VARIATION IN WHEAT GRAIN QUALITY GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS WITH DIFFERENT SOWING DATES

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2005.0062

Abstract

Abstract:

Grain quality of wheat is influenced by variation in genotypes, environmental factors, management practices and their interactions. Six wheat genotypes differing in grain quality were planted at four different regional sites with different sowing dates to study the variation of yield and quality traits under different climatic conditions during grain filling. The results showed that ecological condition (E), variety (V) and their interactions (E×V) had significant impacts on grain yield, thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain protein content, wet gluten and starch content, sedimentation volume, and falling number. At the four experimental sites, sowing date (S) had a highly significant effect on yield and starch content in spite of environmental conditions. The interaction of V×S significantly affected TKW, falling number, starch content and sedimentation volume, and the interaction of E×V×S also was significant on yield, contents of wet gluten and starch and sedimentation volume. The lowest protein and wet gluten content and the highest starch content were found at the Nanjing site, the highest yield and TKW were at the Xuzhou site, the highest protein and wet gluten content and lowest sedimentation value were in Tai'an, and the lowest yield and TKW and highest sedimentation value were in Baoding. The protein, wet gluten and starch content, sedimentation value, and falling number under optimal and late sowing dates were all higher than those under early sowing dates, which produced the highest yield and TKW. For the six different genotypes, the CV of falling number was the largest and that of starch content was the smallest under different eco-sites and sowing dates. Starch content was negatively linearly correlated with mean temperature from anthesis to maturity, whereas grain yield, grain protein and wet gluten content and falling number showed a quadratic correlation. Yield and TKW showed a quadratic correlation, while protein and wet gluten content, falling number and sedimentation volume were linearly correlated to diurnal temperature differences. Grain yield and TKW showed upward quadratic equations, while grain protein content and falling number showed negative linear relationships with the total rainfall after anthesis. Also, the grain protein and wet gluten content and falling number were linearly correlated to the total number of sunshine from anthesis to maturity.

Key words: Wheat, Eco-environment, Sowing date, Grain yield, Grain quality, Variation

PAN Jie, JIANG Dong, DAI Ting-Bo, LAN Tao, CAO Wei-Xing. VARIATION IN WHEAT GRAIN QUALITY GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS WITH DIFFERENT SOWING DATES[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2005, 29(3): 467-473.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2005.0062

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2005/V29/I3/467

Figures/Tables 6

References 15

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地点 Site	土壤类型 Soil type	土壤有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	全N Total N (g·kg^-1)	水解N Hydrolyzed N (mg·kg^-1)	速效P P₂O₅ (mg·kg^-1)	速效K K₂O (mg·kg^-1)	适播期 Optimal sowing date
南京Nanjing	壤土 Loam	12.92	1.28	101.5	54.8	65.3	Nov.6
徐州Xuzhou	沙壤土Loamy sand	14.58	1.29	99.2	56.1	87.5	Oct.15
泰安Tai'an	沙壤土Loamy sand	12.80	1.06	102.6	64.0	50.2	Oct.10
保定Baoding	壤土Loam	10.21	0.91	86.3	56.5	90.0	Oct.1

地点 Site	土壤类型 Soil type	土壤有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	全N Total N (g·kg^-1)	水解N Hydrolyzed N (mg·kg^-1)	速效P P₂O₅ (mg·kg^-1)	速效K K₂O (mg·kg^-1)	适播期 Optimal sowing date
南京Nanjing	壤土 Loam	12.92	1.28	101.5	54.8	65.3	Nov.6
徐州Xuzhou	沙壤土Loamy sand	14.58	1.29	99.2	56.1	87.5	Oct.15
泰安Tai'an	沙壤土Loamy sand	12.80	1.06	102.6	64.0	50.2	Oct.10
保定Baoding	壤土Loam	10.21	0.91	86.3	56.5	90.0	Oct.1

变异因子 Source of variation	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)	千粒重 (g) Thousand kernels weight	蛋白质 Protein (%)	湿面筋 Wet gluten (%)	沉降值 Sedimentation volume (ml)	淀粉 Starch (%)	降落值 Falling number (s)
生态点Eco_site (E)	268.20^**	42.37^**	22.27^**	8.75^**	17.34^**	19.15^**	93.30^**
播种期Sowing date (S)	17.60^**	0.09	0.00	0.00	2.00	21.64^**	2.18
品种 Variety (V)	3.66^**	32.14^**	92.51^**	95.32^**	64.94^**	32.06^**	80.83^**
生态点×播种期 E×S	1.95	1.16	1.66	4.4^**	5.27^**	22.41^**	0.50
生态点×品种 E×V	7.13^**	4.24^**	5.14^**	2.11^*	11.7^**	4.90^**	5.26^**
播种期×品种 S×V	1.71	2.76^*	2.20	2.02	4.94^**	6.57^**	3.46^**
生态点×播种期×品种 E×S×V	2.22^*	1.19	1.39	2.00^*	1.98^*	4.71^**	1.29

变异因子 Source of variation	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)	千粒重 (g) Thousand kernels weight	蛋白质 Protein (%)	湿面筋 Wet gluten (%)	沉降值 Sedimentation volume (ml)	淀粉 Starch (%)	降落值 Falling number (s)
生态点Eco_site (E)	268.20^**	42.37^**	22.27^**	8.75^**	17.34^**	19.15^**	93.30^**
播种期Sowing date (S)	17.60^**	0.09	0.00	0.00	2.00	21.64^**	2.18
品种 Variety (V)	3.66^**	32.14^**	92.51^**	95.32^**	64.94^**	32.06^**	80.83^**
生态点×播种期 E×S	1.95	1.16	1.66	4.4^**	5.27^**	22.41^**	0.50
生态点×品种 E×V	7.13^**	4.24^**	5.14^**	2.11^*	11.7^**	4.90^**	5.26^**
播种期×品种 S×V	1.71	2.76^*	2.20	2.02	4.94^**	6.57^**	3.46^**
生态点×播种期×品种 E×S×V	2.22^*	1.19	1.39	2.00^*	1.98^*	4.71^**	1.29

		产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)	千粒重 (g) Thousand kernels weight	蛋白质 Protein (%)	湿面筋含量 Wet gluten (%)	沉降值 Sedimentation volume (ml)	淀粉 Starch (%)	降落值 Falling number (s)
生态点 Eco_site	南京Nanjing	5 365^c	46.69^b	13.15^c	27.94^c	56.50^b	64.38^a	336.9^d
	徐州Xuzhou	6 776^a	53.00^a	14.24^b	28.34^b	49.55^c	63.29^b	463.6^b
	泰安 Tai'an	6 124^b	45.73^c	14.43^a	29.43^a	49.50^c	60.90^c	435.6^c
	保定Baoding	3 396^d	40.93^d	14.30^b	28.40^b	57.11^a	64.54^a	467.3^a
播种期 Sowing date	早 Early	6 385^a	50.56^a	12.61^b	24.90^c	48.33^b	63.21^c	357.3^b
	适 Optimal	6 213^b	47.42^c	13.26^a	27.43^a	52.13^a	64.10^b	377.3^a
	晚 Late	6 006^c	48.45^b	13.21^a	26.27^b	52.75^a	65.03^a	378.7^a
品种 Variety	‘徐州26’ `Xuzhou 26'	5 876^f	51.84^b	15.08^a	30.80^b	43.51^f	63.55^b	401.7^b
	‘豫麦34’ `Yumai 34'	6 626^a	55.00^a	13.36^c	24.81^c	60.40^a	63.83^b	379.5^d
	‘皖麦38’ `Wanmai 38'	6 021^c	45.94^d	14.24^b	32.71^a	53.49^c	61.09^e	446.1^a
	‘扬麦10号’`Yangmai 10'	6 014^d	48.00^c	13.28^c	24.80^c	57.06^b	62.68^d	375.1^e
	‘徐州25’ `Xuzhou 25'	5 920^e	42.86^e	12.28^d	23.66^d	46.84^d	63.05^c	385.9^c
	‘宁麦9号’ `Ningmai 9'	6 275^b	38.70^f	11.08^e	23.24^d	44.63^e	66.39^a	292.5^f