植物比叶质量研究进展

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0428

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

比叶质量(LMA)是叶片经济型谱中最基础的叶功能性状, 也是重要的复合型结构参数。LMA不仅与植物的许多生理反应密切相关, 而且能定量测定光合产物在单位叶面积的投入, 因而被认为是反映植物生态策略的重要指标。目前, 有关LMA的深入研究已在植物生态学、农学、林学、植物生理学领域全面展开。该文系统阐述了LMA在叶片整体、组织、细胞三个水平的结构解析和计算方法; 重点分析了LMA对光合作用的影响; 讨论了LMA的内在遗传差异以及外部的环境胁迫因子(温度、水分、光照)对LMA的影响, 以期梳理比叶质量研究的思路、策略和方法, 为今后的研究提供借鉴和参考。

关键词: 比叶质量, 叶片厚度, 叶片密度, 光合作用, 叶肉细胞导度, 环境胁迫

Abstract:

Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a composite structural parameter as well as a basic leaf functional trait in the leaf economics spectrum (LES). It is not only closely related to many physiological responses of plants, but also can measure the investment of dry mass per unit of light-intercepting leaf area. LMA is considered an important indicator of plant ecological strategies and has been studied widely in plant ecology, agronomy, forestry, and plant physiology. This paper elucidates the structural analysis and computational methods of LMA at the organizational scales of whole leaf, tissues and cells, examines the influence of LMA on photosynthesis, and discusses the inherent differences in LMA and the responses of LMA to environmental stresses (temperature, water and light), aiming for clarifying research frameworks and methods in studies of LMA and providing guidance on future research.

Key words: leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf density, leaf thickness, photosynthesis, mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm), environmental stress

刘明秀, 梁国鲁. 植物比叶质量研究进展. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(8): 847-860. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0428

Ming-Xiu LIU, Guo-Lu LIANG. Research progress on leaf mass per area. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016, 40(8): 847-860. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0428

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0428

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2016/V40/I8/847

图/表 3

图1 比叶质量(LMA)在三种水平(叶片、组织、细胞)的分解概念图。引自Villar等(2013)。

Fig. 1 Conceptual diagram of the anatomical characteristics at three integration levels (leaf, tissue, and cell) (marked with different gray) to show variation in leaf mass per area (LMA). Cited from Villar et al. (2013). LD, leaf density; LVA, leaf volume per area.

图2 不同植物的叶肉细胞导度(gm)与其比叶质量(LMA)之间的关系(非胁迫条件下)。向上的实心三角形代表高海拔植物, 向下的实心三角形代表老叶, 实心的正方形代表阴生叶, 其他的叶用圆圈表示。引自Flexas et al. (2008)。

Fig. 2 The relationship between mesophyll conductance (gm) and leaf mass per area (LMA) in different species, in the absence of stress. Data from high-altitude plants are indicated by filled upward triangles, old leaves by filled downward triangles and shade leaves by filled squares. Other leaves are indicated by open circles. Cited from Flexas et al. (2008).

Table 1 Abbreviations and associated meanings and units used in this paper

缩写 Abbreviation	含义 Meaning	单位 Unit
LMA	比叶质量 Leaf mass per area	g·m^-2
SLA	比叶面积 Specific leaf area	m²·kg^-1
LD	叶片密度 Leaf density	g·mL^-1
VA	叶片不同组织及气室单位面积体积 Volume per area of different tissues and air spaces	mL·m^-2
LVA	叶片体积 Leaf volume per area	mL·m^-2
T_cw	细胞壁厚度 Mesophyll cell wall thickness	μm
g_m	叶肉细胞导度 Mesophyll conductance to CO₂	mol CO₂ m^-2·s^-1·bar^-1
A_area	单位叶面积光合速率 Net CO₂ assimilation rate per unit leaf area	mol·m^-2·s^-1
A_mass	叶片单位质量光合速率 Net CO₂ assimilation rate per unit leaf mass	mol·g^-1·s^-1
N_area	单位叶面积氮含量 Nitrogen per unit leaf area	%
N_mass	叶片单位质量氮含量 Nitrogen per unit leaf mass	%
air	气室 Air spaces	-
epi	表皮层与角质层 Epidermis and cuticle	-
mes	叶肉细胞 Mesophyll (spongy and palisade parenchyma)	-
vst	维管组织与厚壁组织 Vascular tissue plus sclerenchymatous tissue	-

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