ECOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO SOIL WATER CONTENT IN FOUR HYBRID POPULUS CLONES

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.017

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Pot experiments were conducted to investigate effects of water deficit and duration of the deficit (0, 15, 36 and 14 days recovery) on four hybrid Populus: 15-29 (P. trichocarpa × P. deltoids), DN-2 (P. deltoids × P. nigra), DN-14274 (P. deltoids × P. nigra) and R-270 (P. deltoids × P. nigra). Our objective was to examine the responses of Populus plants to soil water deficit by analyzing eco-physiological, morphological, and growth characteristics, as well as several parameters of plant performance.

Methods Seedlings were exposed to four treatments: 100%, 70%, 50% and 30% of soil field water capacity (treatments T1-T4, respectively).

Important findings The four hybrids were sensitive to water deficit. All developed physiological adaptive mechanisms as well as configurational strategies to cope with water shortages to different degrees by closing stomata and reducing leaf number and leaf area to regulate water loss, by depressing net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r) and leaf water potential (ψ) to enhance water use efficiency (WUE), or by changing allocation of biomass productivity (B_p). Under water stress, R-270 only decreased its leaf dry weight but the other three hybrids decreased their dry weight of leaf, stem and root. With declining soil moisture, root/shoot of 15-29 and R-270 increased, implying the roots obtained more carbohydrates, which favors water absorption. Carbon isotope composition (δ¹³) of DN-2 was significantly positively correlated to WUE, but δ¹³ of R-270 was significantly negatively correlated to WUE. P_n, stomatal conductance (G_s), T_r,ψ, biomass and canopy areas of the seedlings in T1 and T2 are higher than those in T3 and T4, suggesting that the four hybrids can obtain high production in arid areas under sufficient-moderate irrigation. LowerP_n, G_s_, T_r,ψ, biomass, canopy areas and higher WUE of the seedling in T3 and T4 indicate that the four hybrids can develop survival strategies under water stress, but biomass production was negatively affected. Clone 15-29 and R-270 showed a stronger adaptive response than DN-2 and DN-14274 under water stress, implying they have greater drought-resistance ability.

Key words: hybrids poplar clones, water deficit, biomass partitioning, gas exchange, carbon isotope discrimination

GONG Ji-Rui, HUANG Yong-Mei, GE Zhi-Wei, DUAN Qing-Wei, YOU Xin, AN Ran, ZHANG Xin-Shi. ECOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO SOIL WATER CONTENT IN FOUR HYBRID POPULUS CLONES[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2009, 33(2): 387-396.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.017

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Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1 Soil moisture characteristic curves

Fig. 2 The total biomass, leaf area, the biomass ratio of leaf to stem, the rate of canopy decline and the biomass ratio of root to shoot of 4 poplar clones under different soil water contents

Fig. 3 Time course of net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), predawn water potential (Ψpd) and transpiration rate (Tr) in the leaves of 4 poplar clones in different water deficit duration (0, 15, 36 and 13 days’ recovery)

Fig. 4 Time courses of carbon isotope composition (δ13) and water use efficiency (WUE) in the leaves of 4 poplar clones in different water deficit duration (0, 15, 36 and 13 days’ recovery) Notes see Fig.2

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