光照下菜豆叶片抗氰呼吸与光合作用关系的分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了进一步了解光照下植物呼吸作用的内在机理以及呼吸作用和光合作用的关系, 该文研究了在光照下菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)叶片抗氰呼吸与光合作用的关系。研究发现, 将黑暗下生长的菜豆幼苗叶片转到光照下10 h, 总呼吸、抗氰呼吸以及抗氰呼吸在总呼吸中的比例均逐步上升; 光照也导致了叶片叶绿体光合放氧和CO₂固定的出现及其速率的增加, 但光合放氧和CO₂固定速率的增加均滞后于抗氰呼吸的增加。将黑暗下生长的叶片转到光照下之前用抗氰呼吸的抑制剂水杨基氧肟酸(SHAM)处理叶片, 发现用SHAM处理并没有导致叶片在光照下光合放氧和CO₂固定速率的明显变化, 这也提示了黑暗下生长的叶片转至光照的过程中, 抗氰呼吸和光合作用没有产生偶联。进一步研究发现, 在黑暗中对叶片施加短时间的光照能够增加抗氰呼吸在总呼吸中的比例, 但短时间的光照对叶片光合CO₂固定速率没有影响。这些结果表明了光照对抗氰呼吸的诱导可以不依赖于光合作用, 光照可能是作为一种直接的信号去诱导抗氰呼吸。

关键词: 抗氰呼吸, 光照, 光合作用

Abstract: Aims

In order to further understand the inner mechanism of plant respiration and the relationship between respiration and photosynthesis of plant under light, our objective was to reveal the relationship between cyanide-resistant respiration and photosynthesis in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaves under light.

<i>Methods</i>

By exposing the dark-grown leaves to light for 10 h, changes in total respiration (V_t), the cyanide-resistant respiration (V_alt), photosynthetic O₂evolution, and photosynthetic CO₂ fixation, and the effects of inhibitor of the cyanide-resistant respiration on photosynthesis were measured and analyzed. We also measured and analyzed changes in the ratio of cyanide-resistant respiration, total respiration, and photosynthetic CO₂ fixation when leaves in the dark were exposed to a brief period (10 min) of light. Important findings After exposing the dark-grown leaves to light for 10 h, V_t, V_alt, and the value of V_alt/V_t all increased. During the process, time-course analysis after the onset of illumination demonstrated that the induction of the cyanide-resistant respiration in light was prior to the formations of the photosynthetic O₂evolution and CO₂ fixation. This observation indicates that the induction of the cyanide-resistant respiration by light is independent of photosynthesis. The dark-grown leaves pretreated with 1 mmol·L^-1 salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM; the inhibitor of the cyanide-resistant respiration) were exposed to illumination for 10 h, and SHAM did not result in apparent modification of the photosynthetic O₂evolution and CO₂ fixation in the leaves when exposed to light. This observation also showed that there was no direct linkage between photosynthesis and the cyanide-resistant respiration when the dark-grown leaves were exposed to light. In addition, under the condition of darkness, 10 min of light illumination obviously increased the value of V_alt/V_t but did not significantly affect the level of photosynthetic CO₂ fixation.

Results

indicate that the induction of the cyanide-resistant respiration by light may be independent of photosynthesis. Light should have a direct influence on induction of the cyanide-resistant respiration.

Key words: cyanide-resistant respiration, light illumination, photosynthesis

冯汉青, 管东东, 焦青松, 贾凌云, 孙坤. 光照下菜豆叶片抗氰呼吸与光合作用关系的分析. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(1): 104-109. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0011

FENG Han-Qing,GUAN Dong-Dong,JIAO Qing-Song,JIA Ling-Yun,SUN Kun. Analysis of the relationship between cyanide-resistant respiration and photosynthesis under light in Phaseolus vulgaris leaves. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(1): 104-109. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0011

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0011

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I1/104

图/表 5

图1 黑暗生长的叶片转至光照下总呼吸(Vt)、抗氰呼吸的容量(Valt)和抗氰呼吸的容量与总呼吸的比值(Valt/Vt)的变化。数值为4次独立实验的平均值±标准偏差。所示时间为叶片转至光照下的时间。Valt/Vt来自于Valt平均值和Vt的平均值之间的比值。

Fig. 1 Changes in total respiration (Vt), capacity of cyanide- resistant respiration (Valt) and the ratio of Valt to Vt in dark- grown leaves exposed to continuous light for 10 h. These are individual samples taken during four different experiments. Time indicates hours after starting illumination. Values are mean values ± SD of four independent experiments. The horizontal axis shows the time after exposing to light. Valt/Vt was computed based on the average values of Vt and Valt.

图2 交替氧化酶基因(AOX )在持续10 h光照下的变化。

Fig. 2 Alternative oxidase (AOX) transcript levels during 10 h of continuous illumination.

图3 黑暗生长的叶片转至光照下叶绿体CO2固定速率(□)和放氧速率(■)的变化。数值为4次独立实验的平均值±标准偏差。横坐标所示时间为叶片转至光照下的时间。

Fig. 3 Changes in oxygen evolution (■) and carbon dioxide fixation (□) in whole chloroplasts of the dark-grown leaves exposed to 10 h of continuous light. Values are mean values ± SD of four independent experiments. The horizontal axis shows the time after exposing to light.

表1 黑暗中生长的叶片转至光照过程中水杨基氧肟酸(SHAM)对叶片光合CO2固定和放氧速率的影响

Table 1 The effects of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) on photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate and carbon dioxide fixation rate when the dark-grown leaves were exposed to continuous light

光照的时间 Time of illumination (h)	SHAM对于光合作用的影响 Effects of SHAM on photosynthesis (% of control)
光照的时间 Time of illumination (h)	光合放氧 Oxygen evolution	光合CO₂固定 CO₂fixation
0	100^a	100^a
2	100^a	100^a
4	98 ± 5^a	100^a
6	101 ± 3^a	100^a
8	97 ± 4^a	96 ± 4^a
10	102 ± 4^a	95 ± 3^a

图4 短时间光照对抗氰呼吸途径与总呼吸比值(Valt/Vt, %) (■)以及对光合CO2固定速率(□)的影响。一周龄生长在12 h光照/12 h黑暗下的植物转至光黑暗中, 并每隔12 h给予10 min的短时间光照。以仍处于黑暗下的叶片作为对照(100%)。所示时间为叶片转至黑暗下的时间。数值为4次独立实验的平均值±标准偏差。

Fig. 4 Effect of short period of illumination on the ratio of cyanide-resistant respiration pathway to total respiration (Valt/Vt, %) (■) and photosynthetic CO2 fixation rate (□). One-week-old plants grown in 12 h light/12 h dark photoperiods were transferred to darkness and then received 10 min plus of light once every 12 h. Leaves in darkness were assigned the values of control (100%). Time indicates hours in darkness. Results are mean values ± SD of four independent experiments.

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