Improvement of continuous microbial environment in peanut rhizosphere soil by Funneliformis mosseae

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2019.0036

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Long-time continuing cropping of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) would result in soil deterioration, which would seriously affect the productivity and the quality of peanut. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been used as a fertilizer that may improve root microenvironment, increase nutrient uptake and stress resistance of the plants. This study investigated the effects of Funneliformis mosseae on peanut rhizosphere microenvironment under continuing peanut cropping.
Methods We conducted an experiment to examine soil properties, peanut productivity and quality between the treatments of: (1) peanut seedlings inoculated with F. mosseae in continuous cropping soil, and (2) peanut seedlings without the inoculation.
Important findings We observed that F. mosseae significantly enhanced the activity of sucrase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and nitrate reductase in soil, significantly increased the soil contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus and available potassium. Meanwhile, the abundances of Aspergillus, Fusarium and Gibberella in the rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping were decreased, while the abundances of Gaiella was significantly increased comparing to the treatment without F. mosseae inoculation. In addition, F. mosseae significantly increased the peanut yield and quality, including protein, oleic acid and linoleic acid content. Our results suggested that F. mosseae improve the peanut rhizosphere environment, alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping.

Key words: peanut, continuous cropping, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizosphere microecology, microorganism

CUI Li, GUO Feng, ZHANG Jia-Lei, YANG Sha, WANG Jian-Guo, MENG Jing-Jing, GENG Yun, LI Xin-Guo, WAN Shu-Bo. Improvement of continuous microbial environment in peanut rhizosphere soil by Funneliformis mosseae[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(8): 718-728.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2019.0036

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2019/V43/I8/718

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 Effects of inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae on enzyme activities of solid-sucrase (S-SC)(A), solid-urease (S-UE)(B), solid alkaline-phosphatase (S-AKP/ALP)(C) and solid-nitrate reductase (S-NR)(D) in rhizosphere soil of continuing cropping peanut at different growth stages (mean ± SE). * indicates significant difference between the two treatments (p < 0.05). ▲, without F. mosseae inoculation; △, F. mosseae inoculation.

Table 1 Comparison of soil contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium between the treatments with and without Funneliformis mosseae inoculation under continuing cropping of peanuts (mean ± SE, n = 3)

处理 Treatment	全氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)		全磷 Total P (g·kg^-1)		全钾 Total K (mg·g^-1)
处理 Treatment	盛花期 Anthesis	收获期 Harvest period	盛花期 Anthesis	收获期 Harvest period	盛花期 Anthesis	收获期 Harvest period
-AMF	1.23 ± 0.06	0.74 ± 0.02	0.59 ± 0.06	0.37 ± 0.04	6.67 ± 0.22	3.57 ± 0.67
+AMF	1.44 ± 0.06^*	0.82 ± 0.03^*	0.70 ± 0.03^*	0.47 ± 0.07^*	7.41 ± 0.57	5.39 ± 0.73^*

Table 2 Effects of Funneliformis mosseae inoculation on the soil contents of alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium (mean ± SE, n = 3)

处理 Treatment	碱解氮 Alkaline N (mg·kg^-1)		速效磷 Effective P (g·kg^-1)		速效钾 Effective K (mg·kg^-1)
处理 Treatment	盛花期 Anthesis	收获期 Harvest period	盛花期 Anthesis	收获期 Harvest period	盛花期 Anthesis	收获期 Harvest period
-AMF	73.39 ± 3.66	75.77 ± 3.66	0.18 ± 0.01	0.15 ± 0.01	15.40 ± 0.56	11.03 ± 0.64
+AMF	74.86 ± 5.54	81.67 ± 7.00	0.21 ± 0.02^*	0.18 ± 0.00^*	16.17 ± 0.47	13.20 ± 0.66^*

Fig. 2 Effects of with and without Funneliformis mosseae inoculation on the structure and abundance of soil fungi community under continuing cropping of peanut. A, The Venn figure shows the number of fungal operational taxonomic units in different treatments. B, Abundance of soil fungi in continuing cropping of peanut was changed by F. mosseae. C, Abundance of fungal genera were not significantly different between with and without F. mosseae inoculation in the flowering period of continuing cropping peanuts (mean ± SE, n = 3). D, Abundance of some fungal genera were significantly different between with and without F. mosseae inoculation at harvest period (mean ± SE, n = 3). -AMF, without F. mosseae inoculation; +AMF, F. mosseae inoculation. F(-AMF), peanut rhizosphere soil without F. mosseae inoculation during the flowering period; F(+AMF), rhizosphere soil of peanut with F. mosseae inoculation; H(-AMF), peanut rhizosphere soil without F. mosseae inoculation during the harvest period; H(+AMF), peanut rhizosphere soil with F. mosseae inoculation during the harvest period. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

Fig. 3 Effects of Funneliformis mosseae on the structure and abundance of soil bacterial community in rhizosphere soil of peanut under continuing cropping. A, The Venn figure shows the number of bacterial operational taxonomic units in the two treatments. B, Abundance of soil bacteria in continuous cropping of peanut changed in the F. mosseae inoculation tratement C, Abundance of bacterial genera were significantly different between with and without F. mosseae inoculation in the flowering period of continuing cropping peanuts (mean ± SE, n = 3). D, Abundance of bacterial genera were significantly different between with and without F. mosseae inoculation in the harvesting period of continuous cropping peanuts (mean ± SE, n = 3). -AMF, without F. mosseae inoculation; +AMF, F. mosseae inoculation. F(-AMF), peanut rhizosphere soil without F. mosseae inoculation during the flowering period; F(+AMF), rhizosphere soil of peanut with F. mosseae inoculation; H(-AMF), peanut rhizosphere soil without F. mosseae inoculation during the harvest period; H(+AMF), peanut rhizosphere soil with F. mosseae inoculation during the harvest period. *, p < 0.05.

Table 3 Effects of Funneliformis mosseae inoculation on the yield and quality of continuous cropping peanut

处理 Treatment	单株结果数 Pod number per plant	单株果质量 Pod mass per plant (g)	饱果率 Full fruit rate (%)	蛋白质 Protein (%)	总氨基酸 Total amino acid (%)	油酸 Oleic (%)	亚油酸 Linoleic (%)
-AMF	34.67 ± 2.08	41.85 ± 2.87	60.82 ± 0.02	18.34 ± 0.17	18.29 ± 1.68	52.46 ± 1.16	24.12 ± 1.37
+AMF	39.33 ± 0.58^*	52.05 ± 0.79^*	70.33 ± 0.04^*	21,89 ± 0.22^*	21.30 ± 0.97^*	57.38 ± 1.32^*	27.20 ± 1.19^*

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