	0.69	-1.14^*	0.23