Effects of nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic energy utilization in wheat leaves under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.10.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims It is well documented that the increment of nitrogen application rates leads to the release of photosynthesis acclimation of C₃ plants under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration. However, current knowledge of the effects of nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic electron transport and distribution and its potential influence on photosynthesis acclimation is inadequate. The objective of our potted-experiment was to study the effect of nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic electronic transports and distribution in wheat leaves under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration.

Methods Using open-top chambers in simulating elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration, we grew wheat (Triticum aestivum) under different nitrogen application rates and atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. We estimated the photosynthetic electron transport rate and its distribution by measurement of photosynthetic rate (P_n)-intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) curves and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of wheat leaves in the heading stage.

Important findings Compared with ambient atmospheric CO₂ concentration treatments, more light energy excited by antenna pigments was dissipated as heat in wheat leaves under elevated atmospheric CO₂concentration, the photochemical rate was increased and heat dissipative rate was decreased significantly in high-N wheat leaves. The non-photochemical quenching was decreased in high-N leaves but increased in low-N leaves, photochemical quenching coefficient was not changed significantly in both high-N and low-N leaves and the opening ratio of PSII reaction center would be increased and heat dissipation would be decreased where N was sufficient under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration. The photosynthetic electron rate of PSII (J_F) was increased, noncyclic electron transport rate involved in photorespiration (J₀) in high-N wheat leaves was decreased by 88.40% and J_F-J₀increased and J₀/J_Fdecreased significantly under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Therefore, photorespiration was inhibited and more photosynthetic electrons were transported to photochemical process in wheat leaves under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration and the P_n was increased by 46.47%. We concluded that although more excited light energy of wheat leaves would be dissipated as heat under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration, the opening ratio of PSII reaction center, photochemical rates and J_F increased, J₀ decreased where nitrogen was applied sufficiently and more photosynthetic energy was transported to photochemical process. This may be a reason why photosynthesis acclimation of C₃ plant is released in higher nitrogen content soil under elevated atmospheric CO₂concentration.

Key words: atmospheric CO₂ enrichment, nitrogen application rates, photosynthetic electron transport rate, photosynthetic energy distribution, wheat

ZHANG Xu-Cheng, YU Xian-Feng, GAO Shi-Ming. Effects of nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic energy utilization in wheat leaves under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(10): 1196-1203.

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2010/V34/I10/1196

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 Effects of different atmospheric CO2 concentrations and nitrogen application rates on photochemical rates (A) and heat dissipative rates (B) of wheat leaves (mean ± SE). A[CO2], ambient atmospheric CO2 concentration (400 μmol·mol-1); E[CO2], elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (760 μmol·mol-1). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

Fig. 2 Effects of different atmospheric CO2 concentrations and nitrogen application rates on photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) (A) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) (B) of wheat leaves (mean ± SE). Notes see Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 Effects of different atmospheric CO2 concentrations and nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic electron rate of PSII (JF) (A) and noncyclic electron transport rate involved in photorespiration (J0) (B) of wheat leaves (mean ± SE). Notes see Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 Effects of different atmospheric CO2 concentrations and nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic electron allocation of wheat leaves (mean ± SE). JF, photosynthetic electron rate of PSII; J0, noncyclic electron transport rate involved in photorespiration. Other notes see Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 Effects of different atmospheric CO2 concentrations and nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic rate (Pn) of wheat leaves. E[CO2]400, photosynthetic rate of wheat leaves which grown under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (760 μmol·mol-1) but measured under 400 μmol·mol-1 CO2 concentration (mean ± SE). Other notes see Fig. 1.

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Effects of nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic energy utilization in wheat leaves under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration

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