氮添加对武夷山亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

该文以福建武夷山亚热带常绿阔叶林为研究对象, 通过设置3个氮(N)添加梯度的野外实验, 研究了群落内乔木植物、灌木植物、草本植物、蕨类植物和苔藓植物叶片N、磷(P)化学计量特征对N沉降的响应, 以及不同功能群和物种化学计量特征对N沉降响应的差异。在已开展5年人工N添加的样地内, 3年的监测结果表明: N添加整体上提高了植物叶片N含量, 草本层植物叶片N含量对N添加的响应比乔木层和灌木层植物更加敏感, 优势种米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)、草本植物砂仁(Amomum villosum)、蕨类植物狗脊(Woodwardia japonica)的叶片N含量显著增加。N添加整体上增加了植物叶片P含量, 乔木层植物和灌木层植物叶片P含量没有显著变化, 草本层植物叶片P含量显著增加, 而苔藓植物叶片P含量显著减少。N添加促使武夷山亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶片N:P由18.67上升至19.72, 加剧了植物生长的P限制; 乔木物种N:P的变化较灌木和草本物种更加稳定。N添加条件下, 植物叶片N:P的变化主要受到叶片P含量而非N含量变化的影响, N添加对生态系统P循环的影响显著。

关键词: 氮添加, 叶化学计量特征, 氮含量, 磷含量, 亚热带常绿阔叶林, 武夷山

Abstract:

Aims Our purpose was to explore the effects of nitrogen addition on foliar nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and N:P stoichiometry and to assess their differences among different species and functional groups.
Methods N addition experiment has been conducted in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Mount Wuyi, Fujian Province since 2011. Foliar concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were measured and foliar stoichiometry was estimated in tree, shrub, herb, fern and moss species following the N addition treatments from 2013 to 2015.
Important findings Generally, foliar N increased for almost all species and herbaceous plants are much more sensitive than trees and shrubs under N addition. Foliar N of Castanopsis carlesii, Amomum villosum, Woodwardia japonica increased significantly under N addition. Foliar P for most species was sensitive to the N addition. Foliar P of herbaceous plants increased significantly but foliar P of Leucobryum chlorophyllosum decreased significantly. The results showed the subtropical evergreen forest in Mount Wuyi was mainly limited by P and mean foliar N:P ratios enhanced from 18.67 to 19.72 under N addition, indicating that the strength of P limitation was enhanced by N addition. N:P ratios of the dominant arboreal species in the communities tended to be stable, while N:P ratios of herbaceous plants and shrubs increased. The changes in N:P ratios were mainly determined by P dynamics instead of N dynamics under N addition, and our results confirmed that increasing N availability can affect P cycling.

Key words: nitrogen addition, foliar stoichiometry, nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, Mount Wuyi

王乔姝怡, 郑成洋, 张歆阳, 曾发旭, 邢娟. 氮添加对武夷山亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(11): 1124-1135. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0110

Qiao-Shu-Yi WANG, Cheng-Yang ZHENG, Xin-Yang ZHANG, Fa-Xu ZENG, Juan XING. Impacts of nitrogen addition on foliar nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Mount Wuyi. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016, 40(11): 1124-1135. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0110

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0110

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2016/V40/I11/1124

图/表 6

图1 N添加对不同功能群物种叶片N含量、P含量和N:P的影响(平均值±标准误差)。CK、LN、MN和HN指N添加量分别为0、50、100和150 kg N?hm-2?a-1。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。A, D, G, 乔木层植物。B, E, H, 灌木层植物。C, F, I, 林下草本层植物。

Fig. 1 Effects of N addition on foliar N concentrations, P concentrations and N:P ratios in different functional groups (mean ± SE). CK, LN, MN and HN indicate that N addition were 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N?hm-2?a-1, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05 levels. A, D, G, Trees. B, E, H, Shrubs. C, F, I, Understory plants.

图2 N添加对植物叶片N含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。A, 米槠。B, 刨花润楠。C, 杉木。D, 树参。E, 柃木。F, 弯蒴杜鹃。G, 砂仁。H, 狗脊。I, 绿色白发藓。CK、LN、MN和HN指N添加量分别为0、50、100和150 kg N?hm-2?a-1。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of N addition on foliar N concentrations of nine species (mean ± SE). A, Castanopsis carlesii. B, Machilus pauhoi. C, Cunninghamia lanceolata. D, Dendropanax dentiger. E, Eurya japonica. F, Rhododendron henryi. G, Amomum villosum. H, Woodwardia japonica. I, Leucobryum chlorophyllosum. CK, LN, MN and HN indicate that N addition were 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N?hm-2?a-1, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05 levels.

图3 N添加对植物叶片P含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。A, 米槠。B, 刨花润楠。C, 杉木。D, 树参。E, 柃木。F, 弯蒴杜鹃。G, 砂仁。H, 狗脊。I, 绿色白发藓。CK、LN、MN和HN指N添加量分别为0、50、100和150 kg N?hm-2?a-1。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of N addition on foliar P concentrations of nine species (mean ± SE). A, Castanopsis carlesii. B, Machilus pauhoi. C, Cunninghamia lanceolata. D, Dendropanax dentiger. E, Eurya japonica. F, Rhododendron henryi. G, Amomum villosum. H, Woodwardia japonica. I, Leucobryum chlorophyllosum. CK, LN, MN and HN indicate that N addition were 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N?hm-2?a-1, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05 levels.

图4 N添加对植物叶片N:P的影响(平均值±标准误差)。A, 米槠。B, 刨花润楠。C, 杉木。D, 树参。E, 柃木。F, 弯蒴杜鹃。G, 砂仁。H, 狗脊。I, 绿色白发藓。CK、LN、MN和HN指N添加量分别为0、50、100和150 kg N?hm-2?a-1。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Effects of N addition on foliar N:P ratios of nine species (mean ± SE). A, Castanopsis carlesii. B, Machilus pauhoi. C, Cunninghamia lanceolata. D, Dendropanax dentiger. E, Eurya japonica. F, Rhododendron henryi. G, Amomum villosum. H, Woodwardia japonica. I, Leucobryum chlorophyllosum. CK, LN, MN and HN indicate that N addition were 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N?hm-2?a-1, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05 levels.

图5 叶片N:P变化与叶片N、P含量变化的关系。HN、LN、MN指N添加量分别为150、50和100 kg N·hm-2·a-1。

Fig. 5 Correlations between the relative effect of foliar N:P ratios and the relative effect of N or P concentrations. HN, LN, MN indicate that N addition were 150, 50 and 100 kg N·hm-2·a-1, respectively.

表1 不同N添加处理下的土壤养分状况(平均值±标准误差)

Table 1 Soil nutrient status under different N addition treatments (mean ± SE)

土层深度 Soil depth (cm)	处理 Treatment	全碳 Total C (mg?g^-1)	全氮 Total N (mg?g^-1)	全磷 Total P (mg?g^-1)	N:P N:P ratios	pH
0-5	CK	47.44 ± 9.22	3.39 ± 0.02	0.41 ± 0.02^a	8.28 ± 0.30^a	4.27 ± 0.22
	LN	49.53 ± 3.69	3.65 ± 0.11	0.47 ± 0.02^b	7.83 ± 0.07^ab	4.43 ± 0.15
	MN	43.75 ± 3.53	3.24 ± 0.10	0.43 ± 0.01^ab	7.54 ± 0.12^b	4.42 ± 0.19
	HN	45.59 ± 5.64	3.32 ± 0.16	0.46 ± 0.02^ab	7.26 ± 0.22^b	4.45 ± 0.06
5-10	CK	36.93 ± 7.59	2.62 ± 0.20	0.39 ± 0.02	6.75 ± 0.21^a	4.40 ± 0.17
	LN	36.27 ± 3.25	2.81 ± 0.09	0.43 ± 0.02	6.57 ± 0.31^a	4.49 ± 0.14
	MN	28.38 ± 5.53	2.32 ± 0.17	0.40 ± 0.02	5.76 ± 0.18^b	4.44 ± 0.14
	HN	31.37 ± 2.13	2.44 ± 0.08	0.41 ± 0.01	6.04 ± 0.22^ab	4.58 ± 0.06

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