Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 597-609.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0011
• Research Articles • Next Articles
Xin-Qi WANG, Yi HAN, Chuan-Kuan WANG*()
Received:
2017-05-31
Accepted:
2017-01-17
Online:
2017-06-10
Published:
2017-07-19
Contact:
Chuan-Kuan WANG
About author:
KANG Jing-yao(1991-), E-mail: Xin-Qi WANG, Yi HAN, Chuan-Kuan WANG. Soil microbial biomass and its seasonality in deciduous broadleaved forests with different stand ages in the Mao’ershan region, Northeast China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2017, 41(6): 597-609.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2017.0011
林龄 Site age (a) | 坡度 Slope (°) | 林分密度 Site density (trees•hm-2) | 胸高断面积 Basal area (m2•hm-2) | 平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm) | 林分组成 Site composition | 0-20 cm土壤pH值 Soil pH value at 0-20 cm depth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 未评估 Not assessed | 4.70 ± 0.16 |
10 | 15 | 6 200 ± 2 300 | 19.51 ± 2.40 | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 10BP+PU+PA+AM | 4.83 ± 0.21 |
25 | 15 | 6 028 ± 804 | 25.62 ± 2.30 | 12.2 ± 0.4 | 5BP3PD1UJ1FM+AM-PA-QM | 4.85 ± 0.10 |
56 | 18 | 1 833 ± 617 | 28.77 ± 4.12 | 26.8 ± 1.3 | 3BP2AM1UJ1JM1FM 1PD1TM+TA+PA-QM | 4.45 ± 0.30 |
Table 1 Characteristics of the sampled plots (mean ± SD, n = 3)
林龄 Site age (a) | 坡度 Slope (°) | 林分密度 Site density (trees•hm-2) | 胸高断面积 Basal area (m2•hm-2) | 平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm) | 林分组成 Site composition | 0-20 cm土壤pH值 Soil pH value at 0-20 cm depth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 未评估 Not assessed | 4.70 ± 0.16 |
10 | 15 | 6 200 ± 2 300 | 19.51 ± 2.40 | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 10BP+PU+PA+AM | 4.83 ± 0.21 |
25 | 15 | 6 028 ± 804 | 25.62 ± 2.30 | 12.2 ± 0.4 | 5BP3PD1UJ1FM+AM-PA-QM | 4.85 ± 0.10 |
56 | 18 | 1 833 ± 617 | 28.77 ± 4.12 | 26.8 ± 1.3 | 3BP2AM1UJ1JM1FM 1PD1TM+TA+PA-QM | 4.45 ± 0.30 |
Fig. 1 Comparisons of the vertical changes in the means of soil microbial biomass carbon content (A), nitrogen content (B) and carbon and nitrogen ratio (C) at different sites during the growing season (mean ± SE). Different capital letters of the same site indicate significant differences between soil layers, and different lowercase letters of the same soil layer indicate significant differences among sites, while the same letter indicates no significant difference.
Fig. 2 Comparisons of the vertical changes in the means of soil dissolved organic carbon content (A), total nitrogen content (B), dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen ratio (C), and water content (D) among the four sites during the growing season (mean ± SE). Different capital letters of the same site indicate significant differences between soil layers, and different lowercase letters of the same soil layer indicate significant differences among sites, while the same letter indicates no significant difference.
Fig. 3 Comparisons of the means of soil temperature at 5 cm depth during the growing season among sites and their seasonal dynamics (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among sites.
Fig. 4 Seasonal dynamics in soil microbial biomass carbon content, nitrogen content and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen ratio at different sites (mean ± SE).
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 微生物生物量 Microbial biomass | Csoil (mg•kg-1) | Nsoil (mg•kg-1) | Csoil/Nsoil | Rmass (g•m-2) | Cdis (mg•kg-1) | Ndis (mg•kg-1) | Cdis/Ndis | pH | WC (%) | T5 (℃) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-10 | Cmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.42 | 0.45 | 0.20 | 0.62* | 0.18 | 0.71* | -0.62* | -0.54 | 0.64* | -0.40 |
Nmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0.04 | 0.59* | 0.27 | 0.69* | -0.53 | 0.01 | 0.48 | -0.26 | |
Cmic/Nmic | 0.32 | 0.30 | 0.19 | -0.20 | -0.26 | -0.23 | -0.01 | -0.38 | 0.02 | -0.24 | |
10-20 | Cmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.43 | 0.42 | -0.21 | 0.50 | -0.12 | 0.58* | -0.14 | -0.22 | 0.52 | -0.51 |
Nmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.24 | 0.26 | -0.17 | 0.30 | -0.18 | 0.50 | -0.21 | -0.20 | 0.40 | -0.32 | |
Cmic/Nmic | 0.59* | 0.53 | -0.16 | 0.55 | 0.06 | 0.30 | -0.06 | -0.29 | 0.53 | -0.59* |
Table 2 Pearson’s correlation coefficient of soil microbial biomass and related factors (n = 12)
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 微生物生物量 Microbial biomass | Csoil (mg•kg-1) | Nsoil (mg•kg-1) | Csoil/Nsoil | Rmass (g•m-2) | Cdis (mg•kg-1) | Ndis (mg•kg-1) | Cdis/Ndis | pH | WC (%) | T5 (℃) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0-10 | Cmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.42 | 0.45 | 0.20 | 0.62* | 0.18 | 0.71* | -0.62* | -0.54 | 0.64* | -0.40 |
Nmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0.04 | 0.59* | 0.27 | 0.69* | -0.53 | 0.01 | 0.48 | -0.26 | |
Cmic/Nmic | 0.32 | 0.30 | 0.19 | -0.20 | -0.26 | -0.23 | -0.01 | -0.38 | 0.02 | -0.24 | |
10-20 | Cmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.43 | 0.42 | -0.21 | 0.50 | -0.12 | 0.58* | -0.14 | -0.22 | 0.52 | -0.51 |
Nmic (mg•kg-1) | 0.24 | 0.26 | -0.17 | 0.30 | -0.18 | 0.50 | -0.21 | -0.20 | 0.40 | -0.32 | |
Cmic/Nmic | 0.59* | 0.53 | -0.16 | 0.55 | 0.06 | 0.30 | -0.06 | -0.29 | 0.53 | -0.59* |
因变量 Dependent variable | 林龄 Site age (a) | 0-10 cm土层 0-10 cm soil layer | 10-20 cm土层 0-10 cm soil layer | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
预测变量 Predictors | R2 | p | 预测变量 Predictors | R2 | p | ||
Cmic | 0 | NS | WC (+) | 0.371 | 0.003 | ||
10 | Ndis (+) | 0.373 | 0.003 | Ndis (+) | 0.352 | 0.005 | |
Ndis (+), T5 (+) | 0.506 | 0.002 | Ndis (+), WC (+) | 0.556 | 0.001 | ||
25 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.232 | 0.027 | Ndis (+) | 0.232 | 0.027 | |
56 | NS | Cdis (+) | 0.509 | <0.001 | |||
Nmic | 0 | NS | WC (+) | 0.255 | 0.020 | ||
10 | Ndis (+) | 0.242 | 0.024 | WC | 0.296 | 0.011 | |
Ndis (+), T5 (+), Cdis (+) | 0.579 | 0.002 | |||||
25 | NS | Cdis (+) | 0.195 | 0.044 | |||
56 | Cdis/Ndis (+) | 0.251 | 0.021 | Cdis/Ndis (+) | 0.497 | <0.001 | |
Cdis/Ndis (+), Cdis (+), T5 (+) | 0.752 | <0.001 | |||||
Cmic/Nmic | 0 | T5 (-) | 0.342 | 0.005 | T5 (-) | 0.351 | 0.005 |
T5 (-), Cdis (-) | 0.557 | 0.001 | T5 (-), Cdis (-) | 0.709 | <0.001 | ||
10 | NS | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.496 | <0.001 | |||
25 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.256 | 0.019 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.253 | 0.020 | |
56 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.313 | 0.008 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.402 | 0.002 | |
Cdis/Ndis (-), T5 (-) | 0.650 | <0.001 |
Table 3 Results of stepwise regression of soil microbial biomass on related factors (n = 21)
因变量 Dependent variable | 林龄 Site age (a) | 0-10 cm土层 0-10 cm soil layer | 10-20 cm土层 0-10 cm soil layer | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
预测变量 Predictors | R2 | p | 预测变量 Predictors | R2 | p | ||
Cmic | 0 | NS | WC (+) | 0.371 | 0.003 | ||
10 | Ndis (+) | 0.373 | 0.003 | Ndis (+) | 0.352 | 0.005 | |
Ndis (+), T5 (+) | 0.506 | 0.002 | Ndis (+), WC (+) | 0.556 | 0.001 | ||
25 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.232 | 0.027 | Ndis (+) | 0.232 | 0.027 | |
56 | NS | Cdis (+) | 0.509 | <0.001 | |||
Nmic | 0 | NS | WC (+) | 0.255 | 0.020 | ||
10 | Ndis (+) | 0.242 | 0.024 | WC | 0.296 | 0.011 | |
Ndis (+), T5 (+), Cdis (+) | 0.579 | 0.002 | |||||
25 | NS | Cdis (+) | 0.195 | 0.044 | |||
56 | Cdis/Ndis (+) | 0.251 | 0.021 | Cdis/Ndis (+) | 0.497 | <0.001 | |
Cdis/Ndis (+), Cdis (+), T5 (+) | 0.752 | <0.001 | |||||
Cmic/Nmic | 0 | T5 (-) | 0.342 | 0.005 | T5 (-) | 0.351 | 0.005 |
T5 (-), Cdis (-) | 0.557 | 0.001 | T5 (-), Cdis (-) | 0.709 | <0.001 | ||
10 | NS | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.496 | <0.001 | |||
25 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.256 | 0.019 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.253 | 0.020 | |
56 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.313 | 0.008 | Cdis/Ndis (-) | 0.402 | 0.002 | |
Cdis/Ndis (-), T5 (-) | 0.650 | <0.001 |
Fig. 5 Seasonal dynamics in soil dissolved organic carbon content (A), total nitrogen content (B), dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen ratio (C), and water content (D) at different sites (mean ± SE).
[1] | An R, Gong JR, You X, Ge ZW, Duan QW, Yan X (2011). Seasonal dynamics of soil microorganisms and soil nutrients in fast-growingPopulus plantation forests of different ages in Yili, Xinjiang, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 35, 389-401. (in Chinese with English abstract)[安然, 龚吉蕊, 尤鑫, 葛之葳, 段庆伟, 晏欣 (2011). 不同龄级速生杨人工林土壤微生物数量与养分动态变化. 植物生态学报, 35, 389-401.] |
[2] | Binkley D, Fisher R (2012). Ecology and Management of Forest Soils. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 151-153. |
[3] | Björk RG, Björkman MP, Andersson MX, Klemedtsson L (2008). Temporal variation in soil microbial communities in Alpine tundra.Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 40, 266-268. |
[4] | Chapin III FS, Matson PA, Vitousek PM (2011). Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology. 2nd edn. Springer, New York. |
[5] | Chodak M, Pietrzykowski M, Niklińska M (2009). Development of microbial properties in a chronosequence of sandy mine soils.Applied Soil Ecology, 41, 259-268. |
[6] | Deng RJ, Yang WQ, Feng RF, Hu JL, Qin JL, Xiong XJ (2009). Mass loss and element release of litter in the subalpine forest over one freeze-thaw season.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 29, 5730-5735. (in Chinese with English abstract)[邓仁菊, 杨万勤, 冯瑞芳, 胡建利, 秦嘉励, 熊雪晶 (2009). 季节性冻融期间亚高山森林凋落物的质量损失及元素释放. 生态学报, 29, 5730-5735.] |
[7] | Ding S, Wang CK (2009). Soil microbial biomass in Larlix gmelinii forests along a latitudinal gradient during soil thawing. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 20, 2072-2078. (in Chinese with English abstract)[丁爽, 王传宽 (2009). 春季解冻期不同纬度兴安落叶松林的土壤微生物生物量. 应用生态学报, 20, 2072-2078.] |
[8] | Edwards KA, Jefferies RL (2013). Inter-annual and seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass and nutrients in wet and dry low-Arctic sedge meadows.Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 57, 83-90. |
[9] | Edwards KA, McCulloch J, Kershaw GP, Jefferies RL (2006). Soil microbial and nutrient dynamics in a wet Arctic sedge meadow in late winter and early spring.Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 38, 2843-2851. |
[10] | Fierer N, Schimel JP, Holden PA (2003). Variations in microbial community composition through two soil depth profiles.Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 35, 167-176. |
[11] | Foote J, Boutton T, Scott D (2015). Soil C and N storage and microbial biomass in US southern pine forests: Influence of forest management.Forest Ecology and Management, 355, 48-57. |
[12] | Freppaz M, Said-Pullicino D, Filippa G, Celi L, Zanini E, Curtaz F (2014). Winter-spring transition induces changes in nutrients and microbial biomass in mid-alpine forest soils.Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 78, 54-57. |
[13] | Frouz J, Nováková A (2005). Development of soil microbial properties in topsoil layer during spontaneous succession in heaps after brown coal mining in relation to humus microstructure development.Geoderma, 129, 54-64. |
[14] | Guariguata MR, Ostertag R (2001). Neotropical secondary forest succession: Changes in structural and functional characteristics.Forest Ecology and Management, 148, 185-206. |
[15] | Guo D, Mou P, Jones RH, Mitchell RJ (2004). Spatio-temporal patterns of soil available nutrients following experimental disturbance in a pine forest.Oecologia, 138, 613-621. |
[16] | Jia GM, Cao J, Wang C, Wang G (2005). Microbial biomass and nutrients in soil at the different stages of secondary forest succession in Ziwulin, northwest China.Forest Ecology and Management, 217, 117-125. |
[17] | Kaiser C, Franklin O, Dieckmann U, Richter A (2014). Microbial community dynamics alleviate stoichiometric constraints during litter decay.Ecology Letters, 17, 680-690. |
[18] | Kaiser C, Fuchslueger L, Koranda M, Gorfer M, Stange CF, Kitzler B, Rasche F, Strauss J, Sessitsch A, Zechmeister- Boltenstern S (2011). Plants control the seasonal dynamics of microbial N cycling in a beech forest soil by belowground C allocation.Ecology, 92, 1036-1051. |
[19] | Li XF, Zhang Y, Niu LJ, Han SJ (2007). Litter decomposition processes in the pure birch (Betula platyphlla) forest and the birch and poplar(Populus davidiana) mixed forest. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 27, 1782-1790. (in Chinese with English abstract)[李雪峰, 张岩, 牛丽君, 韩士杰 (2007). 长白山白桦(Betula platyphlla)纯林和白桦山杨(Populus davidiana)混交林凋落物的分解. 生态学报, 27, 1782-1790.] |
[20] | Lin G, Mccormack ML, Ma C, Guo D (2016). Similar below- ground carbon cycling dynamics but contrasting modes of nitrogen cycling between arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal forests.New Phytologist, 213, 1440-1451. |
[21] | Litton CM, Ryan MG, Knight DH, Stahl PD (2003). Soil-surface carbon dioxide efflux and microbial biomass in relation to tree density 13 years after a stand replacing fire in a lodgepole pine ecosystem.Global Change Biology, 9, 680-696. |
[22] | Liu C, Liu YK, Jin GZ (2014). Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass in six forest types in Xiaoxing’an Mountains, China.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 34, 451-459.(in Chinese with English abstract)[刘纯, 刘延坤, 金光泽 (2014). 小兴安岭6种森林类型土壤微生物量的季节变化特征. 生态学报, 34, 451-459.] |
[23] | Liu S, Wang CK (2010). Spatio-temporal patterns of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in five temperate forest ecosystems.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 30, 3135-3143. (in Chinese with English abstract)[刘爽, 王传宽 (2010). 五种温带森林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的时空格局. 生态学报, 30, 3135-3143.] |
[24] | Mäkiranta P, Laiho R, Penttilä T, Minkkinen K (2012). The impact of logging residue on soil GHG fluxes in a drained peatland forest.Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 48, 1-9. |
[25] | Mao R, Zeng DH, Li LJ, Hu YL (2012). Changes in labile soil organic matter fractions following land use change from monocropping to poplar-based agroforestry systems in a semiarid region of Northeast China.Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184, 6845-6853. |
[26] | Odum EP (1969). The strategy of ecosystem development.Science, 164, 262-270. |
[27] | Pandey CB, Singh GB, Singh SK, Singh RK (2010). Soil nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon dynamics in native forests and derived agricultural land uses in a humid tropical climate of India.Plant and Soil, 333, 453-467. |
[28] | R Core Team (2012). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. |
[29] | Robert J, Nalan W, Katea E, Jack D (2010). Is the decline of soil microbial biomass in late winter coupled to changes in the physical state of cold soils?Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 42, 129-135. |
[30] | Saynes V, Hidalgo C, Etchevers JD, Campo JE (2005). Soil C and N dynamics in primary and secondary seasonally dry tropical forests in Mexico.Applied Soil Ecology, 29, 282-289. |
[31] | Smith AP, Marín-Spiotta E, Balser T (2015). Successional and seasonal variations in soil and litter microbial community structure and function during tropical post-agricultural forest regeneration: A multi-year study.Global Change Biology, 21, 3532-3547. |
[32] | Song P, Ren H, Jia Q, Guo J, Zhang N, Ma K (2015). Effects of historical logging on soil microbial communities in a subtropical forest in southern China.Plant and Soil, 397, 115-126. |
[33] | Spohn M, Novák TJ, Incze J, Giani L (2016). Dynamics of soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in calcareous soils after land-use abandonment—A chronosequence study.Plant and Soil, 401, 185-196. |
[34] | Sterner RW,Elser JJ(2002). Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA. |
[35] | Susyan EA, Wirth S, Ananyeva ND, Stolnikova EV (2011). Forest succession on abandoned arable soils in European Russia—Impacts on microbial biomass, fungal-bacterial ratio, and basal CO2 respiration activity.European Journal of Soil Biology, 47, 169-174. |
[36] | Trap J, Laval K, Akpa-Vinceslas M, Gangneux C, Bureau F, Decaëns T, Aubert M (2011). Humus macro-morphology and soil microbial community changes along a 130-year- oldFagus sylvatica chronosequence. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 43, 1553-1562. |
[37] | Vance E, Brookes P, Jenkinson D (1987). An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C.Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 19, 703-707. |
[38] | Walker LR, Wardle DA, Bardgett RD, Clarkson BD (2010). The use of chronosequences in studies of ecological succession and soil development.Journal of Ecology, 98, 725-736. |
[39] | Wang CK, Yang JY, Zhang QZ (2006). Soil respiration in six temperate forests in China.Global Change Biology, 12, 2103-2114. |
[40] | Wang FL, Bettany JR (1993). Influence of freeze-thaw and flooding on the loss of soluble organic carbon and carbon dioxide from soil.Journal of Environmental Quality, 22, 709-714. |
[41] | Wang XQ, Wang CK, Han Y (2015). Effects of tree species on soil organic carbon density: A common garden experiment of five temperate tree species.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 39, 1033-1043. (in Chinese with English abstract)[王薪琪, 王传宽, 韩轶 (2015). 树种对土壤有机碳密度的影响: 5种温带树种同质园试验. 植物生态学报, 39, 1033-1043.] |
[42] | Wen L, Lei P, Xiang W, Yan W, Liu S (2014). Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in pure and mixed sites of Pinus massoniana and Cinnamomum camphora differing in stand age. Forest Ecology and Management, 328, 150-158. |
[43] | Xu XF, Schimel JP, Thornton PE, Song X, Yuan FM, Goswami S (2014). Substrate and environmental controls on microbial assimilation of soil organic carbon: A framework for Earth system models.Ecology Letter, 17, 547-555. |
[44] | Xu XF, Thornton PE, Post WM (2013). A global analysis of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in terrestrial ecosystems.Global Ecology and Biogeography, 22, 737-749. |
[45] | Yang K, Zhu JJ, Zhang JX, Run QL (2009). Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N in two larch plantation forests with different ages in Northeastern China.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 29, 5500-5507. (in Chinese with English abstract)[杨凯, 朱教君, 张金鑫, 闰巧玲 (2009). 不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的季节变化. 生态学报, 29, 5500-5507.] |
[46] | Yang Y, Luo Y, Finzi AC (2011). Carbon and nitrogen dynamics during forest stand development: A global synthesis.New Phytologist, 190, 977-989. |
[47] | Yuan BC, Yue DX (2012). Soil microbial and enzymatic activities across a chronosequence of Chinese pine plantation development on the Loess Plateau of China.Pedosphere, 22, 1-12. |
[48] | Zhou ZH, Wang CK (2015). Reviews and syntheses: Soil resources and climate jointly drive variations in microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in China’s forest ecosystems.Biogeosciences Discussions, 12, 6751-6760. |
[49] | Zhu N, Jiang H, Jin YY (1990). A phenology study on the common tree species of natural secondary forests in Northeast China.Acta Phytoecologica et Geobotanica Sinica, 14, 336-349. (in Chinese)[祝宁, 江洪, 金永岩 (1990). 中国东北天然次生林主要树种的物候研究. 植物生态学与地植物学学报, 14, 336-349.] |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||
Copyright © 2022 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
Tel: 010-62836134, 62836138, E-mail: apes@ibcas.ac.cn, cjpe@ibcas.ac.cn