Soil respiration and the 20-year change in three temperate forests in Mt. Dongling, Beijing

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0081

Abstract

Abstract: Aims

Our objective was to explore changes in soil respiration of three temperate forests in Mt. Dongling, Beijing over the last 20 years from the year of 1994-1995 to 2012-2015.

Methods

We re-investigated the permanent plots of three temperate forests (Betula platyphylla forest, Quercus wutaishanica forest and Pinus tabuliformis forest) which were established in 1992. We measured soil respiration for 3 years (2012-2015) using a LI-8100 Soil Respiration System. Continuous soil temperatures at 5 cm depth were measured at the same time. Annual soil respiration was accumulated using a relationship between soil respiration and soil temperature .

Important findings

We found that soil respiration rates were significantly correlated with soil temperature at 5 cm depth and that these correlations differed remarkably among the three forests. Annual soil respiration in B. platyphylla forest was highest, with a 3-year average of (574 ± 21) g C·m^-2, followed by Q. wutaishanica forest ((455 ± 31) g C·m^-2) and P. tabuliformis forest ((414 ± 35) g C·m^-2). In the past 20 years, annual soil respiration in all these forests increased significantly: compared to 1994-1995, the average in 2012-2015 increased by 85%, 17% and 73% for B. platyphylla, Q. wutaishanica, and P. tabuliformis forests, respectively.

Key words: soil respiration, soil temperature at 5 cm depth, temperature sensitivity (Q10), annual flux, temperate forest

YAO Hui,HU Xue-Yang,ZHU Jiang-Ling,ZHU Jian-Xiao,JI Cheng-Jun,FANG Jing-Yun. Soil respiration and the 20-year change in three temperate forests in Mt. Dongling, Beijing[J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2015, 39(9): 849-856.

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2015/V39/I9/849

Figures/Tables 5

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样地类型 Forest type	基础呼吸速率 Fundamental soil respiration (R₀)	Q₁₀值 Temperature sensitivity
白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest	0.51 (0.05)^a	3.69 (0.29)^a
辽东栎林 Quercus wutaishanica forest	0.29 (0.04)^b	4.13 (0.37)^b
油松林 Pinus tabuliformis forest	0.20 (0.04)^c	3.97 (0.47)^c

样地类型 Forest type	基础呼吸速率 Fundamental soil respiration (R₀)	Q₁₀值 Temperature sensitivity
白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest	0.51 (0.05)^a	3.69 (0.29)^a
辽东栎林 Quercus wutaishanica forest	0.29 (0.04)^b	4.13 (0.37)^b
油松林 Pinus tabuliformis forest	0.20 (0.04)^c	3.97 (0.47)^c

地点 Locality	经纬度 Location	主要树种 Dominant species	年呼吸量¹⁾ Annual soil respiration¹⁾	文献来源 Reference
温带阔叶林 Temperate broad-leaved forests
英国肯特郡 Kent, England	51.33° N, 1.08° E	Castanea sativa	630^a	Anderson, 1973
英国肯特郡 Kent, England	51.33° N, 1.08° E	Fagus sylvatica	575^a	Anderson, 1973
德国海德堡 Heidelberg, Germany	49.33° N, 8.67° E	水青冈 Fagus spp., 云杉 Picea spp.	470^a	Dörr & Münnich, 1987
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.38° N, 121.95° W	Alnus rubra	565^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA	45.50° N, 93.17° W	栎 Quercus spp.	794^b	Reiners, 1968
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA	45.50° N, 93.17° W	梣 Fraxinus spp.	707^b	Reiners, 1968
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA	45.50° N, 93.17° W	崖柏 Thuja spp., 桦木 Betula spp.	739^b	Reiners, 1968
美国密苏里州 Missouri, USA	38.80° N, 92.20° W	栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp.	1 013^b	Garrett & Cox, 1973
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	Lilriodendron tulipifera	1 065^b	Edwards & Harris, 1977
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	Lilriodendron tulipifera	505^b	Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1979
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp.	529^b	Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1983
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	Quercus prinus	610^b	Johnson & van Hook, 1989
美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA	35.05° N, 83.42° W	栎 Quercus spp.	857^b	Johnson & van Hook, 1989
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena	1 105^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena	779^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena, 栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis	912^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis	900^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China	33.38° N, 108.50° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena	771^a	Liu et al., 2003
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	785^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	山杨 Populus davidiana, 白桦 Betula platyphylla	813^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	山杨 Populus davidiana, 胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	786^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	781^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国河北 Heibei, China	42.50° N, 117.35° E	白桦 Betula platyphylla	575^d	Wang et al., 2010
中国北京 Beijing, China	39.95° N, 115.42° E	白桦 Betula platyphylla	574^d	本研究 This study
中国北京 Beijing, China	39.95° N, 115.42° E	辽东栎 Quercus wutaishanica	455^d	本研究 This study
温带针叶林 Temperate coniferous forests
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.38° N, 121.95° W	花旗松 Pseudotsuga menziesii	490^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.38° N, 121.95° W	Tsuga heterophylla	650^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.32° N, 121.58° W	Abies amabilis	620^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国南卡罗来纳州 South Carolina, USA	33.50° N, 81.67° W	长叶松 Pinus palustris	509^a	Reinke et al., 1981
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA	30° N, 82° W	湿地松 Pinus elliottii	1 300^b	Ewel et al., 1987a
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA	30° N, 82° W	湿地松 Pinus elliottii	850^b	Ewel et al., 1987b
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China	33.38° N, 108.50° E	油松 Pinus tabuliformis	609^a	Liu et al., 2003
中国甘肃 Gansu, China	38.43° N, 99.90° E	青海云杉 Picea crassifolia	584^c	Chang et al., 2008
中国甘肃 Gansu, China	38.43° N, 99.90° E	华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii	570^c	Chang et al., 2008
中国甘肃 Gansu, China	38.43° N, 99.90° E	祁连圆柏 Sabina przewalskii	518^c	Chang et al., 2008
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	红松 Pinus koraiensis	514^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii	403^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国河北 Heibei, China	42.50° N, 117.35° E	欧洲赤松 Pinus sylvestris	453^d	Wang et al., 2010
中国河北 Heibei, China	42.50° N, 117.35° E	华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii	435^d	Wang et al., 2010
中国北京 Beijing, China	39.95° N, 115.42° E	油松 Pinus tabuliformis	414^d	本研究 This study

地点 Locality	经纬度 Location	主要树种 Dominant species	年呼吸量¹⁾ Annual soil respiration¹⁾	文献来源 Reference
温带阔叶林 Temperate broad-leaved forests
英国肯特郡 Kent, England	51.33° N, 1.08° E	Castanea sativa	630^a	Anderson, 1973
英国肯特郡 Kent, England	51.33° N, 1.08° E	Fagus sylvatica	575^a	Anderson, 1973
德国海德堡 Heidelberg, Germany	49.33° N, 8.67° E	水青冈 Fagus spp., 云杉 Picea spp.	470^a	Dörr & Münnich, 1987
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.38° N, 121.95° W	Alnus rubra	565^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA	45.50° N, 93.17° W	栎 Quercus spp.	794^b	Reiners, 1968
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA	45.50° N, 93.17° W	梣 Fraxinus spp.	707^b	Reiners, 1968
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA	45.50° N, 93.17° W	崖柏 Thuja spp., 桦木 Betula spp.	739^b	Reiners, 1968
美国密苏里州 Missouri, USA	38.80° N, 92.20° W	栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp.	1 013^b	Garrett & Cox, 1973
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	Lilriodendron tulipifera	1 065^b	Edwards & Harris, 1977
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	Lilriodendron tulipifera	505^b	Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1979
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp.	529^b	Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1983
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA	35.97° N, 84.28° W	Quercus prinus	610^b	Johnson & van Hook, 1989
美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA	35.05° N, 83.42° W	栎 Quercus spp.	857^b	Johnson & van Hook, 1989
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena	1 105^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena	779^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena, 栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis	912^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国河南 Henan, China	33.47° N, 111.92° E	栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis	900^c	Chang et al., 2007
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China	33.38° N, 108.50° E	槲栎 Quercus aliena	771^a	Liu et al., 2003
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	785^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	山杨 Populus davidiana, 白桦 Betula platyphylla	813^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	山杨 Populus davidiana, 胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	786^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	781^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国河北 Heibei, China	42.50° N, 117.35° E	白桦 Betula platyphylla	575^d	Wang et al., 2010
中国北京 Beijing, China	39.95° N, 115.42° E	白桦 Betula platyphylla	574^d	本研究 This study
中国北京 Beijing, China	39.95° N, 115.42° E	辽东栎 Quercus wutaishanica	455^d	本研究 This study
温带针叶林 Temperate coniferous forests
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.38° N, 121.95° W	花旗松 Pseudotsuga menziesii	490^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.38° N, 121.95° W	Tsuga heterophylla	650^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA	47.32° N, 121.58° W	Abies amabilis	620^a	Vogt et al., 1980
美国南卡罗来纳州 South Carolina, USA	33.50° N, 81.67° W	长叶松 Pinus palustris	509^a	Reinke et al., 1981
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA	30° N, 82° W	湿地松 Pinus elliottii	1 300^b	Ewel et al., 1987a
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA	30° N, 82° W	湿地松 Pinus elliottii	850^b	Ewel et al., 1987b
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China	33.38° N, 108.50° E	油松 Pinus tabuliformis	609^a	Liu et al., 2003
中国甘肃 Gansu, China	38.43° N, 99.90° E	青海云杉 Picea crassifolia	584^c	Chang et al., 2008
中国甘肃 Gansu, China	38.43° N, 99.90° E	华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii	570^c	Chang et al., 2008
中国甘肃 Gansu, China	38.43° N, 99.90° E	祁连圆柏 Sabina przewalskii	518^c	Chang et al., 2008
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	红松 Pinus koraiensis	514^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China	45.37° N, 127.53° E	兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii	403^c	Wang et al., 2006
中国河北 Heibei, China	42.50° N, 117.35° E	欧洲赤松 Pinus sylvestris	453^d	Wang et al., 2010
中国河北 Heibei, China	42.50° N, 117.35° E	华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii	435^d	Wang et al., 2010
中国北京 Beijing, China	39.95° N, 115.42° E	油松 Pinus tabuliformis	414^d	本研究 This study