磷影响陆地生态系统碳循环过程及模型表达方法

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2019.0021

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球气候变暖已大大改变了陆地植物碳吸收能力, 提高了全球植被净初级生产力。随着气候变暖的加剧, 磷对植物生长的限制作用逐渐显现且不断增强, 磷影响陆地生态系统碳循环的机理和模型研究已成为研究热点。该文系统分析了磷影响陆地生态系统碳循环的相关机理以及模型对相关过程的定量化表达方法。综合对比分析了国际上的Carnegie- Ames-Stanford Approach-CNP (CASA-CNP)、Community Land Model-CNP (CLM-CNP)和Jena Scheme for Biosphere-Atmosphere Coupling in Hamburg-CNP (JSBACH-CNP)等碳、氮、磷耦合模型中磷影响植物光合作用与同化物分配过程、植物对磷的吸收过程、土壤中磷的转化过程以及生态系统磷输入与输出等过程的相关数学表达方法, 指出了模型算法的局限与不确定性以及未来模型发展与改进的方向。同时综合对比分析了CASA-CNP、CLM-CNP、JSBACH-CNP模型的基本特征, 总结了磷循环模型的建模方法, 为未来开展磷影响陆地生态系统碳循环的模型模拟研究提供了借鉴方法与参考思路。

关键词: 磷限制, 陆地生态系统, 碳循环, 过程模型, 气候变化

Abstract:

Climate warming has significantly alerted the terrestrial carbon dynamics, resulting in enhanced vegetation productivity, especially in the northern hemisphere. However, most of the prior modeling studies have neglected the effects of nutrient availability, such as the phosphorus limitation, on carbon processes, which potentially leads to an overestimation of the capacity of terrestrial ecosystems to sequester additional carbon. Here, we reviewed recent progress in phosphorus limitation and its interactions with carbon dynamics in the context of climate change, with a focus on the process-based modeling approach. We comparatively analyzed quantitative representations of phosphorus-associated biological processes in some models (i.e., Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA), Community Land Model (CLM), and Jena Scheme for Biosphere-Atmosphere Coupling in Hamburg (JSBACH)), such as photosynthesis and distribution of assimilates, phosphorus uptake by plants, the transformation of phosphorus pools in soil, phosphorus inputs and outputs, etc. We also discussed the key characteristics of these models and summarized the mathematical representations of the terrestrial phosphorus cycle. In addition, we identified and discussed the limitations, uncertainties and future needs in process-based modeling in terms of nutrient and carbon dynamics. Our study highlighted the importance of including phosphorus limitation in regional carbon estimation and provided deep insights related to biogeochemical modeling at broad scales.

Key words: phosphorus limitation, terrestrial ecosystem, carbon cycle, process-based modeling, climate change

黄玫, 王娜, 王昭生, 巩贺. 磷影响陆地生态系统碳循环过程及模型表达方法. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(6): 471-479. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0021

HUANG Mei, WANG Na, WANG Zhao-Sheng, GONG He. Modeling phosphorus effects on the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(6): 471-479. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0021

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模型 Model	磷库数量 Number of phosphate pools	时间步长 Time step	碳磷比参数 C:P ratio parameters	矿化过程模拟 Simulation of the mineralization process	适用范围 Scope of application
CASA-CNP	12	1 d	不同植被类型、植物不同器官具有不同的碳磷比 C:P ratios vary among different organs in various vegetation types	只量化了生物化学矿化过程 Only consider the biochemical mineralization process	温带和热带森林生态系统温带和热带草原生态系统 Temperate and tropical forest and grassland ecosystems
CLM-CNP	15	30 min	不同植被类型、植物不同器官具有不同的碳磷比 C:P ratios vary among different organs in various vegetation types	模拟了生物矿化与生物化学矿化两个过程 Consider both biomineralization and biochemical mineralization	热带森林生态系统热带草原生态系统 Tropical forest and grassland ecosystems
JSBACH-CNP	8	1 d	不同植被类型具有不同碳磷比, 但植物不同器官的碳磷比相同 C:P ratios are the same for organs but vary among various vegetation types	模拟了生物矿化与生物化学矿化两个过程 Consider both biomineralization and biochemical mineralization	温带和热带森林生态系统温带和热带草原生态系统 Temperate and tropical forest and grassland ecosystems

模型 Model	磷库数量 Number of phosphate pools	时间步长 Time step	碳磷比参数 C:P ratio parameters	矿化过程模拟 Simulation of the mineralization process	适用范围 Scope of application
CASA-CNP	12	1 d	不同植被类型、植物不同器官具有不同的碳磷比 C:P ratios vary among different organs in various vegetation types	只量化了生物化学矿化过程 Only consider the biochemical mineralization process	温带和热带森林生态系统温带和热带草原生态系统 Temperate and tropical forest and grassland ecosystems
CLM-CNP	15	30 min	不同植被类型、植物不同器官具有不同的碳磷比 C:P ratios vary among different organs in various vegetation types	模拟了生物矿化与生物化学矿化两个过程 Consider both biomineralization and biochemical mineralization	热带森林生态系统热带草原生态系统 Tropical forest and grassland ecosystems
JSBACH-CNP	8	1 d	不同植被类型具有不同碳磷比, 但植物不同器官的碳磷比相同 C:P ratios are the same for organs but vary among various vegetation types	模拟了生物矿化与生物化学矿化两个过程 Consider both biomineralization and biochemical mineralization	温带和热带森林生态系统温带和热带草原生态系统 Temperate and tropical forest and grassland ecosystems