克隆整合有助于狗牙根抵御水淹

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.09.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

尽管国内外开展了大量的克隆整合对克隆植物抵御逆境能力影响的研究, 但整合对植物抵御水淹能力的影响研究仍比较缺乏。该文从克隆整合的角度探讨多年生草本植物狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)对水淹胁迫的响应。试验模拟了先端分株(相对年幼的分株)分别处于0、5和15 cm三种水淹胁迫环境, 并在每个水淹梯度下实施先端分株与基端分株(相对年长的分株)之间匍匐茎连接或切断处理, 调查水淹一个月后基端分株和先端分株以及整个克隆片段在形态和生理上的表现。研究发现: 切断匍匐茎连接显著降低了狗牙根先端分株的生长, 表现在生物量下降、匍匐茎长度减短和分株数减少等方面; 水淹显著抑制了先端分株的生长, 但对基端分株的生长并未造成显著影响; 在5 cm水淹处理下, 匍匐茎保持连接时, 先端分株和整个克隆片段的生长显著增加; 连接或切断处理在不同水淹梯度下对匍匐茎平均节间长没有显著影响, 对先端分株或基端分株在光化学转化效率上也未表现显著性差异。结果表明: 克隆整合效应促进了狗牙根在水淹胁迫下分株的生长, 并有助于整个克隆片段抵御水淹胁迫。

关键词: 生物量, 荧光参数, 分株, 匍匐茎切断

Abstract:

Aims Despite extensive studies on effects of clonal integration in the past three decades, little is known about the effects of clonal integration on the performance of waterlogged clonal plants. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that clonal integration could improve performance of Cynodon dactylon, a stoloniferous clonal herb commonly found in riparian areas of reservoirs, under waterlogging stress.

Methods Relatively young apical ramets of C. dactylon clonal fragments were submerged in water at depths of 0 (control), 5 and 15 cm, and their connections to the relatively old basal ramets of the fragments under normal conditions were either severed (preventing clonal integration) or not (allowing integration). Performances of apical ramets, basal ramets and whole fragments were investigated after one month of treatment. Meanwhile, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F_v/F_m, maximum quantum yield of PSII; Yield, effective quantum yield of PSII) were measured.

Important findings Severing the stolon connection significantly decreased the growth of apical ramets under submergence in terms of biomass, total stolon length and number of ramets. Submergence also significantly decreased the growth of apical ramets, but had little effects on basal ramets. Performance of both basal ramets and clonal fragments was enhanced if the basal ramets were connected with the apical ramets subjected to 5 cm depth of submergence. However, stolon severing treatment had little effects on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of both apical ramets and basal ramets. Results indicate that clonal integration increased performance of waterlogged ramets and the growth of non-waterlogged connected ramets. Clonal integration could help C. dactylon resist submergence stress.

Key words: biomass, fluorescence parameters, ramet, stolon severing

张想英, 樊大勇, 谢宗强, 熊高明, 李兆佳. 克隆整合有助于狗牙根抵御水淹. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(9): 1075-1083. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.09.008

ZHANG Xiang-Ying, FAN Da-Yong, XIE Zong-Qiang, XIONG Gao-Ming, LI Zhao-Jia. Clonal integration enhances performance of Cynodon dactylon subjected to submergence. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(9): 1075-1083. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.09.008

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.09.008

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I9/1075

图/表 7

图1 狗牙根先端水淹与匍匐茎切断双因素试验设计。每个盒子中都是一个狗牙根克隆片段, 盒子左边是2个基端分株, 右边是2个先端分株, 基端和先端保持连接(左)/切断(右), 对先端进行不同水淹深度处理(0、5和15 cm)。

Fig. 1 Two factorial experimental design with submergence and stolon severing in Cynodon dactylon. There was one clonal fragment of C. dactylon in each box, consisting of two basal ramets grown in the left side and two apical ramets grown in the right side. Stolon connection between basal and apical ramets was either connected (left) or disconnected (right). Apical ramets were submerged into water at a depth of 0 (control), 5 or 15 cm.

表1 匍匐茎切断(D)和水淹深度(S)及其交互作用(D × S)对狗牙根生长指标的双因素方差分析(F值)

Table 1 Results (F value) of two-way ANOVA on the effects of stolon disconnection (D), submergence (S) and their interaction (D × S) on the biomass (BM), total stolon length (SL), erect stem length (EL), number of ramets (NR), number of erect stems (NE) and mean internode length (IL) of the apical, basal ramets and clonal fragments of Cynodon dactylon

变异来源 Source of variation	生物量 BM	匍匐枝长 SL	直立茎长 EL	分枝数 NR	直立茎数 NE	平均节间长 IL
先端分株 Apical ramets
D	15.199^**	16.781^***	1.984^ns	25.651^***	2.021^ns	3.060^ns
S	77.876^***	86.960^***	19.450^***	135.589^***	25.825^***	2.967^ns
D × S	0.143^ns	0.513^ns	0.913^ns	1.189^ns	2.399^ns	1.027^ns
基端分株 Basal ramets
D	2.277^ns	1.861^ns	0.122^ns	0.000^ns	1.327^ns	1.700^ns
S	0.304^ns	0.229^ns	2.171^ns	0.093^ns	2.907^ns	0.240^ns
D × S	0.279^ns	0.677^ns	0.242^ns	2.224^ns	0.650^ns	1.277^ns
克隆片段 Clonal fragment
D	12.509^**	7.917^*	1.195^ns	2.365^ns	3.009^ns	2.810^ns
S	28.595^***	10.493^***	13.444^***	13.930^***	17.862^***	1.220^ns
D × S	0.637^ns	0.920^ns	0.621^ns	2.722^ns	1.295^ns	0.294^ns

图2 匍匐茎连接或切断的狗牙根先端分株(A)、基端分株(B)和整个克隆片段(C)在不同水淹深度(0、5和15 cm)下的生物量(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Biomass of the apical ramets (A), basal ramets (B) and clonal fragments (C) of Cynodon dactylon, with the apical ramets submerged in water to a depth of 0, 5 and 15 cm connected to or disconnected from the basal ramets growing in soil (mean ± SE). Different small letters mean significant difference at 0.05 level.

图3 匍匐茎连接或切断的狗牙根先端、基端和克隆片段在不同水淹深度(0、5和15 cm)下的匍匐枝总长(A、B、C)、直立茎总长(D、E、F)、分株数(G、H、I)和直立茎数(J、K、L) (平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Total stolon length (A, B, C), erect stem length (D, E, F), number of ramets (G, H, I), number of erect stems (J, K, L) of Cynodon dactylon. The apical ramets submerged in water at a depth of 0, 5 and 15 cm were connected to or disconnected from the basal ramets growing in soil (mean ± SE). Different small letters mean significant difference at 0.05 level.

图4 匍匐茎连接或切断的狗牙根先端分株(A)、基端分株(B)在不同水淹深度(0、5和15 cm)下的平均节间长(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Mean internode length of apical ramets (A) and basal ramets (B) of Cynodon dactylon. The apical ramets submerged in water at a depth of 0, 5 and 15 cm were connected to or disconnected from the basal ramets growing in soil (mean ± SE). Different small letters mean significant difference at 0.05 level.

表2 匍匐茎切断(D)和水淹深度(S)及其交互作用(D × S)对狗牙根先端分株和基端分株的最大量子产率、实际量子产率影响的双因素方差分析(F值)

Table 2 Results (F value) of two-way ANOVA on the effects of stolon disconnection (D), submergence (S) and their interaction (D × S) on maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and effective quantum yield of PSII (Yield) of apical and basal ramets of Cynodon dactylon

变异来源 Source of variation	最大量子产率 F_v/F_m	实际量子产率 Yield
先端分株 Apical ramets
D	0.053^ns	1.426^ns
S	1.371^ns	2.768^ns
D × S	0.776^ns	0.647^ns
基端分株 Basal ramets
D	0.035^ns	0.413^ns
S	3.529^ns	0.620^ns
D × S	1.006^ns	1.473^ns

图5 匍匐茎连接或切断的狗牙根先端分株、基端分株在不同水淹深度(0、5和15 cm)下的最大量子产率(A、B)和实际量子产率(C、D) (平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) (A, B) and effective quantum yield of PSII (Yield) (C, D) of the apical ramets and basal ramets of Cynodon dactylon. The apical ramets submerged in water at a depth of 0, 5 and 15 cm were connected to or disconnected from the basal ramets growing in soil (mean ± SE). Different small letters mean significant difference at 0.05 level.

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