A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF DIPTERONIA SINENSIS AND DIPTERONIA DYERIANA

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2005.0104

Abstract

Abstract:

Dipteronia is an endemic genus to China and includes only two species, Dipteronia sinensis and D. dyeriana. Based on RAPD markers, a comparative study on the genetic diversity and genetic structure of Dipteronia was performed. In total, 128 and 103 loci were detected in 17 D. sinensis populations and 4 D. dyeriana populations, respectively, using 18 random primers. These results showed that the proportion of polymorphic loci for the two species were 92.97% and 81.55%, respectively, indicating that the genetic diversity of D. sinensis was higher than that of D. dyeriana. Analyses based on similarity coefficients, Shannon diversity index and Nei gene diversity index, also confirmed this result. AMOVA analysis demonstrated that the genetic variation of D. sinensis within and among populations accounted for 56.89% and 43.11% of the total variation, respectively, and 57.86% and 42.14%, respectively, of D. dyeriana. The Shannon diversity index and Nei gene diversity index showed similar results. The above-mentioned characteristics indicated that the genetic diversity levels of these two species were extremely similar and that the interpopulational genetic differentiation within both species was relatively high. Analysis of the genetic distance among populations also supported this conclusion. Low levels of interpopulational gene flow within both species were believed to be among the leading causes for the above-mentioned phenomenon. The correlation analysis between genetic and geographical distances showed that there existed a remarkably significant correlation between the genetic distance and the longitude difference among populations of D. sinensis (p<0.01) while no significant correlation existed between genetic and geographical distances among populations ofD. dyeriana. This indicates that genetic distance was correlated with geographical distances at large scales other than at small scales. This result may be related to differences in selection pressure exerted on species by their habitats with different distribution ranges. We suggest that in situ conservation efforts should focus on establishing more sites to protect the natural populations and their habitats. Ex situ conservation efforts should focus on enhancing the exchange of seeds and seedlings among populations to facilitate gene exchange and recombination to help conserve genetic diversity.

Key words: Dipteronia sinensis, Dipteronia dyeriana, RAPD, Genetic diversity, Comparative study

LI Shan, QIAN Zeng-Qiang, CAI Yu-Liang, ZHAO Gui-Fang. A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF DIPTERONIA SINENSIS AND DIPTERONIA DYERIANA[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2005, 29(5): 785-792.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2005.0104

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2005/V29/I5/785

Figures/Tables 6

References 35

[1]	Alpert P, Lumaret R, Digiusto F (1993). Population structure inferred from allozyme analysis in the clonal herb, Fragaria chiloensis(Rosaceae). American Journal of Botany, 80,1002-1006.
[2]	Cui JZ(崔继哲), Zu YG (祖元刚), Nie JL (聂江力), Wang GL (王桂玲) (2001). Genetic differentiation of Leymus chinensis populations in Songnen grassland. Bulletin of Botanical Research (植物研究), 21,116-215.. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	Dong YC(董玉琛) (1995). Biodiversity and the genetic diversity study of crop. Crop Variety Germplasm (作物品种资源), 3,1-5. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	Excoffier L (1993). Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) Version 1.5. Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, University of Geneva.
[5]	Fang WP(方文培) (1981). Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (中国植物志). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[6]	Fu YL(府宇雷), Qian J(钱吉), Zhang MY (张美云) (1999). Molecular-ecology study on sub-population of wild soybeans within Jinhua district. Journal of Fudan University (复旦大学学报), 38,584-586. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	Ge S(葛颂), Hong DY (洪德元) (1994). Genetic diversity and its test methods. In: Qian YQ (钱迎倩), Ma KP 马克平 eds. Principles and Methodologies of Biodiversity Studies (生物多样性研究的原理与方法). Chinese Science and Technology Press, Beijing,123-140. (in Chinese)
[8]	Ge S(葛颂), Hong DY (洪德元) (1999). Studies of morphological and allozyme variation of the endangered Adenophora lobophylla and its widespread congener A.potaninii. Acta Genetica Sinica (遗传学报), 26,410-417. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	Godt MJ, Walker J, Hamrick JL (1997). Genetic diversity in the endangered lily Harperocallis flava and a close relative, Tofieldia racemosa. Conservation Biology, 11,361-366.
[10]	Gu SH(顾少华), Kong Y (孔原), Zhu DL (朱定良), Geng ZC (庚镇城), Tan JZ(谈家桢) (1992). A study of genetic polymorphism of isozymes in natural populations of Drosophila virilis in east China. Acta Genetica Sinica (遗传学报), 19,228-235. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	Hamrick JL, Godt MJW, Murawski DA (1991). Correlations between species traits and allozyme diversity: implication for conservation biology. In: Falk DA, Holsinger KE eds. Genetics and Conservation of Rare Plants. Oxford University Press, Oxford,75-86.
[12]	Hickey RJ, Vincent MA, Gutmann SI (1991). Genetic variation in running buffalos clover Trifolium soloniferum, Fabaceae. Conservation Biology, 5,309-316.
[13]	Hu SY (1980). The metasequoia flora and its phytogeographic singnificance. Journal of Arnold Arboretum, 61,41-94.
[14]	Karron JD, Linhart YB, Chaulk CA (1988). Genetic structure of populations of geographically restricted and widespread species of Astragalus(Fabaceae). American Journal of Botany, 75,1114-1119.
[15]	Lang P(郎萍), Huang HW (黄宏文) (1999). Genetic diversity and geographic variation innatural populations of the endemic Castanea species in China. Acta Botanica Sinica (植物学报), 41,651-657. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	Li S(李珊), Cai YL (蔡宇良), Xu L (徐莉), Zhao GF (赵桂仿) (2003). Morphological differentiation of samaras and seeds of Dipteronia dyeriana Henry (Aceraceae) . Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), 25,589-595. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]	Li S(李珊), Cai YL (蔡宇良), Qian ZQ (钱增强), Zhao GF (赵桂仿) (2004). Researches on the relationship between the morphological and genetic variations of Dipteronia dyeriana Henry(Aceraceae). Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 24,925-931. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	Li XD(李晓东), Huang HW (黄宏文), Li JQ (李建强) (2003). Genetic diversity of the relict plant Metasequoia glyptostroboides. Biodiversity Science (生物多样性), 11,100-108. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Liu ZL (刘占林), Li S (李珊), Yan GQ (阎桂琴) (2001). Genetic structure and intrasoecific genetic polymorphisms in natural populations of Psathyrostachys huashanica. Acta Genetica Sinica (遗传学报), 28,769-775. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]	Liu SE(刘慎谔) (1985). Climatic changes and plants migration. In: Zhao DC 赵大昌ed. Selected Works of Liu shen'e (刘慎谔文集). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[21]	Lu WD(卢纹岱) (2000). SPSS for Windows. Publishing House of Electronics Industry , Beijing. (in Chinese)
[22]	Maile C, Norman C (2003). Conservation of genetic diversity in the endangered plant Eriogonum ovalifolium var.vineum (Polygonaceae). Conservation Genetics, 4,337-352.
[23]	Robert W, Jinzhong F, Darlene E, Thales D, Ermi Z (2000). Genetic variability among endangered Chinese giant salamanders, Andrias davidianus. Molecular Ecology,1539-1547.
[24]	Sarfer (Translated by Fu ZZ (傅子祯)) (1958). General Principle of Plant Geography (普通植物地理学原理). Higher Education Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[25]	Swenson SM, Allan GJ, Howe M (1995). Genetic analysis of the endangered island endemic Malacothamnus fasciculatus(Nutt.) Greene var. nesiotic(Rob.) Kearn(Malvaceae). Conservation Biology, 9,404-415.
[26]	Tian X (田欣), Guo ZH (郭振华), Li DZ (李德铢) (2002). Phylogeny of Aceraceae based on ITS and trnL-F data sets. Acta Botanica Sinica (植物学报), 44,714-724. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	Vandewoestijne S, Baguette M (2002). The genetic structure of endangered populations in the Cranberry Fritillary, Boloria aquilonaris(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae): RAPDs vs allozymes. Heredity, 89,439-445. DOI URL PMID
[28]	Waller DM, O'Malley DM, Gawler SC (1987). Genetic variation in the extreme endemic, Pedicularis furbishiae (Scrophulariaceae). Conservation Biology, 1,335-340.
[29]	Wei W (魏伟), Wang HX (王洪新), Hu ZA (胡志昂) (1999). Primary studies on molecular ecology of Caragana spp. populations distributed over Maowusu sandy grassland: from RAPD data. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 19,16-22. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]	Yeh FC, Yang R (1994). POPGENE v l. 31. http://www.ualberta.ca.
[31]	Ying JS (应俊生), Zhang YL(张玉龙) (1994). Endemic Genus of Chinese Spermatophyte (中国种子植物特有属). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[32]	Zhang YJ(张颖娟), Yang C (杨持) (2003). Comparative allozyme and RAPD population genetic diversity in a endemic plant species, Tetraena mongolica Maxim(Zygophyllaceae), in Ords Plateau. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis NeiMongol (内蒙古大学学报), 34,160-165. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[33]	Zhao AM(赵阿曼), Liu ZM (刘志民), Kang XY (康向阳), Zhou SL (周世良) (2003). Allozyme variation in Sophora moorcroftiana, an endemic species of Tibet, China. Biodiversity Science (生物多样性), 11,91-99. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[34]	Zhao LF(赵利锋), Li S (李珊), Pan Y (潘莹) (2001). Population differentiation of Psathyrostachys huashanica along an altitudinal gradient detected by random amplified polymorphic DNA. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报). 21,391-400. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[35]	Zhou SL (周世良), Zhang F (张方), Wang ZR (王中仁), Hong DY (洪德元) (1998). Genetic diversity of Mosla hangchouensis and M. chinensis (Labiatae). Acta Genetica Sinica (遗传学报), 25,173-180. (in Chinese with English abstract)

	居群 Codes	采样地 Locations	样本数 No. of sample	海拔 Altitude (m)	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude
金钱槭 Dipteronia sinensis	TBS	陕西太白山Taibai mountain,Shaanxi	20	1 154	107°46'	33°25'
	MZG	陕西梅子沟 Meizi valley, Shaanxi	19	1 130	107 °48'	33°33'
	TJS	陕西铁甲树Tiejia mountain, Shaanxi	6	1 603	107 °48'	33°52'
	BMG	陕西白马沟Baima valley, Shaanxi	6	1 346	107 °48'	33°34'
	NX	陕西宁西Ningxi forest centre,Shaanxi	4	1 616	108 °20'	33°45'
	XLS	甘肃小陇山Xiaolong mountain,Gansu	19	1 526	106 °00'	34°21'
	CDZ	四川川洞子 Chuandongzi,Sichuan	15	1 468	102 °42'	30°28'
	LDG	四川陇东大沟Longdongdagou,Sichuan	13	1 950	102 °45'	30°29'
	JZX	重庆箭竹乡Jianzhu, Chongqing	10	1 479	108 °43'	32°03'
	ZPH	湖南纸棚河Zhipeng river,Hunan	14	1 388	110 °32'	30°02'
	HPS	湖南壶瓶山Huping mountain,Hunan	15	1 500	110 °31'	31°01'
	JCS	湖北九冲山 Jiuchong mountain,Hubei	12	870	110 °33'	31°24'
	WJG	湖北万家沟 Wanjia valley, Hubei	11	811	110 °33'	31°24'
	LMH	湖北龙门河 Longmenhe, Hubei	7	1 297	110 °29'	31°19'
	ZCG	湖北猪槽沟Zhucao valley, Hubei	17	1 735	110 °55'	31°05'
	QTW	湖北青檀湾 Qingtan gulf, Hubei	19	1 685	110 °55'	31°03'
	SRS	河南石人山 Shiren mountain, Henan	19	1 138	112 °16'	33°43'
云南金钱槭 Dipteronia dyeriana	WSH	云南文山 Wenshan,Yunnan	13	2 217	103°17'	23°17'
	MZ	云南蒙自 Mengzi,Yunnan	13	1 902	103 °47'	23°24'
	PB	云南屏边 Pingbian,Yunnan	9	2 019	103.°52'	23°01'
	HLT	云南昆明黑龙潭 Heilongtan,Yunnan	10	1 923	102 °54'	25°02'

	居群 Codes	采样地 Locations	样本数 No. of sample	海拔 Altitude (m)	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude
金钱槭 Dipteronia sinensis	TBS	陕西太白山Taibai mountain,Shaanxi	20	1 154	107°46'	33°25'
	MZG	陕西梅子沟 Meizi valley, Shaanxi	19	1 130	107 °48'	33°33'
	TJS	陕西铁甲树Tiejia mountain, Shaanxi	6	1 603	107 °48'	33°52'
	BMG	陕西白马沟Baima valley, Shaanxi	6	1 346	107 °48'	33°34'
	NX	陕西宁西Ningxi forest centre,Shaanxi	4	1 616	108 °20'	33°45'
	XLS	甘肃小陇山Xiaolong mountain,Gansu	19	1 526	106 °00'	34°21'
	CDZ	四川川洞子 Chuandongzi,Sichuan	15	1 468	102 °42'	30°28'
	LDG	四川陇东大沟Longdongdagou,Sichuan	13	1 950	102 °45'	30°29'
	JZX	重庆箭竹乡Jianzhu, Chongqing	10	1 479	108 °43'	32°03'
	ZPH	湖南纸棚河Zhipeng river,Hunan	14	1 388	110 °32'	30°02'
	HPS	湖南壶瓶山Huping mountain,Hunan	15	1 500	110 °31'	31°01'
	JCS	湖北九冲山 Jiuchong mountain,Hubei	12	870	110 °33'	31°24'
	WJG	湖北万家沟 Wanjia valley, Hubei	11	811	110 °33'	31°24'
	LMH	湖北龙门河 Longmenhe, Hubei	7	1 297	110 °29'	31°19'
	ZCG	湖北猪槽沟Zhucao valley, Hubei	17	1 735	110 °55'	31°05'
	QTW	湖北青檀湾 Qingtan gulf, Hubei	19	1 685	110 °55'	31°03'
	SRS	河南石人山 Shiren mountain, Henan	19	1 138	112 °16'	33°43'
云南金钱槭 Dipteronia dyeriana	WSH	云南文山 Wenshan,Yunnan	13	2 217	103°17'	23°17'
	MZ	云南蒙自 Mengzi,Yunnan	13	1 902	103 °47'	23°24'
	PB	云南屏边 Pingbian,Yunnan	9	2 019	103.°52'	23°01'
	HLT	云南昆明黑龙潭 Heilongtan,Yunnan	10	1 923	102 °54'	25°02'

引物名称 Primer	引物序列(5-3) Sequence	GC含量 GC content (%)	引物名称 Primer	引物序列(5-3) Sequence	GC含量 GC content (%)
BA0001	GTTTCGCTCC	60	BA0051	AGCGCCATTG	60
BA0017	AGGGAACGAG	60	BA0061	TTCGAGCCAG	60
BA0021	CAGGCCCTTC	70	BA0096	AGCGTCCTCC	70
BA0024	AATCGGGCTG	60	BA0123	CCTGATCACC	60
BA0030	GTGATCGCAG	60	BA0162	GGAGGAGAGG	70
BA0031	CAATCGCCGT	60	BA0217	CAGATGCGTG	60
BA0033	CAGCACCCAC	70	BA0360	AAGCGGCCTC	70
BA0035	TTCCGAACCC	60	BA1021	GGCATCGGCT	70
BA0048	GTGTGCCCCA	70	BA1344	AAGGCTCGAC	60

引物名称 Primer	引物序列(5-3) Sequence	GC含量 GC content (%)	引物名称 Primer	引物序列(5-3) Sequence	GC含量 GC content (%)
BA0001	GTTTCGCTCC	60	BA0051	AGCGCCATTG	60
BA0017	AGGGAACGAG	60	BA0061	TTCGAGCCAG	60
BA0021	CAGGCCCTTC	70	BA0096	AGCGTCCTCC	70
BA0024	AATCGGGCTG	60	BA0123	CCTGATCACC	60
BA0030	GTGATCGCAG	60	BA0162	GGAGGAGAGG	70
BA0031	CAATCGCCGT	60	BA0217	CAGATGCGTG	60
BA0033	CAGCACCCAC	70	BA0360	AAGCGGCCTC	70
BA0035	TTCCGAACCC	60	BA1021	GGCATCGGCT	70
BA0048	GTGTGCCCCA	70	BA1344	AAGGCTCGAC	60

居群 Population	多态位点数 No. of polymorphic loci	多态位点比率 PPB	Nei基因多样性指数 H	Shannon多样性指数 I
金钱槭 Dipteronia sinensis
TBS	70	54.69	0.169 8	0.257 7
MZG	78	60.94	0.195 3	0.293 4
TJS	70	54.69	0.208 4	0.305 0
BMG	75	58.59	0.246 6	0.353 7
NX	55	42.97	0.176 7	0.255 9
XLS	87	67.97	0.223 7	0.336 9
CDZ	72	56.25	0.193 1	0.288 8
LDG	70	54.69	0.199 0	0.294 7
JZX	70	54.69	0.188 3	0.280 7
ZPH	78	60.94	0.196 5	0.298 2
HPS	77	60.16	0.175 8	0.269 6
JCS	82	64.06	0.226 1	0.337 2
WJG	83	64.84	0.214 2	0.323 6
LMH	81	63.28	0.249 0	0.363 1
ZCG	97	75.78	0.249 6	0.377 8
QTW	93	72.66	0.228 6	0.347 2
SRS	98	76.56	0.292 2	0.428 9
	119	92.97	0.386 4	0.556 3
云南金钱槭 Dipteronia dyeriana
WSH	49	47.57	0.184 9	0.271 3
MZ	44	42.72	0.156 8	0.231 5
PB	33	32.04	0.124 1	0.182 2
HLT	42	40.78	0.171 5	0.247 6
	84	81.55	0.277 9	0.419 1