林木非同化器官与土壤呼吸的温度系数Q10值的特征分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2005.0091

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

温度系数(Q₁₀,温度每变化10 ℃,呼吸速率的相对变化)不仅可以用来描述不同森林非同化器官(根系和树干)和土壤对温度升高的敏感性,并由此断定它们在全球变暖进程中的不同表现,而且是其呼吸总量定量估计中必不可少的参数。虽然目前已经进行了大量的研究,但不同研究者结论并不一致,影响我们对问题的整体把握。因此,有必要综合以往文献进行统计分析。该文综合大量文献,评述了林木非同化器官和土壤的Q₁₀值频率分布、不同研究方法对Q₁₀值的可能影响并探讨了它们对温度升高的敏感性。结果表明,不同非同化器官和土壤的Q₁₀值差异较大,但具有相对稳定的分布中心范围。其中,土壤呼吸Q₁₀值中,频率分布最集中的区域是2.0~2.5,占23%,其中超过80%的测定结果在1.0~4.0之间,中位数为2.74。根系呼吸的Q₁₀值,频率分布最集中的区域2.5~3.0,占33%,而大部分(>80%)的研究结果在1.5~3.0之间,中位数为2.40。树干呼吸的Q₁₀值中,频率分布最集中的区域是1.5~2.0,占42%,而90%以上的测定结果在1.0~3.0之间,中位数为1.91。通过对比,发现不同非同化器官Q₁₀值不同(树干<根系<根系与土壤共同体<去除根系土壤)。其中树干和根系的Q₁₀值显著低于去除根系土壤的Q₁₀值(p<0.05),表明土壤微生物活动对于未来全球变暖的反应要比木质化器官更敏感。此外,常绿植物的根系和树干呼吸的Q₁₀值与落叶树木对应值差异不显著,说明同化器官叶片的着生时间长短对非同化器官Q₁₀的影响不大。不同的CO₂分析方法(碱吸收法,红外线测定技术和气相色谱方法)对土壤呼吸Q₁₀值测定结果的影响不显著(p>0.10),根系分离方法(断根测定和壕沟隔断测定)也对根系呼吸的Q₁₀值影响也不显著(p>0.10)。但是,与活体测定相比,离体测定树干呼吸显著提高了其Q₁₀值。总体来看,不同林分相同非同化器官以及不同非同化器官呼吸的Q₁₀值相对稳定但仍具有较大的差异性,研究方法也对结果产生一定影响,在进行呼吸总量的定量估计中应该注意这一点。今后研究的重点是进一步把影响森林非同化器官呼吸的外在因素和内在因素综合考虑于Q₁₀值相关模型中,以便准确定量估计其呼吸总量,而研究难点是深入研究Q₁₀值具有较大变异性的原因(如温度适应性)和内在机理以便更好的表征不同器官和生态系统组分对全球变暖的敏感性。

关键词: 森林非同化器官, 树干呼吸, 土壤呼吸, 根系呼吸, Q₁₀, 频率分布

Abstract:

The temperature coefficient, Q₁₀ (Fractional change in rate with a 10 ℃ increase in temperature), can describe the response of organisms to temperature increases as a result of global warming. It is also a necessary parameter for estimating CO₂ efflux. Although many studies have focused on Q₁₀ values, reported values are highly variable. To better understand the sensitivity of forests to global warming, we reviewed and summarized reported Q₁₀ values in the literature. Our specific objectives were the following: 1) to calculate the frequency distribution of Q₁₀ values for soil, tree root and tree stem respiration and compare the temperature sensitivity of these different forest ecosystem compartments; 2) to determine the Q₁₀ values of evergreen and deciduous tree species and examine the methodological influences on their calculation; and 3) to discuss future Q₁₀-related studies. We found that most Q₁₀ values reported for soil, root and stem respiration fell within a relatively narrow range although there were some outliers. For soil respiration, the median Q₁₀ value was 2.74 with 23% of the values falling between 2.0 - 2.5 and 80% falling between 1.0 to 4.0. The median Q₁₀ value for root respiration was 2.40 with 33% of the values falling between 2.5 - 3.0 and 80% between 1.0 - 3.0. The median Q₁₀ value for stem respiration was 1.91 with 90% of the values falling between 1.0 - 3.0. The stem respiration Q₁₀ value was significantly less than both the root and soil respiration Q₁₀ values. There were no significant differences between the Q₁₀ values for root and stem respiration of evergreen and deciduous trees (p>0.10). Methods for CO₂ analysis (Soda lime absorption, IRGA and chromatograph analysis) and root separation methods (Excised root and trenched box) did not have a significant effect on Q₁₀ values of soil and root respiration (p>0.10), butin vitro measurements of stem respiration yielded a significantly higher Q₁₀ value than in vivo methods (p<0.05). In general, although theQ₁₀ values of stem and root respiration fell within a relatively narrow range, there still was considerable variation between and within reported values for stems and roots. More attention should be paid to the quantitative estimation of total CO₂ efflux by Q₁₀ related models. Future research should focus on the biochemical, environmental and biological factors that control respiration for more precise estimation of total CO₂ efflux. The greatest challenge is to better understand the underlying mechanisms that result in the variation in Q₁₀ values between habitats and tree components to make Q₁₀ values more universal for representation of temperature sensitivity to global warming.

Key words: Soil respiration, Stem respiration, Root respiration, Q₁₀ coefficient, Global warming

王文杰, 王慧梅, 祖元刚, 李雪莹, 小池孝良. 林木非同化器官与土壤呼吸的温度系数Q₁₀值的特征分析. 植物生态学报, 2005, 29(4): 680-691. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2005.0091

WANG Wen-Jie, WANG Hui-Mei, ZU Yuan-Gang, LI Xue-Ying, KOIKE Takayoshi. CHARACTERISTICS OF ROOT, STEM, AND SOIL RESPIRATION Q₁₀ TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2005, 29(4): 680-691. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2005.0091

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图/表 10

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树种 Species	温度系数 Q₁₀ value	方法 Method	参考文献 References
常绿树种 Evergreen trees
辐射松Pinus radiate	2.80	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Sprugel et al.,1995
	1.50, 2.00	断根树Excised roots, tree	Ryan et al., 1996
	2.30	断根树Excised roots, tree	Benecke, 1985
火炬松Pinus taeda	1.60	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Ryan, 1994b
	1.30		Ryan, 1994b
	2.00	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Sprugel et al.,1995
湿地松Pinus elliotti	1.94	壕沟成林Trenching, mature forest	Cropper & Gholz, 1991
	2.50⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
加拿大香液松Pinus balsamifera	2.35	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Lawrence & Oechel, 1983
脂松Pinus resinosa	3.00⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
欧洲云杉和欧洲赤松Picea abies & Pinus sylvestris	5.00	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Widén & Majdi,2001
白云杉Picea glauca	2.90⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
恩氏云杉Picea engelmannii	2.00	1 cm根断小树Excised root segments, small tree	Sowell & Spomer, 1986
毛果冷杉Abies lasiocarpa	1.90
花旗松Pseudotsuga menziesii	2.70	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Sprugel et al.,1995
	3.00	土块,成熟林Excised soil blocks, mature forest	Sprugel et al.,1995
落叶树种 Deciduous trees
糖枫Acer saccharum	2.70⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
圆柏Juniperus monosperma	2.60⁺		Burton et al., 2002
北美鹅掌楸Liriodendron tulipifera	2.70	断根Excised roots	Hanson et al.,2000
	2.60⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
栎树混交林Mixed oak hardwood	2.40⁺		Burton et al., 2002
硬阔叶混交林Mixed hardwood forest	4.60	壕沟成林Trenching, mature forest	Boone et al., 1998
土耳其橡树Quercus cerris	2.20	壕沟成林Trenching, mature forest	Rey et al., 2002
脂杨Populus balsamifera	2.40⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
栎树山核桃Quercus-Carya	3.10⁺		Burton et al., 2002
不同灌木(草本)Shrubs (Herb)	1.60⁺	断根Excised roots	Loveys et al., 2003

树种 Species	温度系数 Q₁₀ value	方法 Method	参考文献 References
常绿树种 Evergreen trees
辐射松Pinus radiate	2.80	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Sprugel et al.,1995
	1.50, 2.00	断根树Excised roots, tree	Ryan et al., 1996
	2.30	断根树Excised roots, tree	Benecke, 1985
火炬松Pinus taeda	1.60	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Ryan, 1994b
	1.30		Ryan, 1994b
	2.00	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Sprugel et al.,1995
湿地松Pinus elliotti	1.94	壕沟成林Trenching, mature forest	Cropper & Gholz, 1991
	2.50⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
加拿大香液松Pinus balsamifera	2.35	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Lawrence & Oechel, 1983
脂松Pinus resinosa	3.00⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
欧洲云杉和欧洲赤松Picea abies & Pinus sylvestris	5.00	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Widén & Majdi,2001
白云杉Picea glauca	2.90⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
恩氏云杉Picea engelmannii	2.00	1 cm根断小树Excised root segments, small tree	Sowell & Spomer, 1986
毛果冷杉Abies lasiocarpa	1.90
花旗松Pseudotsuga menziesii	2.70	断根幼苗Excised roots, seedlings	Sprugel et al.,1995
	3.00	土块,成熟林Excised soil blocks, mature forest	Sprugel et al.,1995
落叶树种 Deciduous trees
糖枫Acer saccharum	2.70⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
圆柏Juniperus monosperma	2.60⁺		Burton et al., 2002
北美鹅掌楸Liriodendron tulipifera	2.70	断根Excised roots	Hanson et al.,2000
	2.60⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
栎树混交林Mixed oak hardwood	2.40⁺		Burton et al., 2002
硬阔叶混交林Mixed hardwood forest	4.60	壕沟成林Trenching, mature forest	Boone et al., 1998
土耳其橡树Quercus cerris	2.20	壕沟成林Trenching, mature forest	Rey et al., 2002
脂杨Populus balsamifera	2.40⁺	断根成树Excised roots, tree	Burton et al., 2002
栎树山核桃Quercus-Carya	3.10⁺		Burton et al., 2002
不同灌木(草本)Shrubs (Herb)	1.60⁺	断根Excised roots	Loveys et al., 2003

树种 Species	温度系数 Q₁₀ value	方法 Method	参考文献 References
土壤和根系总呼吸 Respiration of soil including root
不同土壤中位值 Median value for different soil	2.40	主要碱吸收法 Mainly soda lime absorption	Raich & Schlesinger, 1992
欧洲赤松Pinus sylvestris	2.92~3.84	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 2002
	3.30,6.29,2.94,3.72	气体收集红外线分析Sampling gas and IRGA method	Pumpanen et al., 2003
欧洲云杉Picea abies	2.50~3.48	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 2002
	2.30~4.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Buchmann, 2000
	3.90~5.70	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 1999
冷杉Pinus abies	2.41,2.34,2.34,3.22,4.11,4.11,2.87,3.27,3.27,2.39,2.82,2.82	红外线分析 IRGA method	Buchmann, 2000
美国黄松Pinus ponderosa	1.40,1.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Xu & Qi, 2001
	1.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Law et al., 1999
欧洲水青冈Fagus sylvatica	2.71~3.57	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 2002
硬阔叶混交林Mixed hardwood	3.50,2.50	红外线分析 IRGA method	Boone et al., 1998
	3.50,4.10,3.40,5.60,4.50,4.00,3.90	红外线分析 IRGA analysis	Davidson et al., 1998
石楠Calluna vulgaris	2.53,2.35,2.34,2.44,2.68,2.57,2.20,2.12,2.09,2.32,2.47,2.24	碱吸收法 Soda lime absorption	Chapman, 1979
香液枞树Abies balsamea	2.15,1.66,2.22,2.76,1.68,3.45,3.49, 2.86,2.50,3.00,2.78	红外线分析 IRGA method	Lavigne et al., 2003
日本落叶松Larix kampferi	1.40,1.60,1.80,4.20,7.00,3.00,2.98	红外线分析 IRGA method	Wang et al.,2001a,2001b
农用土壤Agricultual soil	2.31	红外线分析 IRGA method	Fang & Moncrieff, 2001
	2.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Wang et al., 2001b
	1.70~2.30	红外线分析 IRGA method	Koizumi et al., 1999
欧洲水青岗Fagus sylvatica	4.00,4.59,4.07	红外线分析 IRGA method	Janssens & Pilegaard., 2003
白云杉Picea sitchensis	3.09	红外线分析 IRGA method	Fang & Moncrieff, 2001
土耳其橡树Quercus cerris	2.32	红外线分析 IRGA method	Rey et al., 2002
绒毛桦Betula pubescens	39.4,7.6,0.7	红外线分析 IRGA method	Sj?gersten & Wookey,2002
亚热带混交林 Mixed sub-tropical forests	1.25, 1.37, 1.46 (空气温度 Based on air temperature)	碱吸收法 Soda lime absorption	易志刚等,2003
辽东栎林 Quercus liaotungensis	2.56	红外线分析 IRGA method	刘绍辉等,1998
	1.40,1.50,1.70(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	蒋高明和黄银晓,1997
青冈林Quercus glauca	2.55(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	黄承才等,1999
毛竹林Phyllostachys pubescens	2.11(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	黄承才等,1999
茶园Camellia sinensis	1.75(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	黄承才等,1999
泰加林Taiga forests	0.98, 1.30, 1.30, 1.90	气体收集气相色谱分析 Sampling gas and gas chromatograph	Gulledge & Schimel, 2000
去除根系土壤呼吸 Respiration of soil excluding root
火炬松Pinus taeda	1.70~1.90	碱吸收法 Soda lime absorption	Winkler et al., 1996
欧洲云杉和欧洲赤松Picea abies & Pinus sylvestris	2.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Widén & Majdi,2001
绒毛桦Betula pubescens	2.80,6.70,2.40,5.30,2.80,6.90,3.70,3.60,2.60,14.00,3.60,3.60,5.70,3.60,3.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Sj?gersten & Wookey,2002
热带森林土壤Tropical forest soil	2.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Bekku et al., 2003
废弃地Abandoned soil	2.90	红外线分析 IRGA method	Bekku et al., 2003
极地森林土Arctic forest soil	3.40	红外线分析 IRGA method	Bekku et al., 2003
欧洲水青冈Fagus sylvatica	1.71	红外线分析 IRGA method	Granier et al., 2000
硬阔叶林Hardwood forests	3.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Boone et al., 1998
土耳其橡树Quercus cerris	2.89	红外线分析 IRGA method	Rey et al., 2002

树种 Species	温度系数 Q₁₀ value	方法 Method	参考文献 References
土壤和根系总呼吸 Respiration of soil including root
不同土壤中位值 Median value for different soil	2.40	主要碱吸收法 Mainly soda lime absorption	Raich & Schlesinger, 1992
欧洲赤松Pinus sylvestris	2.92~3.84	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 2002
	3.30,6.29,2.94,3.72	气体收集红外线分析Sampling gas and IRGA method	Pumpanen et al., 2003
欧洲云杉Picea abies	2.50~3.48	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 2002
	2.30~4.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Buchmann, 2000
	3.90~5.70	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 1999
冷杉Pinus abies	2.41,2.34,2.34,3.22,4.11,4.11,2.87,3.27,3.27,2.39,2.82,2.82	红外线分析 IRGA method	Buchmann, 2000
美国黄松Pinus ponderosa	1.40,1.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Xu & Qi, 2001
	1.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Law et al., 1999
欧洲水青冈Fagus sylvatica	2.71~3.57	气体收集气相色谱分析Sampling gas and gas chromatograph analysis	Borken et al., 2002
硬阔叶混交林Mixed hardwood	3.50,2.50	红外线分析 IRGA method	Boone et al., 1998
	3.50,4.10,3.40,5.60,4.50,4.00,3.90	红外线分析 IRGA analysis	Davidson et al., 1998
石楠Calluna vulgaris	2.53,2.35,2.34,2.44,2.68,2.57,2.20,2.12,2.09,2.32,2.47,2.24	碱吸收法 Soda lime absorption	Chapman, 1979
香液枞树Abies balsamea	2.15,1.66,2.22,2.76,1.68,3.45,3.49, 2.86,2.50,3.00,2.78	红外线分析 IRGA method	Lavigne et al., 2003
日本落叶松Larix kampferi	1.40,1.60,1.80,4.20,7.00,3.00,2.98	红外线分析 IRGA method	Wang et al.,2001a,2001b
农用土壤Agricultual soil	2.31	红外线分析 IRGA method	Fang & Moncrieff, 2001
	2.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Wang et al., 2001b
	1.70~2.30	红外线分析 IRGA method	Koizumi et al., 1999
欧洲水青岗Fagus sylvatica	4.00,4.59,4.07	红外线分析 IRGA method	Janssens & Pilegaard., 2003
白云杉Picea sitchensis	3.09	红外线分析 IRGA method	Fang & Moncrieff, 2001
土耳其橡树Quercus cerris	2.32	红外线分析 IRGA method	Rey et al., 2002
绒毛桦Betula pubescens	39.4,7.6,0.7	红外线分析 IRGA method	Sj?gersten & Wookey,2002
亚热带混交林 Mixed sub-tropical forests	1.25, 1.37, 1.46 (空气温度 Based on air temperature)	碱吸收法 Soda lime absorption	易志刚等,2003
辽东栎林 Quercus liaotungensis	2.56	红外线分析 IRGA method	刘绍辉等,1998
	1.40,1.50,1.70(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	蒋高明和黄银晓,1997
青冈林Quercus glauca	2.55(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	黄承才等,1999
毛竹林Phyllostachys pubescens	2.11(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	黄承才等,1999
茶园Camellia sinensis	1.75(空气温度 Based on air temperature)	红外线分析 IRGA method	黄承才等,1999
泰加林Taiga forests	0.98, 1.30, 1.30, 1.90	气体收集气相色谱分析 Sampling gas and gas chromatograph	Gulledge & Schimel, 2000
去除根系土壤呼吸 Respiration of soil excluding root
火炬松Pinus taeda	1.70~1.90	碱吸收法 Soda lime absorption	Winkler et al., 1996
欧洲云杉和欧洲赤松Picea abies & Pinus sylvestris	2.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Widén & Majdi,2001
绒毛桦Betula pubescens	2.80,6.70,2.40,5.30,2.80,6.90,3.70,3.60,2.60,14.00,3.60,3.60,5.70,3.60,3.80	红外线分析 IRGA method	Sj?gersten & Wookey,2002
热带森林土壤Tropical forest soil	2.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Bekku et al., 2003
废弃地Abandoned soil	2.90	红外线分析 IRGA method	Bekku et al., 2003
极地森林土Arctic forest soil	3.40	红外线分析 IRGA method	Bekku et al., 2003
欧洲水青冈Fagus sylvatica	1.71	红外线分析 IRGA method	Granier et al., 2000
硬阔叶林Hardwood forests	3.10	红外线分析 IRGA method	Boone et al., 1998
土耳其橡树Quercus cerris	2.89	红外线分析 IRGA method	Rey et al., 2002

树种 Species	温度系数 Q₁₀ values	方法 Method	参考文献 References
常绿树种Evergreen trees
美国黄松Pinus ponderosa	1.90~2.90	活体;红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Xu et al., 2000, 2001
	1.40	活体;红外线测定;维持呼吸 in vivo; IRGA; maintenance respiration	Ryan et al., 1995
	2.20,2.60,1.50,5.80,1.40,1.40,6.30,1.20,1.50,5.60,1.40,1.50	离体;茎段;气相色谱in vitro; stem segments; gas chromatograph	Pruyn et al., 2002b
	2.40, 2.30,1.60, 1.90	活体; 红外线测定in vivo ; IRGA	Carey et al., 1997
	1.70		Carey et al., 1996
火炬松Pinus taeda	2.90^*	离体;碱吸收法in vitro; soda lime absorption	Kinerson, 1975
	1.68,1.62,2.34,2.48,1.57,1.57,1.58,1.58,1.84,1.80,1.77,1.92,1.40,1.49,1.21,1.24,1.25,1.34,1.55,1.67,1.77,1.90,1.67,1.80,1.92, 2.05	活体;红外线测定; 维持呼吸in vivo; IRGA; maintenance respiration	Maier, 2001
	1.88,1.79		Maier et al., 1998
瑞士石松Pinus cembra	1.80,2.20	活体;红外线测定 in vivo ; IRGA	Ryan et al.,1994b
脂松Pinus resinosa	1.30	活体;红外线测定; 维持呼吸in vivo; IRGA; maintenance respiration	Ryan et al., 1995
湿地松Pinus elliottii	1.90		Ryan et al., 1995
辐射松Pinus radiata	1.40 (树枝 Branches)	活体;红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Ryan et al., 1996
美国宽叶松Pinus engelmannii	3.30,2.30,2.80	活体;红外线测定in vivo, IRGA	Ryan, 1990
黑松Pinus contorta	1.80,2.00,2.30	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Ryan, 1990
短叶松Pinus banksiana	1.20~3.00	活体;红外线测定;维持呼吸in vivo;IRGA; maintenance respiration	Lavigne et al.,1996
欧洲赤松Pinus sylvestris	2.00^*	活体;碱吸收法in vivo; soda lime absorption	Linder & Troeng, 1981
海松Pinus pinaster	1.83,2.13,2.38	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Bosc et al., 2003
香液枞树Abies balsamea	1.56,2.01,2.14,2.68,2.00,2.10, 2.30, 2.50	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Lavigne 1987; Lavigne et al.,1996
温哥华冷杉Abies amabilis	2.00^*	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Sprugel, 1990
欧洲云杉Picea abies	2.60,2.30,2.00,1.90,1.90,2.20,2.10,2.00	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Stockfors & Linder, 1998; Stockfors, 2000
黑云杉Picea mariana	1.50,1.80,2.20	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Lavigne & Ryan, 1997
日本扁柏Chamaecyparis obtuse	1.50,2.00, 2.20,2.80,3.20^*	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Paembonan et al.,1991; Paembonan et al.,1992
美国异叶铁杉Tsuga heterophylla	1.80	活体;红外线测定;维持呼吸in vivo; IRGA; maintenance respiration	Ryan et al.,1995
北美黄杉Pseudotsuga menziesii	2.20,4.50,2.40,4.50,5.30,2.00,4.80,1.90,7.60,1.90	离体; 茎段;气相色谱in vitro; stem segment; gas chromatograph	Pruyn et al., 2002a, 2002b
落叶树种Deciduous trees
兴安落叶松Larix gmelini	2.22~3.53	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Wang et al., 2003
日本落叶松Larix kaempferi	2.60~3.80^*	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Wang et al., 2001b
欧洲水青岗Fagus sylvatica	1.70,1.70,1.80,1.60,2.40,2.70	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Damesin et al.,2002; Damesin,2003
	1.60,1.70,1.80	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Granier et al., 2000
	2.00~3.00(树枝 Branches)	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Granier et al., 2000
巴西白木和铁青树科植物 Simarouba amara & Minquartia guianensis	2.20,2.10^*	活体;红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Ryan et al., 1994a
热带雨林(23种)Tropical rain forest(23 sp.)	1.60,1.80	活体;红外线测定in vivo;IRGA	Meir & Grace, 2002
使君子科植物Guiera senegalensis	2.17	活体;红外线测定in vivo; IRGA	Levy & Jarvis, 1998
使君子科风车子属植物Combretum nigricans	1.64	活体;红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Levy & Jarvis, 1998
响杨Populus tremuloides	1.00, 1.20~1.30	活体;红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Lavigne & Ryan, 1997
碧桃Prunus persica	1.50, 2.00^*	活体;红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Grossman & Dejong, 1994
栗子栎树Quercus prinus	2.40^*	活体;红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Edwards & Hanson, 1996
白栎树Quercus alba	2.40^*	活体; 红外线测定 in vivo; IRGA	Edwards & Hanson, 1996
北美红枫Acer rubrum	1.70^*
	1.70^*
北美枫香Liquidambar styraciflua	1.90,2.20,2.10,1.70		Edwards et al., 2002

林木非同化器官与土壤呼吸的温度系数Q₁₀值的特征分析

CHARACTERISTICS OF ROOT, STEM, AND SOIL RESPIRATION Q₁₀ TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS

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Q₁₀值 Q₁₀ value	算数平均数 Arithmetic mean	调和平均数 Harmonic mean	几何平均数 Geometric mean	中位数 Median
树干呼吸 Stem respiration	2.18	1.93	2.03	1.91
根系呼吸 Root respiration	2.50	2.30	2.40	2.40
根系+土壤呼吸 Root+soil respiration	3.24	2.42	2.70	2.57
土壤呼吸 Soil respiration	3.74	2.97	3.27	3.00

项目与方法 Item & method	土壤呼吸 Soil respiration			根系呼吸 Root respiration		树干呼吸 Stem respiration
项目与方法 Item & method	碱吸收 Soda lime absorption	红外线 IRGA	气相色谱 Gas chromatograph analysis	壕沟 Trenched box	断根 Excised root	活体测定 in vivo	离体测定 in vitro
Q₁₀值Q₁₀ values	2.14(0.43)^a	3.69(4.26)^a	2.84(1.36)^a	2.94(1.20)^a	2.43(0.75)^a	1.98(0.49)^a	3.15(1.93)^b
样本数Sample number	18	89	12	4	23	113	23

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[9]	杨开军, 杨万勤, 谭羽, 贺若阳, 庄丽燕, 李志杰, 谭波, 徐振锋. 川西亚高山云杉林冬季土壤呼吸对雪被去除的短期响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(9): 964-971.
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[11]	葛晓改, 周本智, 肖文发, 王小明, 曹永慧, 叶明. 生物质炭添加对毛竹林土壤呼吸动态和温度敏感性的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(11): 1177-1189.
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