祁连山两种优势乔木叶片δ13C的海拔响应及其机理

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以分布于祁连山北麓中段的两种优势乔木祁连圆柏(Sabina przewalskii)和青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)为研究对象, 分析了高山乔木叶片δ¹³C值对海拔(2 600-3 600 m)、土壤含水量和叶片含水量、叶片碳氮含量的响应及其机理。结果表明, 这两种乔木叶片δ¹³C值均随海拔升高呈增重趋势, 与海拔呈显著正相关关系(p < 0.000 1)。海拔2 600-3 600 m阳坡树种祁连圆柏叶片的δ¹³C值显著高于同海拔梯度阴坡树种青海云杉。祁连圆柏和青海云杉叶片的δ¹³C值均与年平均气温呈显著负相关关系(p < 0.000 1), 与年平均降水量呈显著正相关关系(p < 0.000 1)。祁连圆柏叶片δ¹³C值与土壤含水量(p < 0.000 1)、叶片含水量(p = 0.01)和叶片碳氮比(C/N) (p < 0.000 1)呈显著正相关关系, 与叶片全氮呈显著负相关关系(p < 0.000 1)。而青海云杉叶片δ¹³C值与土壤含水量、叶片全氮、叶片碳氮比和叶片含水量不相关。说明海拔变化引起的水热条件的改变, 尤其是温度变化对高山乔木叶片碳同位素分馏起主要作用, 但各个因子综合对高山植物叶片碳同位素分馏的作用机制可能比较复杂, 需进一步深入研究。

关键词: 海拔响应, 机理, 叶片δ¹³C值, 青海云杉, 祁连山, 祁连圆柏

Abstract:

Aims Sabina przewalskii and Picea crassifolia, widely distributed in the Qilian Mountains, were employed to analyze the response of leaf δ¹³C of subalpine trees to altitude and its mechanism.

Methods Leaf samples were taken at 2 600-3 600 m elevation in October 2007. The δ¹³C was determined using an isotope mass spectrometer, carbon content was estimated with the potassium dichromate method and nitrogen content was measured with the micro-Kjeldahl method. Data were evaluated with one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis using SPSS version 11.5.

Important findings Foliar δ¹³C in both species was positively related to elevation (p < 0.000 1) and annual mean precipitation, but negatively related to annual temperature (p < 0.000 1). The δ¹³C value of S. przewalskii increased as leaf and soil water content increased, while that of P. crassifolia was not significantly related to soil water content, leaf water content, leaf N content or C/N ratio. Altitude, which can lead to changes of hydrothermal conditions, is the main factor influencing carbon isotope fractionation in these subalpine trees; however, the combined effects of various factors on the mechanism of action maybe more complicated and need further study.

Key words: altitudinal response, fractionation mechanism, leaf δ¹³C, Picea crassifolia, Qilian Mountains, Sabina przewalskii

张鹏, 王刚, 张涛, 陈年来. 祁连山两种优势乔木叶片δ¹³C的海拔响应及其机理. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(2): 125-133. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.02.003

ZHANG Peng, WANG Gang, ZHANG Tao, CHEN Nian-Lai. Responses of foliar δ¹³C in Sabina przewalskii and Picea crassifolia to altitude and its mechanism in the Qilian Mountains, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(2): 125-133. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.02.003

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参考文献 44

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样地号Plot No.	海拔Altitude (m)	土壤类型 Soil type	阳坡 Sunny slope			阴坡 Shade slope
样地号Plot No.	海拔Altitude (m)	土壤类型 Soil type	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	树种 Tree species	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	树种 Tree species
1	3 565	亚高山灌丛草甸土 Subalpine shrub meadows soil	38°26.392′ N	99°56.595′ E	祁连圆柏 Sabina przewalskii	-	-	青海云杉 Picea crassifolia
2	3 465		38°26.320′ N	99°56.567′ E		38°25.257′ N	99°55.497′ E
3	3 365		38°26.198′ N	99°56.306′ E		38°25.299′ N	99°55.495′ E
4	3 265	森林灰褐土 Grey-drab forest soil	38°26.150′ N	99°56.202′ E		38°25.337′ N	99°55.554′ E
5	3 165		38°26.049′ N	99°56.099′ E		38°25.466′ N	99°55.647′ E
6	3 065		38°26.087′ N	99°56.767′ E		38°25.798′ N	99°55.740′ E
7	2 965		38°26.184′ N	99°56.477′ E		38°26.127′ N	99°55.388′ E
8	2 865		38°26.242′ N	99°55.194′ E		38°26.352′ N	99°54.887′ E
9	2 765		38°26.417′ N	99°54.900′ E		38°26.528′ N	99°54.440′ E
10	2 665		38°26.733′ N	99°53.929′ E		38°26.952′ N	99°54.050′ E

样地号Plot No.	海拔Altitude (m)	土壤类型 Soil type	阳坡 Sunny slope			阴坡 Shade slope
样地号Plot No.	海拔Altitude (m)	土壤类型 Soil type	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	树种 Tree species	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	树种 Tree species
1	3 565	亚高山灌丛草甸土 Subalpine shrub meadows soil	38°26.392′ N	99°56.595′ E	祁连圆柏 Sabina przewalskii	-	-	青海云杉 Picea crassifolia
2	3 465		38°26.320′ N	99°56.567′ E		38°25.257′ N	99°55.497′ E
3	3 365		38°26.198′ N	99°56.306′ E		38°25.299′ N	99°55.495′ E
4	3 265	森林灰褐土 Grey-drab forest soil	38°26.150′ N	99°56.202′ E		38°25.337′ N	99°55.554′ E
5	3 165		38°26.049′ N	99°56.099′ E		38°25.466′ N	99°55.647′ E
6	3 065		38°26.087′ N	99°56.767′ E		38°25.798′ N	99°55.740′ E
7	2 965		38°26.184′ N	99°56.477′ E		38°26.127′ N	99°55.388′ E
8	2 865		38°26.242′ N	99°55.194′ E		38°26.352′ N	99°54.887′ E
9	2 765		38°26.417′ N	99°54.900′ E		38°26.528′ N	99°54.440′ E
10	2 665		38°26.733′ N	99°53.929′ E		38°26.952′ N	99°54.050′ E

祁连山两种优势乔木叶片δ¹³C的海拔响应及其机理

Responses of foliar δ¹³C in Sabina przewalskii and Picea crassifolia to altitude and its mechanism in the Qilian Mountains, China

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