植物生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 367-372.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2005.0048

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

太白红杉种实数量特征

王孝安(), 王志高, 肖娅萍   

  1. 陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062
  • 收稿日期:2003-08-11 接受日期:2004-09-14 出版日期:2005-08-11 发布日期:2005-05-30
  • 作者简介:E-mail: wangxa@snnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(30470324)

QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF SEEDS AND CONES IN LARIX CHINENSIS

WNAG Xiao-An(), WANG Zhi-Gao, XIAO Ya-Ping   

  1. College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
  • Received:2003-08-11 Accepted:2004-09-14 Online:2005-08-11 Published:2005-05-30

摘要:

太白红杉 (Larixchinensis) 是仅分布于我国陕西秦岭境内的国家二级保护植物, 研究其生殖规律将有助于加深对其濒危原因的认识。该文用单因素方差分析的方法研究了太白红杉种实数量特征, 并用Pearson相关系数检验了不同环境条件下的变化及其与环境因子和植株生长状况的关系, 结果表明种实数量特征在不同环境条件下差异明显, 太白山国家森林公园单株种子产量最高 ;长安光头山平均每株产生的种子总重、球果总重和球果平均重量最重, 平均每株球果数目和每球果种子数也是最多。多重比较表明牛背梁种群太白红杉种子千粒重最重。其中球果的种子数在小种群中较多 ;每株的种子总重量、球果平均重和球果总重在小种群中较重。太白红杉种实数量特征与海拔、坡度和坡向呈负相关, 与植株年龄呈正相关, 球果的种子数目与年均温呈正相关 (p <0.0 5 ), 而与一月均温呈负相关 (p <0.0 5 ) 。种子大小与种子总数呈弱正相关, 种子大小和数目间不存在权衡 (Trade-ff) 。

关键词: 太白红杉, 种子, 球果, 数量特征

Abstract:

Larix chinensis is an endangered plant distributed only in the Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi Province, China. It forms pure forest stands that have important ecological functions of water and soil conservation at timberline at altitudes of 2 600 - 3 600 m. Studies on the quantitative characteristics of seeds and cones are necessary for understanding why this species is endangered. The variation among 7 quantitative characteristics of seeds and cones of Larix chinensis in different environments were examined, and the relationships between seed and cone characteristics and environmental factors were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results showed that characteristics of the seeds and cones in different environments were significantly different. Compared to the other populations, variance analysis indicated that there were greater numbers of seeds per cone (107.22±47.3), greater total weight of seeds per plant (25.47± 6.55 ), greater total weight of cones per plant (217.80±157.26), greater annual weight of cones (2 021± 0.44 ), a greater number of cones per plant (4 580±2 440.7), and a greater number of seeds per cone ( 72.8 ±5.83) in Guangtou Shan. Multiple comparison analysis demonstrated that the weight of seeds per plant, the average weight of a cone and the total weight of cones per tree were greater in small populations. The coefficient of variation of seed and cone characteristics in a population was high. The CV of the number of cones per plant was 63.47% and the weight of 1 000 seeds was 19.17%, indicating that the 7 measured characteristics of seeds and cones varied greatly within and among populations. The seed and cone characteristics showed a negative correlation with altitude, slope and slope direction and a positive correlation with age. The seed number per cone was positively correlated to annual average temperature (p<0.05) and negatively correlated to mean temperature in January (p<0.05). The size of seed was positively correlated with the total number of seeds. There was no trade-off between the size of seed and the total number of seeds.

Key words: Larix chinensis, Seed, Cone