植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 16-26.doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0119
收稿日期:
2018-05-20
接受日期:
2018-12-08
出版日期:
2019-01-20
发布日期:
2019-04-25
通讯作者:
姜勇
E-mail:yongjiang226@126.com
基金资助:
LIANG Shi-Chu,LIU Run-Hong,RONG Chun-Yan,CHANG Bin,JIANG Yong()
Received:
2018-05-20
Accepted:
2018-12-08
Online:
2019-01-20
Published:
2019-04-25
Contact:
JIANG Yong
E-mail:yongjiang226@126.com
Supported by:
摘要:
研究植物功能性状随环境梯度的变异和关联格局, 对于认识不同环境梯度下群落构建和植物适应型具有重要意义。该研究以漓江河岸带不同河段植物群落为研究对象, 调查了研究区内36个样方的物种组成, 测量了样方内42种木本植物的叶面积(LA)、比叶面积(SLA)和木材密度(WD)的功能性状值, 并运用性状梯度分析法对3个功能性状进行群落内(α组分)和群落间(β组分)组分分解及相关性分析。结果表明: (1)群落平均LA表现为中游最小且和下游差异显著, 群落平均WD则表现为中上游显著高于下游, 群落平均SLA在两两河段间均差异显著。(2)不同河段的3个植物功能性状β组分差异显著且实际观测值均小于随机模拟的零模型分布, 但α组分在河岸带不同河段均差异不显著且3个功 能性状的α组分分布范围均小于β组分, 说明在河岸带不同河段的群落构建过程中环境筛选的作用要大于群落内种间的相互作用。(3)性状SLA与LA在群落间和群落内呈现出实际观测和随机模拟的相关性均较低, 暗示了LA和SLA各自代表了植物在不同生态策略上的维度; 但SLA和WD实际观测值和随机模拟值呈现出较强的负相关关系, 暗示这2个性状对于环境筛选表现出较高的整体趋同适应性, 体现了植物功能性状对群落间环境变异的依赖性大于群落内种间相互作用的依赖性。
梁士楚, 刘润红, 荣春艳, 常斌, 姜勇. 漓江河岸带植物功能性状变异与关联[J]. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(1): 16-26.
LIANG Shi-Chu, LIU Run-Hong, RONG Chun-Yan, CHANG Bin, JIANG Yong. Variation and correlation of plant functional traits in the riparian zone of the Lijiang River, Guilin, Southwest China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(1): 16-26.
表1
漓江河岸带不同河段植物群落样方基本概况"
河段 Reach | 样方数 Plot number | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 温度 Temperature (℃) | 降水量 Precipitation (mm) | 干扰强度 Disturbance intensity | 群落类型 Community type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
上游 Upstream | 3 | 154 | 24.7 | 1 941 | 轻度 Light | 枫杨-石榕树群落 Pterocarya stenoptera-Ficus abelii communities |
3 | 148 | 23.0 | 1 941 | 轻度 Light | 枫杨+朴树-萝芙木群落 Pterocarya stenoptera + Celtis sinensis-?Rauvolfia verticillata communities | |
6 | 144 | 23.7 | 1 941 | 轻度 Light | 枫杨+阴香-石榕树群落 Pterocarya stenoptera + Cinnamomum burmannii-Ficus abelii communities | |
中游 Midstream | 4 | 138 | 26.0 | 1 900 | 重度 High | 枫杨+乌桕-细叶水团花群落 Pterocarya stenoptera + Sapium sebiferum-Adina rubella communities |
5 | 134 | 25.0 | 1 900 | 重度 High | 阴香群落 Cinnamomum burmannii communities | |
3 | 104 | 24.0 | 1 900 | 重度 High | 枫杨-萝芙木群落Pterocarya stenoptera-?Rauvolfia verticillata communities | |
下游 Downstream | 8 | 111 | 30.1 | 1 900 | 中度 Middle | 乌桕+朴树-牡荆群落Sapium sebiferum + Celtis sinensis-Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia communities |
4 | 105 | 26.8 | 1 900 | 中度 Middle | 乌桕-木槿群落 Sapium sebiferum + Hibiscus syriacus communities |
图1
漓江河岸带植物阴香和牡荆物种平均比叶面积(lgSLAs)和群落平均比叶面积(lgSLAp)散点图。灰色圆点代表群落中的各个物种, 绿色实心圆点和橙色三角形分别表示阴香和牡荆, 在某pj处被矩形框起来的一列点表示群落j内所有共生物种。每个物种空心的图形点对应的横坐标代表该物种在样地中所处的平均位置(即该物种性状的β组分βi), 纵坐标是物种的平均性状值ti, 二者的差值即空心的图形点到y = x的距离(因为αi = ti - βi)就是物种功能性状的α组分αi, 代表群落中物种i平均比叶面积与共存物种平均比叶面积的差值, bi为物种i平均比叶面积(ti)对群落平均SLA (pj)的回归直线的斜率, 反映物种平均SLA沿群落平均性状梯度在种内的变化大小。"
表2
漓江河岸带群落水平功能性状与环境因子冗余分析(RDA)中的前2轴环境变量解释方差和显著性检验"
环境因子 Environmental factor | RDA1 | RDA2 | R2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 0.40 | 0.91 | 0.34 | 0.002** |
全氮 Soil total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | -0.45 | 0.88 | 0.19 | 0.032* |
有效氮 Soil available nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | -0.74 | -0.66 | 0.57 | 0.001*** |
pH | -0.26 | 0.96 | 0.21 | 0.015* |
干扰强度Disturbance intensity | -0.16 | 0.98 | 0.63 | 0.001*** |
距离河岸距离 Distance (m) | -0.85 | 0.51 | 0.29 | 0.004** |
降水量 Precipitation (mm) | -0.66 | 0.74 | 0.79 | 0.001*** |
温度 Temperature (℃) | -0.97 | 0.22 | 0.50 | 0.001*** |
海拔 Elevation (m) | 0.92 | -0.38 | 0.57 | 0.001*** |
河段 Reach | -0.90 | 0.41 | 0.88 | 0.001*** |
表3
漓江不同河段功能性状参数值(平均值±标准偏差)"
河段 Reach | 功能性状 Functional trait | 性状参数 Functional trait parameter | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
物种性状值 ti | β 组分 βi | α 组分 αi | 群落性状值 pj | ||
上游 Upstream | 叶面积 LA (cm2) | 1.30 ± 0.35a | 1.36 ± 0.08a | -0.06 ± 0.34a | 1.34 ± 0.14ab |
比叶面积 SLA (cm2·g-1) | 2.40 ± 0.13a | 2.40 ± 0.02a | -0.00 ± 0.13a | 2.39 ± 0.03a | |
木材密度 WD (g·cm-3) | 0.47 ± 0.10a | 0.44 ± 0.02a | 0.03 ± 0.10a | 0.44 ± 0.04a | |
中游 Midstream | 叶面积 LA (cm2) | 1.16 ± 0.32a | 1.24 ± 0.08b | -0.08 ± 0.27a | 1.26 ± 0.10a |
比叶面积 SLA (cm2·g-1) | 2.47 ± 0.21a | 2.47 ± 0.06b | 0.01 ± 0.21a | 2.46 ± 0.07b | |
木材密度 WD (g·cm-3) | 0.42 ± 0.12ab | 0.47 ± 0.01b | -0.04 ± 0.12a | 0.47 ± 0.02a | |
下游 Downstream | 叶面积 LA (cm2) | 1.24 ± 0.32a | 1.45 ± 0.05c | -0.20 ± 0.30a | 1.46 ± 0.07b |
比叶面积 SLA (cm2·g-1) | 2.48 ± 0.13a | 2.53 ± 0.02c | -0.06 ± 0.12a | 2.55 ± 0.03c | |
木材密度 WD (g·cm-3) | 0.36 ± 0.10b | 0.34 ± 0.01c | 0.02 ± 0.10a | 0.34 ± 0.02b |
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