植物生态学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 432-440.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0058
所属专题: 生态系统碳水能量通量
杨继松1,2(), 刘景双1, 王金达1, 于君宝1, 孙志高1,2, 李新华1,2
接受日期:
2005-09-08
发布日期:
2006-05-30
作者简介:
E-mail: yangisong@neigae.ac.cn.
基金资助:
YANG Ji-Song1,2(), LIU Jing-Shuang1, WANG Jin-Da1, YU Jun-Bao1, SUN Zhi-Gao1,2, LI Xin-Hua1,2
Accepted:
2005-09-08
Published:
2006-05-30
摘要:
2003年6~9月采用静态箱-气相色谱法,对三江平原生长季不同淹水条件下沼泽湿地CH4、N2O的排放进行了同步对比研究,并探讨了影响气体排放的主要影响因素。结果表明,生长季沼泽湿地CH4和N2O排放具有明显的时空变化特征。长期淹水的毛果苔草(Carex lasiocarpa)和漂筏苔草(Carex pseudocuraica)植物带CH4的平均排放强度分别为259.2和273.6 mg·m-2·d-1,高于季节性淹水的小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)植物带的排放强度(38.16 mg·m-2·d-1)(p<0.000 1);而生长季N2O的平均排放强度分别为0.969、0.932 和0.983 mg·m-2·d-1, 植物带间无显著差异(p=0.967)。相关分析表明,气温和5 cm深地温对沼泽湿地CH4生长季排放通量的影响较大,而水位则是影响长期淹水沼泽N2O排放通量的主要因素;不同类型湿地间CH4平均排放强度的差异主要受水位的控制,而强烈的还原环境可能是导致不同类型湿地具有近似的N2O排放强度的原因。
杨继松, 刘景双, 王金达, 于君宝, 孙志高, 李新华. 三江平原生长季沼泽湿地CH4、N2O排放及其影响因素. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(3): 432-440. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0058
YANG Ji-Song, LIU Jing-Shuang, WANG Jin-Da, YU Jun-Bao, SUN Zhi-Gao, LI Xin-Hua. EMISSIONS OF CH<sub>4</sub> AND N<sub>2</sub>O FROM A WETLAND IN THE SANJIANG PLAIN. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(3): 432-440. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0058
群落类型 Plant type | 有机碳 Organic carbon (%) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (%) | 植物地上生物量 Above-ground biomass (g·m-2) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
漂筏苔草 Carex pseudocuraica | 21.30 | 1.55 | 494.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
毛果苔草 C. lasiocarpa | 19.56 | 1.67 | 540.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 11.97 | 0.55 | 716.4 |
表1 不同植物带0~25 cm土壤化学性质及植物地上生物量
Table 1 Chemical properties of soils(0~25 cm) and above-ground biomass in different plant zones
群落类型 Plant type | 有机碳 Organic carbon (%) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (%) | 植物地上生物量 Above-ground biomass (g·m-2) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
漂筏苔草 Carex pseudocuraica | 21.30 | 1.55 | 494.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
毛果苔草 C. lasiocarpa | 19.56 | 1.67 | 540.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 11.97 | 0.55 | 716.4 |
图2 沼泽湿地环状植物带CH4、N2O排放通量的季节变化 A: 小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia B: 毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa C: 漂筏苔草 Carex pseudocuraica
Fig.2 Seasonal variations of CH4 and N2O emissions from different plant zones in the wetland
CH4通量 CH4 flux (mg·m-2·d-1) | N2O通量 N2O flux (mg·m-2·d-1) | 5 cm深地温 Soil temperature at 5 cm depth (℃) | 水位 Standing water depth (cm) | 氧化还原电位 Redox potential of soil(Eh) (mV) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 38.24±47.49b | 0.969±0.708a | 13.8±3.1a | -2.9±5.4b | -130.2±235.8a |
B | 259.30±141.98a | 0.932±0.513a | 12.2±2.2a | 16.1±4a | -264±47.1a |
C | 273.64±137.55a | 0.983±0.542a | 12.6±2.5a | 18.8±4a | -315.2±99.6a |
F | 21.49 | 0.033 | 1.82 | 102.24 | 2.43 |
p | <0.000 1 | 0.967 | 0.172 | <0.000 1 | 0.122 |
n | 17 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 |
表2 生长季沼泽湿地不同植物带CH4和N2O排放通量、5 cm深地温、水位和不同深度氧化还原电位(Eh)的均值(±SD)及ANOVA分析
Table 2 Mean rates(±SD) of CH4 and N2O emissions, soil temperature at 5 cm depth, standing water table and redox potential of soil (Eh) at different depth of three plant zones in the wetland in growing seasons and ANOVA analysis
CH4通量 CH4 flux (mg·m-2·d-1) | N2O通量 N2O flux (mg·m-2·d-1) | 5 cm深地温 Soil temperature at 5 cm depth (℃) | 水位 Standing water depth (cm) | 氧化还原电位 Redox potential of soil(Eh) (mV) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 38.24±47.49b | 0.969±0.708a | 13.8±3.1a | -2.9±5.4b | -130.2±235.8a |
B | 259.30±141.98a | 0.932±0.513a | 12.2±2.2a | 16.1±4a | -264±47.1a |
C | 273.64±137.55a | 0.983±0.542a | 12.6±2.5a | 18.8±4a | -315.2±99.6a |
F | 21.49 | 0.033 | 1.82 | 102.24 | 2.43 |
p | <0.000 1 | 0.967 | 0.172 | <0.000 1 | 0.122 |
n | 17 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 |
植被类型 Vegetation | CH4 emission (mg·m-2·d-1) | N2O emission (mg·m-2·d-1) | 观测期 Observation period | 引自 Cited from |
---|---|---|---|---|
漂筏苔草 Carex pseudocuraica | 273.6 | 0.969 | 2003年6至9月 June to September in 2003 | 本研究 This study |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 259.2 | 0.932 | ||
小叶章Deyeuxia angustifolia | 38.16 | 0.983 | ||
芦苇-小叶章Phragmites communis-Deyeuxia angustifolia | 942.72 | 1995年6至9月、1996年5月 June to September in 1995 and May in1996 | 崔保山 ( Cui( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 496.08 | |||
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 854.4 | 2001年8月 August in 2001 | Ding et al. ( | |
乌拉苔草 Carex meyeriana | 746.4 | |||
小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 616.8 | |||
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 414.96 | 2001年5月至10月 May to October in 2001 | 王德宣等( Wang et al. ( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa 小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 307.2a 205.44a | 2002年6月至2003年4月 June in 2002 to April in 2003 | 宋长春等( Song et al. ( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa 小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 285.6 204 | 2002年6月至10月 June to October in 2002 | 郝庆菊等( Hao et al. ( | |
小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 7.1~453.9b | 2002年6月至2004年5月 June in 2002 to May in 2004 | 王毅勇等( Wang et al. ( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa 小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 0.005 0.042 | 2001年8月至9月 August to September in 2001 | 刘景双等( Liu et al. ( |
表3 三江平原生长季沼泽湿地不同植物带CH4和N2O的排放速率均值
Table 3 Mean values of CH4 and N2O emissions from different plant zones of wetlands in growing seasons in Sanjiang Plain according to previous studies
植被类型 Vegetation | CH4 emission (mg·m-2·d-1) | N2O emission (mg·m-2·d-1) | 观测期 Observation period | 引自 Cited from |
---|---|---|---|---|
漂筏苔草 Carex pseudocuraica | 273.6 | 0.969 | 2003年6至9月 June to September in 2003 | 本研究 This study |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 259.2 | 0.932 | ||
小叶章Deyeuxia angustifolia | 38.16 | 0.983 | ||
芦苇-小叶章Phragmites communis-Deyeuxia angustifolia | 942.72 | 1995年6至9月、1996年5月 June to September in 1995 and May in1996 | 崔保山 ( Cui( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 496.08 | |||
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 854.4 | 2001年8月 August in 2001 | Ding et al. ( | |
乌拉苔草 Carex meyeriana | 746.4 | |||
小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 616.8 | |||
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa | 414.96 | 2001年5月至10月 May to October in 2001 | 王德宣等( Wang et al. ( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa 小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 307.2a 205.44a | 2002年6月至2003年4月 June in 2002 to April in 2003 | 宋长春等( Song et al. ( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa 小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 285.6 204 | 2002年6月至10月 June to October in 2002 | 郝庆菊等( Hao et al. ( | |
小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 7.1~453.9b | 2002年6月至2004年5月 June in 2002 to May in 2004 | 王毅勇等( Wang et al. ( | |
毛果苔草 Carex lasiocarpa 小叶章 Deyeuxia angustifolia | 0.005 0.042 | 2001年8月至9月 August to September in 2001 | 刘景双等( Liu et al. ( |
图3 各观测点气温、土壤温度(5 cm)、水位和Eh Eh: 氧化还原电位 Redox potential of soil mV: 毫伏 Millivolt A, B, C: 同图2 See Fig. 2
Fig.3 Temperatures of air and soil at 5 cm depth, standing water depth and Eh in observed sites
影响因素 Factors | A | B | C | 植物带间 Among plant zones | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH4 | N2O | CH4 | N2O | CH4 | N2O | CH4 | N2O | |
AT | 0.450 | 0.344 | 0.201 | -0.295 | 0.240 | 0.032 | ||
ST | 0.359 | -0.089 | 0.392 | 0.165 | 0.560* | 0.211 | -0.956 | 0.477 |
SW | 0.176 | -0.122 | -0.100 | -0.701** | 0.035 | -0.528* | 0.998* | -0.140 |
Eh | 0.977 | -0.017 |
表4 不同植物带内和植物带间CH4和N2O与影响因素之间的相关性
Table 4 The relationships between CH4 and N2O fluxes and factors within and among different plant zones
影响因素 Factors | A | B | C | 植物带间 Among plant zones | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH4 | N2O | CH4 | N2O | CH4 | N2O | CH4 | N2O | |
AT | 0.450 | 0.344 | 0.201 | -0.295 | 0.240 | 0.032 | ||
ST | 0.359 | -0.089 | 0.392 | 0.165 | 0.560* | 0.211 | -0.956 | 0.477 |
SW | 0.176 | -0.122 | -0.100 | -0.701** | 0.035 | -0.528* | 0.998* | -0.140 |
Eh | 0.977 | -0.017 |
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