Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 80-92.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0177
• Research Articles • Previous Articles
WEN Chao1,2,*(),SHAN Yu-Mei1,2,YE Ru-Han1,2,ZHANG Pu-Jin1,2,MU Lan1,2,CHANG Hong1,2,REN Ting-Ting3,4,CHEN Shi-Ping3,4,BAI Yong-Fei3,4,HUANG Jian-Hui3,4,SUN Hai-Lian1,2
Received:
2018-07-30
Revised:
2019-07-22
Online:
2020-01-20
Published:
2020-03-26
Contact:
WEN Chao
Supported by:
WEN Chao,SHAN Yu-Mei,YE Ru-Han,ZHANG Pu-Jin,MU Lan,CHANG Hong,REN Ting-Ting,CHEN Shi-Ping,BAI Yong-Fei,HUANG Jian-Hui,SUN Hai-Lian. Effects of nitrogen and water addition on soil respiration in a Nei Mongol desert steppe with different intensities of grazing history[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2020, 44(1): 80-92.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0177
年份 Year | 处理 Treatment | 土壤温度 ST | 土壤含水量 SM | 土壤呼吸速率 SR |
---|---|---|---|---|
2015 | M | 90.56*** | 160.57*** | 120.88*** |
W | 1.40 | 172.25*** | 59.31*** | |
M ′ W | 0.38 | 9.10*** | 3.27* | |
2016 | M | 37.56*** | 377.57*** | 939.39*** |
GI | 1.65 | 0.24 | 7.00*** | |
W | 0.32 | 404.03*** | 75.63*** | |
M ′ W | 0.10 | 4.20** | 4.66** | |
2017 | M | 30.82*** | 103.92*** | 79.29*** |
GI | 1.42 | 0.49 | 4.26** | |
W | 0.04 | 159.55*** | 250.15*** | |
N | 0.33 | 10.92** | 41.55*** | |
M ′ W | 0.92 | 4.55** | 16.68*** | |
W′ N | 0.80 | 3.05 | 7.95** |
Table 1 Results (F-value) of four-way ANOVA on the effects of month (M), grazing intensity (GI), water (W), nitrogen addition (N) and their interactions on growing season soil temperature (ST), soil moisture (SM) and soil respiration (SR), 2015 to 2017, in a Nei Mongol desert steppe
年份 Year | 处理 Treatment | 土壤温度 ST | 土壤含水量 SM | 土壤呼吸速率 SR |
---|---|---|---|---|
2015 | M | 90.56*** | 160.57*** | 120.88*** |
W | 1.40 | 172.25*** | 59.31*** | |
M ′ W | 0.38 | 9.10*** | 3.27* | |
2016 | M | 37.56*** | 377.57*** | 939.39*** |
GI | 1.65 | 0.24 | 7.00*** | |
W | 0.32 | 404.03*** | 75.63*** | |
M ′ W | 0.10 | 4.20** | 4.66** | |
2017 | M | 30.82*** | 103.92*** | 79.29*** |
GI | 1.42 | 0.49 | 4.26** | |
W | 0.04 | 159.55*** | 250.15*** | |
N | 0.33 | 10.92** | 41.55*** | |
M ′ W | 0.92 | 4.55** | 16.68*** | |
W′ N | 0.80 | 3.05 | 7.95** |
Fig. 2 Changes in growing season soil moisture content and soil temperature, 2015 to 2017, in a Nei Mongol desert steppe (mean + SE). CKs, N, W, NW represent no addition of water and nitrogen, addition of nitrogen, addition of water, and combined addition of water and nitrogen, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments in the same year at the 0.05 level; different uppercase letters indicate a significant difference between years at the 0.05 level.
Fig. 3 Average soil respiration rate for 3 years under different grazing intensities under different treatments in a Nei Mongol desert steppe (mean + SE). CK, LG, MG, HG represent non-grazing, light grazing, moderate grazing and heavy grazing, respectively. CKs, N, W, NW represent no addition of water and nitrogen, addition of nitrogen, addition of water, and combined addition of water and nitrogen, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments in the same year at the 0.05 level.
Fig. 4 Response of soil respiration to nitrogen and water addition in a Nei Mongol desert steppe (mean ± SE). CK, LG, MG, HG represent non-grazing, light grazing, moderate grazing and heavy grazing, respectively. CKs, N, W, NW represent no addition of water and nitrogen, addition of nitrogen, addition of water, and combined addition of water and nitrogen, respectively. *, p < 0.05; ns, p > 0.05。
Fig. 5 Effects of different grazing intensities on the average soil respiration rate during the three years (2015-2017) under different water and nitrogen treatments in a Nei Mongol desert steppe (mean + SE). CK, LG, MG, HG represent non-grazing, light grazing, moderate grazing and heavy grazing, respectively. CKs, N, W, NW represent no addition of water and nitrogen, addition of nitrogen, addition of water, and combined addition of water and nitrogen, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments in the same year at the 0.05 level.
放牧强度 Grazing intensity | 处理 Treatment | n | 方程 Equation | R2 | Q10 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.35e0.036t | 0.026 | 1.43 | 0.477 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.46e0.029t | 0.023 | 1.33 | 0.554 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.27e0.062t | 0.102 | 1.86 | 0.243 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.17e0.085t | 0.222 | 2.35 | 0.064 | |
LG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.60e0.020t | 0.008 | 1.22 | 0.560 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.54e0.026t | 0.020 | 1.30 | 0.566 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.23e0.069t | 0.141 | 2.00 | 0.204 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.24e0.075t | 0.193 | 2.11 | 0.097 | |
MG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.51e0.026t | 0.012 | 1.29 | 0.511 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.38e0.041t | 0.051 | 1.51 | 0.369 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.25e0.069t | 0.153 | 2.00 | 0.170 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.17e0.088t | 0.244 | 2.41 | 0.062 | |
HG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.71e0.012t | 0.003 | 1.13 | 0.546 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.36e0.039t | 0.045 | 1.47 | 0.412 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.29e0.060t | 0.135 | 1.83 | 0.147 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.25e0.074t | 0.213 | 2.09 | 0.072 |
Table 2 Relationship between soil respiration rate and soil temperature at 10 cm depth in a Nei Mongol desert steppe
放牧强度 Grazing intensity | 处理 Treatment | n | 方程 Equation | R2 | Q10 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.35e0.036t | 0.026 | 1.43 | 0.477 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.46e0.029t | 0.023 | 1.33 | 0.554 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.27e0.062t | 0.102 | 1.86 | 0.243 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.17e0.085t | 0.222 | 2.35 | 0.064 | |
LG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.60e0.020t | 0.008 | 1.22 | 0.560 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.54e0.026t | 0.020 | 1.30 | 0.566 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.23e0.069t | 0.141 | 2.00 | 0.204 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.24e0.075t | 0.193 | 2.11 | 0.097 | |
MG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.51e0.026t | 0.012 | 1.29 | 0.511 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.38e0.041t | 0.051 | 1.51 | 0.369 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.25e0.069t | 0.153 | 2.00 | 0.170 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.17e0.088t | 0.244 | 2.41 | 0.062 | |
HG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.71e0.012t | 0.003 | 1.13 | 0.546 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.36e0.039t | 0.045 | 1.47 | 0.412 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.29e0.060t | 0.135 | 1.83 | 0.147 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.25e0.074t | 0.213 | 2.09 | 0.072 |
放牧强度 Grazing intensity | 处理 Treatment | n | 方程 Equation | R2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.12Ws - 0.35 | 0.44 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws - 0.02 | 0.30 | <0.001 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.19 | 0.28 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.10 | 0.34 | <0.001 | |
LG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.14Ws - 0.46 | 0.46 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws + 0.12 | 0.29 | <0.001 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.29 | 0.24 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws + 0.23 | 0.34 | <0.001 | |
MG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.13Ws - 0.34 | 0.40 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.11Ws - 0.08 | 0.36 | <0.001 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.11Ws - 0.04 | 0.32 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.10Ws - 0.15 | 0.44 | <0.001 | |
HG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.10Ws - 0.05 | 0.34 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.18 | 0.25 | <0.05 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws + 0.01 | 0.31 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.31 | 0.28 | <0.001 |
Table 3 Relationship between soil respiration rate (Rs) and soil moisture content Ws in a Nei Mongol desert steppe
放牧强度 Grazing intensity | 处理 Treatment | n | 方程 Equation | R2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.12Ws - 0.35 | 0.44 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws - 0.02 | 0.30 | <0.001 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.19 | 0.28 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.10 | 0.34 | <0.001 | |
LG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.14Ws - 0.46 | 0.46 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws + 0.12 | 0.29 | <0.001 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.29 | 0.24 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws + 0.23 | 0.34 | <0.001 | |
MG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.13Ws - 0.34 | 0.40 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.11Ws - 0.08 | 0.36 | <0.001 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.11Ws - 0.04 | 0.32 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.10Ws - 0.15 | 0.44 | <0.001 | |
HG | CKs | 24 | Rs = 0.10Ws - 0.05 | 0.34 | <0.001 |
N | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.18 | 0.25 | <0.05 | |
W | 24 | Rs = 0.09Ws + 0.01 | 0.31 | <0.001 | |
NW | 24 | Rs = 0.08Ws + 0.31 | 0.28 | <0.001 |
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