植物生态学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 145-149.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0018
收稿日期:
2005-10-25
接受日期:
2006-04-13
出版日期:
2007-10-25
发布日期:
2007-01-30
通讯作者:
冯固
作者简介:
* E-mail: fenggu@cau.edu.cn基金资助:
DING Xiao-Dong, GAO Dong-Rui, FENG Gu()
Received:
2005-10-25
Accepted:
2006-04-13
Online:
2007-10-25
Published:
2007-01-30
Contact:
FENG Gu
摘要:
在温室条件下采用营养液培养的方法研究了营养液中Cd2+浓度为0、10、50、200和500 μmol·L -1时,柽柳(短穗柽柳(Tamarix laxa))对重金属镉的吸收和分泌特点。研究结果表明:与对照相比,较低浓度(10 μmol·L -1)镉处理对柽柳的生长量、含水率均没有显著变化,两周培养期间内没有出现镉中毒症状;Cd2+浓度增加至50 μmol·L -1时对柽柳产生了较强的毒害作用,柽柳的生长量、植株含水率均明显下降,在加镉处理第十二天时营养枝开始发黄,出现镉中毒症状。柽柳不同器官镉积累量由大到小依次为:根系>新生营养枝>枝条。研究还发现,柽柳盐腺能够分泌镉,分泌镉的量占营养枝中镉含量的0.5%左右;在较低浓度(0~50 μmol·L-1)时柽柳对镉的分泌量随着培养液中Cd2+浓度的增加而增加,并在50 μmol·L -1镉处理时,分泌物中Cd2+浓度达到本试验中的最高点,然后镉的分泌量开始下降。这一结果说明,尽管泌盐盐生植物——柽柳的盐腺能够分泌重金属镉,但是其数量在植株累积的镉总量中所占甚少,对短穗柽柳耐镉毒害能力贡献不大。
丁效东, 高东瑞, 冯固. 柽柳对镉胁迫的生理生态响应. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(1): 145-149. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0018
DING Xiao-Dong, GAO Dong-Rui, FENG Gu. ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF TAMARIX LAXA TO CADMIUM STRESS. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(1): 145-149. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0018
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 症状 Symptom | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
地上部分 Shoot | 地下部分 Root | |||||||||||
0 | 无症状 No symptom | 无症状 No symptom | ||||||||||
10 | 无症状 No symptom | 根尖变大 Root tip enlarged | ||||||||||
50 | 14 d开始泛黄不如原先翠绿 Yellowed and losing green after 14 d | 根尖变大,根毛腐烂,由白变黑 Root tip enlarged,root hair rotted and changed from white to black | ||||||||||
200 | 12 d出现黄尖现象 Chlorosis of shoot tip after 12 d | 根毛腐烂,变黑 Root hair rotted,nigrescence | ||||||||||
500 | 12 d发生枯萎现象 Withered after 12 d | 根毛腐烂 Root hair rotted |
表1 不同水平镉处理柽柳的中毒症状表现
Table 1 Symptom of Tamarix laxa treated with different Cd2+ levels
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 症状 Symptom | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
地上部分 Shoot | 地下部分 Root | |||||||||||
0 | 无症状 No symptom | 无症状 No symptom | ||||||||||
10 | 无症状 No symptom | 根尖变大 Root tip enlarged | ||||||||||
50 | 14 d开始泛黄不如原先翠绿 Yellowed and losing green after 14 d | 根尖变大,根毛腐烂,由白变黑 Root tip enlarged,root hair rotted and changed from white to black | ||||||||||
200 | 12 d出现黄尖现象 Chlorosis of shoot tip after 12 d | 根毛腐烂,变黑 Root hair rotted,nigrescence | ||||||||||
500 | 12 d发生枯萎现象 Withered after 12 d | 根毛腐烂 Root hair rotted |
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 14 d相对生长量 (%) Relative biomass after 14 d | 含水率 Water content(%) | |
---|---|---|---|
地上部分 Shoot | 地下部分 Root | ||
0 | 55.2±7.4a | 73.8±1.2a | 90.9±0.4a |
10 | 49.3±8.0a | 69.2±2.4b | 89.7±0.7ab |
50 | 37.2±10.0b | 69.5±2.9b | 88.9±1.7bc |
200 | 19.2±4.1c | 66.2±0.9bc | 87.6±1.5cd |
500 | 11.7±6.9c | 62.6±4.0c | 87.5±0.4d |
表2 不同浓度镉处理下柽柳的生长量与含水率
Table 2 The biomass and water content of Tamarix laxa treated with different Cd2+ levels
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 14 d相对生长量 (%) Relative biomass after 14 d | 含水率 Water content(%) | |
---|---|---|---|
地上部分 Shoot | 地下部分 Root | ||
0 | 55.2±7.4a | 73.8±1.2a | 90.9±0.4a |
10 | 49.3±8.0a | 69.2±2.4b | 89.7±0.7ab |
50 | 37.2±10.0b | 69.5±2.9b | 88.9±1.7bc |
200 | 19.2±4.1c | 66.2±0.9bc | 87.6±1.5cd |
500 | 11.7±6.9c | 62.6±4.0c | 87.5±0.4d |
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 植株各部分中Cd2+浓度 Cd2+ content in different parts of plant (mg·kg-1 DW) | 植株各部分吸收镉占柽柳吸收镉的比例 Cd2+ content in different parts/overalls absorb content (%) | 富集系数* Accumulation coefficient | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
营养枝 Nutritional branch | 枝条 Branch | 根系 Roots | 营养枝 Nutritional branch | 枝条 Branch | 根系 Roots | ||
0 | 0a | 0a | 0a | - | - | - | - |
10 | 50.85±7.51b | 25.97±2.34b | 1 579.38±92.04b | 12 | 2 | 86 | 0.59 |
50 | 68.54±4.34b | 60.38±9.34c | 2 694.67±603.70c | 8 | 2 | 90 | 0.19 |
200 | 89.44±12.30c | 82.11±6.77d | 5 415.86±336.16d | 5 | 2 | 93 | 0.11 |
500 | 56.00±2.61b | 89.09±7.95d | 10 679.03±1 009.94e | 1 | 2 | 97 | 0.06 |
表3 不同浓度处理下柽柳各部分中镉的浓度
Table 3 The Cd2+ content of different part of Tamarix laxa grown under different Cd2+ levels
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 植株各部分中Cd2+浓度 Cd2+ content in different parts of plant (mg·kg-1 DW) | 植株各部分吸收镉占柽柳吸收镉的比例 Cd2+ content in different parts/overalls absorb content (%) | 富集系数* Accumulation coefficient | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
营养枝 Nutritional branch | 枝条 Branch | 根系 Roots | 营养枝 Nutritional branch | 枝条 Branch | 根系 Roots | ||
0 | 0a | 0a | 0a | - | - | - | - |
10 | 50.85±7.51b | 25.97±2.34b | 1 579.38±92.04b | 12 | 2 | 86 | 0.59 |
50 | 68.54±4.34b | 60.38±9.34c | 2 694.67±603.70c | 8 | 2 | 90 | 0.19 |
200 | 89.44±12.30c | 82.11±6.77d | 5 415.86±336.16d | 5 | 2 | 93 | 0.11 |
500 | 56.00±2.61b | 89.09±7.95d | 10 679.03±1 009.94e | 1 | 2 | 97 | 0.06 |
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 营养枝(盐腺)泌镉量 Cd2+ content in exudates (μg·kg-1 DW) | 营养枝泌镉量占营养枝含镉的比例 The ratio of Cd2+ in exudates to Cd2+ in nutritional branch (%) |
---|---|---|
0 | 0a | |
10 | 174.98±38.06b | 0.4a |
50 | 958.27±98.51d | 1.3b |
200 | 453.92±140.13c | 0.5a |
500 | 216.71±53.69bc | 0.3a |
表4 不同镉处理下柽柳盐腺对镉的分泌
Table 4 Excretion of Cd2+ from salt glands of Tamarix laxa growing under different Cd2+ levels
镉处理 Cd2+ treatment (μmol·L-1) | 营养枝(盐腺)泌镉量 Cd2+ content in exudates (μg·kg-1 DW) | 营养枝泌镉量占营养枝含镉的比例 The ratio of Cd2+ in exudates to Cd2+ in nutritional branch (%) |
---|---|---|
0 | 0a | |
10 | 174.98±38.06b | 0.4a |
50 | 958.27±98.51d | 1.3b |
200 | 453.92±140.13c | 0.5a |
500 | 216.71±53.69bc | 0.3a |
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