Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2009, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 254-269.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.003
Special Issue: 青藏高原植物生态学:遥感生态学
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
WANG Jun-Bang(), LIU Ji-Yuan, SHAO Quan-Qin, LIU Rong-Gao, FAN Jiang-Wen, CHEN Zhuo-Qi
Received:
2008-01-08
Accepted:
2008-07-10
Online:
2009-03-31
Published:
2009-03-31
WANG Jun-Bang, LIU Ji-Yuan, SHAO Quan-Qin, LIU Rong-Gao, FAN Jiang-Wen, CHEN Zhuo-Qi. SPATIAL-TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY FOR 1988-2004 BASED ON GLOPEM-CEVSA MODEL IN THE “THREE-RIVER HEADWATERS” REGION OF QINGHAI PROVINCE, CHINA[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2009, 33(2): 254-269.
变量 Variable | 描述 Description | 单位 Unit | 缺省值 Default | 常绿针叶林ENF | 落叶针叶林DNF | 混交林MF | 常绿阔叶林EBF | 落叶阔叶林DBF | 草地Grass | 灌丛Shrub | 荒漠Desert | 农田Crop |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b19 | 叶维持性呼吸系数 Leaf maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.000 8 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
b20 | 枝干维持性呼吸系数 Stem maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.001 0 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
b21 | 粗根维持性呼吸系数 Coarse root maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.001 5 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
b22 | 细根维持性呼吸系数 Fine root maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.003 0 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
b29 | 叶生物量分配系数 Leaf carbon allocation fraction | - | 0.3 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
b30 | 枝干生物量分配系数 Stem carbon allocation fraction | - | 0.2 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
b31 | 根生物量分配系数 Root carbon allocation fraction | - | 0.5 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
b32 | 叶周转时间 Leaf litter C turnover fraction | a | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
b33 | 枝干周转时间 Stem litter C turnover fraction | a | 1 | 90 | 50 | 90 | 90 | 100 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 |
b34 | 根周转时间 Root litter C turnover fraction | a | 1 | 45 | 30 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
Table 1 The some parameters used in GLOPEM-CEVSA model
变量 Variable | 描述 Description | 单位 Unit | 缺省值 Default | 常绿针叶林ENF | 落叶针叶林DNF | 混交林MF | 常绿阔叶林EBF | 落叶阔叶林DBF | 草地Grass | 灌丛Shrub | 荒漠Desert | 农田Crop |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b19 | 叶维持性呼吸系数 Leaf maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.000 8 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
b20 | 枝干维持性呼吸系数 Stem maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.001 0 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
b21 | 粗根维持性呼吸系数 Coarse root maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.001 5 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
b22 | 细根维持性呼吸系数 Fine root maintenance respiration co. | kgC-1·d-1·kg-1 | 0.003 0 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
b29 | 叶生物量分配系数 Leaf carbon allocation fraction | - | 0.3 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
b30 | 枝干生物量分配系数 Stem carbon allocation fraction | - | 0.2 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
b31 | 根生物量分配系数 Root carbon allocation fraction | - | 0.5 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
b32 | 叶周转时间 Leaf litter C turnover fraction | a | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
b33 | 枝干周转时间 Stem litter C turnover fraction | a | 1 | 90 | 50 | 90 | 90 | 100 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 |
b34 | 根周转时间 Root litter C turnover fraction | a | 1 | 45 | 30 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
Fig. 2 Ecosystem classification map on “Three-River Headwaters” Region ENF: Evergreen needle-leaf forest DNF: Deciduous needle-leaf forest EBF: Evergreen broadleaf forest DBF: Deciduous broadleaf forest
生态系统 Ecosystem | 平均值 Mean | 标准偏差 SD | 变异系数 CV (%) | 朴世龙和方精云( Piao & Fang ( |
---|---|---|---|---|
农田 Crop | 222.94 | 68.25 | 30.61 | 175 |
森林 Forest | 267.90 | 58.81 | 21.95 | 297 |
草地 Grass | 160.90 | 93.01 | 57.80 | 121 |
荒漠 Desert | 36.13 | 31.16 | 86.26 | 42 |
湿地 Wet land | 161.36 | 70.18 | 43.49 | |
其它 Other | 106.10 | 78.13 | 73.64 | |
全区 Whole area | 143.17 | 98.21 | 68.60 |
Table 2 The modeled NPP of the ecosystem in this study and comparison with other research (gC·m-2·a-1)
生态系统 Ecosystem | 平均值 Mean | 标准偏差 SD | 变异系数 CV (%) | 朴世龙和方精云( Piao & Fang ( |
---|---|---|---|---|
农田 Crop | 222.94 | 68.25 | 30.61 | 175 |
森林 Forest | 267.90 | 58.81 | 21.95 | 297 |
草地 Grass | 160.90 | 93.01 | 57.80 | 121 |
荒漠 Desert | 36.13 | 31.16 | 86.26 | 42 |
湿地 Wet land | 161.36 | 70.18 | 43.49 | |
其它 Other | 106.10 | 78.13 | 73.64 | |
全区 Whole area | 143.17 | 98.21 | 68.60 |
草地类型 Grass type | 模拟产草量 Modeled | 80年代草调产草量 Surveyed in the 1980s | 2004年监测产草量 Surveyed in 2004 | 2005年监测产草量 Surveyed in 2005 |
---|---|---|---|---|
草地 Grass | 461.54 | 666.50 | 537.50 | 668.50 |
荒漠 Desert | 187.00 | 162.00 | ||
湿地 Wet land | 859.75 | 961.50 |
Table 3 Comparison between the modeled result with the grass yield surveyed in the 1980s (whole Qinghai Province), and the surveyed in 2004 and 2005 in Three-River Headwaters region (kgDM·hm-2)
草地类型 Grass type | 模拟产草量 Modeled | 80年代草调产草量 Surveyed in the 1980s | 2004年监测产草量 Surveyed in 2004 | 2005年监测产草量 Surveyed in 2005 |
---|---|---|---|---|
草地 Grass | 461.54 | 666.50 | 537.50 | 668.50 |
荒漠 Desert | 187.00 | 162.00 | ||
湿地 Wet land | 859.75 | 961.50 |
Fig. 3 The mean (gC·m-2·a--1) (a), coefficience of variance (%) of NPP (b), and the slope (gC·m-2·a--11) (c) and significant level of linear regression of NPP trend (d) of Three-River Headwaters region in 1988~2004 Significance classification of changing trends: slope b>0 (increase) and slope b<0 (decrease) at the regions where multiple relativeRis higher than 0.23 or 0.37 which corresponds to significant level of 95% and 99%, respectively; 17 samples in this paper
县(乡) County | NPP | NPP趋势斜率 Trend slope | NPP趋势复相关系数 Trend R2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
均值 Mean | 标准偏差SD | 变异系数 CV (%) | 均值 Mean | 标准偏差 SD | 均值 Mean | 标准偏差 SD | |
泽库县 Zeku | 271.94 | 40.90 | 15.04 | -3.30 | 1.69 | 0.10 | 0.07 |
河南县 Henan | 328.32 | 29.16 | 8.88 | -4.28 | 2.28 | 0.11 | 0.07 |
同德县 Tongde | 238.68 | 52.19 | 21.87 | -2.95 | 1.97 | 0.09 | 0.07 |
兴海县 Xinghai | 161.77 | 48.10 | 29.73 | -1.93 | 2.47 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
玛沁县 Maqin | 214.03 | 64.55 | 30.16 | -1.64 | 2.62 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
班玛县 Banma | 303.56 | 47.57 | 15.67 | -3.75 | 2.68 | 0.12 | 0.11 |
甘德县 Gande | 273.53 | 48.30 | 17.66 | -2.71 | 2.10 | 0.10 | 0.08 |
达日县 Dari | 233.07 | 49.13 | 21.08 | -1.31 | 2.31 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
久治县 Jiuzhi | 309.83 | 57.54 | 18.57 | -3.38 | 2.52 | 0.11 | 0.09 |
玛多县 Maduo | 116.43 | 43.10 | 37.02 | -1.08 | 2.54 | 0.09 | 0.10 |
玉树县 Yushu | 254.88 | 53.59 | 21.03 | -2.75 | 2.81 | 0.13 | 0.11 |
杂多县 Zaduo | 175.92 | 53.63 | 30.49 | 0.92 | 2.72 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
称多县 Chenduo | 190.74 | 53.20 | 27.89 | -2.15 | 2.20 | 0.15 | 0.13 |
治多县 Zhiduo | 66.48 | 61.33 | 92.26 | 1.41 | 1.80 | 0.24 | 0.22 |
囊谦县 Nangqian | 272.58 | 59.24 | 21.73 | -2.00 | 3.09 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
曲麻莱县 Qumalai | 88.05 | 46.05 | 52.30 | 0.78 | 1.78 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
唐古拉山 Tanggula | 59.73 | 29.78 | 49.86 | 2.88 | 1.73 | 0.38 | 0.19 |
Table 4 The averaged net primary production and regression coefficient of its trend line of each county in Three-River Headwaters region
县(乡) County | NPP | NPP趋势斜率 Trend slope | NPP趋势复相关系数 Trend R2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
均值 Mean | 标准偏差SD | 变异系数 CV (%) | 均值 Mean | 标准偏差 SD | 均值 Mean | 标准偏差 SD | |
泽库县 Zeku | 271.94 | 40.90 | 15.04 | -3.30 | 1.69 | 0.10 | 0.07 |
河南县 Henan | 328.32 | 29.16 | 8.88 | -4.28 | 2.28 | 0.11 | 0.07 |
同德县 Tongde | 238.68 | 52.19 | 21.87 | -2.95 | 1.97 | 0.09 | 0.07 |
兴海县 Xinghai | 161.77 | 48.10 | 29.73 | -1.93 | 2.47 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
玛沁县 Maqin | 214.03 | 64.55 | 30.16 | -1.64 | 2.62 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
班玛县 Banma | 303.56 | 47.57 | 15.67 | -3.75 | 2.68 | 0.12 | 0.11 |
甘德县 Gande | 273.53 | 48.30 | 17.66 | -2.71 | 2.10 | 0.10 | 0.08 |
达日县 Dari | 233.07 | 49.13 | 21.08 | -1.31 | 2.31 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
久治县 Jiuzhi | 309.83 | 57.54 | 18.57 | -3.38 | 2.52 | 0.11 | 0.09 |
玛多县 Maduo | 116.43 | 43.10 | 37.02 | -1.08 | 2.54 | 0.09 | 0.10 |
玉树县 Yushu | 254.88 | 53.59 | 21.03 | -2.75 | 2.81 | 0.13 | 0.11 |
杂多县 Zaduo | 175.92 | 53.63 | 30.49 | 0.92 | 2.72 | 0.12 | 0.12 |
称多县 Chenduo | 190.74 | 53.20 | 27.89 | -2.15 | 2.20 | 0.15 | 0.13 |
治多县 Zhiduo | 66.48 | 61.33 | 92.26 | 1.41 | 1.80 | 0.24 | 0.22 |
囊谦县 Nangqian | 272.58 | 59.24 | 21.73 | -2.00 | 3.09 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
曲麻莱县 Qumalai | 88.05 | 46.05 | 52.30 | 0.78 | 1.78 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
唐古拉山 Tanggula | 59.73 | 29.78 | 49.86 | 2.88 | 1.73 | 0.38 | 0.19 |
Fig. 4 The interannual variances of NPP of main ecosystem (a), precipitation and temperature of whole area (b), and the relationship between NPP and temperature (c), and precipitation (d) of whole area in Three-River Headwaters region
回归系数 Unstandardized coefficients | 标准化回归系数 Standardized coefficients | R2 | 显著性 Sig. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b0 | b1 | b2 | B1 | B2 | |||
农田 Crop | -101.341 | 0.697 | 26.551 | 0.761 | 0.236 | 0.704 | 0.000 |
森林 Forest | 60.106 | 0.383 | 10.168 | 0.546 | 0.130 | 0.357 | 0.045 |
草地 Grass | 146.243 | 0.138 | 14.536 | 0.327 | 0.394 | 0.357 | 0.045 |
荒漠 Desert | 115.901 | 0.030 | 11.084 | 0.121 | 0.513 | 0.304 | 0.079 |
湿地 Wet land | 178.501 | 0.000 | 14.937 | 0.001 | 0.535 | 0.287 | 0.094 |
全区 Whole area | 105.817 | 0.067 | 10.476 | 0.253 | 0.442 | 0.341 | 0.054 |
Table 5 Linear regression coefficients between NPP and climate factors of precipitation and temperature ( the regresstion function is: NPP= b0+b1×Precipitation+b2×Temperature)
回归系数 Unstandardized coefficients | 标准化回归系数 Standardized coefficients | R2 | 显著性 Sig. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b0 | b1 | b2 | B1 | B2 | |||
农田 Crop | -101.341 | 0.697 | 26.551 | 0.761 | 0.236 | 0.704 | 0.000 |
森林 Forest | 60.106 | 0.383 | 10.168 | 0.546 | 0.130 | 0.357 | 0.045 |
草地 Grass | 146.243 | 0.138 | 14.536 | 0.327 | 0.394 | 0.357 | 0.045 |
荒漠 Desert | 115.901 | 0.030 | 11.084 | 0.121 | 0.513 | 0.304 | 0.079 |
湿地 Wet land | 178.501 | 0.000 | 14.937 | 0.001 | 0.535 | 0.287 | 0.094 |
全区 Whole area | 105.817 | 0.067 | 10.476 | 0.253 | 0.442 | 0.341 | 0.054 |
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