Effects of canopy structure on productivity in a typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0176

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The mixed broadleaved-Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest is a zonal vegetation type in Northeast China. Clarifying the influencing factors of productivity is of great significance for understanding the maintenance mechanism of productivity in temperate forests.
Methods The study was conducted based on survey data of a 9 hm² permanent plot in a typical mixed broadleaved- Korean pine forest in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains. Census data of 2005 and 2015 for all individuals with diameter at breast height >6.5 cm within each 30 m × 30 m sub-plot were used to calculate canopy structural complexity, species diversity and stand basal area. We analyzed the direct and indirect factors affecting forest productivity using structural equation model and data on topography and soil physicochemical properties in each sub-plot.
Important findings Both the canopy structural complexity and the species diversity were positively related to productivity, with canopy structural complexity having a significantly greater effect than species diversity. The effects of canopy structural complexity on productivity consisted of two attributes: the vertical stratification and the plasticity. The vertical stratification played a significant role in driving the changes in forest productivity, while plasticity had no significant effect. The stand basal area was positively related to productivity, but with less effect than the canopy structural complexity. Both the canopy structural complexity and the species diversity had indirect effects on productivity via stand basal area. However, the environmental factor representative of slope and soil total phosphorus played differential roles on productivity for varying canopy structral complexity, and it was significantly and negatively correlated with productivity after removing the effects of canopy vertical stratification. In short, in a typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest, the canopy structural complexity is more crucial for explaining the diversity-productivity relationship than species diversity, and the roles of other biotic and abiotic factors in productivity should not be ignored.

Key words: biodiversity, canopy structural complexity, species evenness, productivity, mixed broadleaved- Korean pine forest

Hanula TASIKEN, CAI Hui-Ying, JIN Guang-Ze. Effects of canopy structure on productivity in a typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(1): 38-50.

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2021/V45/I1/38

Figures/Tables 12

References 41

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尺度 Scale	比较拟合指数 CFI	标准均方根残差 SRMR	渐进残差均方和平方根 RMSEA	赤池信息准则 AIC	p
10 m × 10 m	1	0.006	0	12 400.938	0.653
20 m × 20 m	0.99	0.026	0.065	3 105.839	0.118
30 m × 30 m	1	0.020	0	1 308.250	0.720

尺度 Scale	比较拟合指数 CFI	标准均方根残差 SRMR	渐进残差均方和平方根 RMSEA	赤池信息准则 AIC	p
10 m × 10 m	1	0.006	0	12 400.938	0.653
20 m × 20 m	0.99	0.026	0.065	3 105.839	0.118
30 m × 30 m	1	0.020	0	1 308.250	0.720

变量 Variable	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	范围 Range
Shannon多样性指数 Shannon diversity index	0.41	0.30	0.12-1.50
Simpson多样性指数 Simpson diversity index	0.18	0.12	0.06-0.54
均匀度指数 Evenness index	0.15	0.12	0.04-0.58
物种丰富度指数 Species richness index	9.48	1.99	5-16

变量 Variable	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	范围 Range
Shannon多样性指数 Shannon diversity index	0.41	0.30	0.12-1.50
Simpson多样性指数 Simpson diversity index	0.18	0.12	0.06-0.54
均匀度指数 Evenness index	0.15	0.12	0.04-0.58
物种丰富度指数 Species richness index	9.48	1.99	5-16

环境因子 Environmental factor					平均值 Mean	标准差 SD		变异系数 CV	范围 Range
海拔 Elevation (m)					463.22	18.07		0.04	427.93-499.07
坡度 Slope (°)					15.30	4.67		0.31	8.10-33.40
坡向 Aspect (sin)					0.02	0.72		36.00	-0.997-0.994
坡向 Aspect (cos)	-0.07		0.70				-10.00			-0.999-0.999
凹凸度 Convex	0.06		1.05				17.50			-1.55-4.45
土壤速效磷含量 Soil available phosphorus content (mg·kg^-1)	8.83		6.04				0.68			3.53-43.11
土壤速效钾含量 Soil available potassium content (mg·kg^-1)	332.61		52.69				0.16			200.87-485.34
土壤速效氮含量 Soil available nitrogen content (mg·kg^-1)	1 103.60		147.95				0.13			666.56-1 450.17
土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content (g·kg^-1)	75.75		29.71				0.39			37.63-186.29
土壤全氮含量 Soil total nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	8.40		1.46				0.17			5.22-11.70
土壤全磷含量 Soil total phosphorus content (g·kg^-1)	0.82		0.13				0.16			0.44-1.13
土壤pH Soil pH	5.77		0.15				0.03			5.47-6.19
土壤容重 Soil bulk density (g·cm^-3)	0.62		0.09				0.15			0.43-0.85
体积含水率 Soil volumetric moisture content (%)	30.35		5.37				0.18			15.44-44.06
质量含水率 Soil mass moisture content (g·g^-1)		0.92		0.22			0.24			0.55-1.40