鄂尔多斯高原3种固沙灌木水分利用效率的时空变化特征

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0266

植物生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (9): 1180-1191.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0266 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2023.0266

鄂尔多斯高原3种固沙灌木水分利用效率的时空变化特征

吴风燕¹^,², 吴永胜¹^,²^,^*(), 陈晓涵¹^,², 冯骥¹^,², 卢丽媛¹^,², 查斯娜¹^,², 王超宇¹^,², 孟元发², 尹强²

¹内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院, 呼和浩特 010022
²中国农业科学院草原研究所, 呼和浩特 010010

收稿日期:2023-09-14 接受日期:2024-05-27 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-06-11
通讯作者: *吴永胜 (yswuwork@126.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42061017);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2022MS04002);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2021LHMS03017);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFDZ0036)

Spatial-temporal variation of water use efficiency in three species of sand-fixing shrubs on the Ordos Plateau

WU Feng-Yan¹^,², WU Yong-Sheng¹^,²^,^*(), CHEN Xiao-Han¹^,², FENG Ji¹^,², LU Li-Yuan¹^,², CHASINA ¹^,², WANG Chao-Yu¹^,², MENG Yuan-Fa², YIN Qiang²

¹College of Geographical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
²Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China

Received:2023-09-14 Accepted:2024-05-27 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-06-11
Contact: *WU Yong-Sheng (yswuwork@126.com)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42061017);Natural Science Foundation of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region(2022MS04002);Natural Science Foundation of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region(2021LHMS03017);Nei Mongol Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program(2022YFDZ0036)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为评价固沙植物北沙柳(Salix psammophila)、黑沙蒿(Artemisia ordosica)和柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)在不同水热梯度上的适应性, 分别在鄂尔多斯市达拉特旗、乌审旗和榆林市靖边县境内设置固定样地, 测定了上述3种固沙植物7-9月叶片碳稳定同位素组成(δ¹³C)和水分利用效率(WUE), 分析不同类型固沙植物WUE与气温、降雨量和干旱指数(AI)之间的关系。结果表明: (1)柠条锦鸡儿叶片δ¹³C和WUE最高, 北沙柳次之, 黑沙蒿最低, 且7月份3种固沙植物叶片δ¹³C和WUE均显著高于8和9月份; (2)北沙柳叶片δ¹³C和WUE随着AI的增加无显著差异, 而AI最高的达拉特旗, 柠条锦鸡儿和黑沙蒿叶片δ¹³C和WUE显著高于乌审旗和靖边县; 多因素方差分析结果表明, 固沙植物种类及其所处空间差异对植物叶片δ¹³C和WUE的影响最大; (3)线性回归分析结果表明, 除柠条锦鸡儿WUE对气温变化无显著响应外, 气温、降雨量和AI均显著影响了植物WUE。其中, 柠条锦鸡儿WUE对AI变化的响应最为敏感, 北沙柳对气温变化的响应更为敏感, 而黑沙蒿WUE对上述环境因子变化的响应较平稳。

关键词: 固沙灌木, 碳稳定同位素, 水分利用效率, 干旱指数, 鄂尔多斯高原

Abstract:

Aims To evaluate the adaptability of Salix psammophila, Artemisia ordosica and Caragana korshinskii to different hydrothermal gradients.

Methods In this paper, fixed sample plots were established in the areas of Dalad Banner and Uxin Banner, Ordos City and Jingbian County, Yulin City, respectively, to study the carbon stable isotope composition (δ¹³C) and water use efficiency (WUE) of the leaves of the above three types of sand-fixing plants during the months of July to September, and to analyze the relationships between the WUE of the different types of sand-fixing plants and air temperature, precipitation and aridity index (AI).

Important findings The results showed that: (1) The δ¹³C and WUE values were highest in C. korshinskii, and lowest in A. ordosica, and these values were significantly higher in July than in August and September; (2) for Salix psammophila, leaf δ¹³C and WUE did not exhibit a systematic trend with the increase in AI, while in Dalad Banner, where AI was the highest, leaf δ¹³C and WUE were significantly higher than Uxin Banner and Jingbian County in C. korshinskii and A. ordosica; the results of multifactorial ANOVA showed that the plant species and the spatial differences in which they were located had the greatest influence on plant δ¹³C and WUE; (3) The results of linear regression analysis showed that air temperature, precipitation and AI significantly affected WUE, except for C. korshinskii WUE, which had no significant effect on air temperature changes. among them, C. korshinskii WUE was the most sensitive to changes in AI, S. psammophila was more sensitive to changes in air temperature, while WUE of A. ordosica had a smoother response to changes in the above environmental factors.

Key words: sand fixing shrub, carbon stable isotope, water use efficiency, aridity index, Ordos Plateau

吴风燕, 吴永胜, 陈晓涵, 冯骥, 卢丽媛, 查斯娜, 王超宇, 孟元发, 尹强. 鄂尔多斯高原3种固沙灌木水分利用效率的时空变化特征. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(9): 1180-1191. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0266

WU Feng-Yan, WU Yong-Sheng, CHEN Xiao-Han, FENG Ji, LU Li-Yuan, CHASINA , WANG Chao-Yu, MENG Yuan-Fa, YIN Qiang. Spatial-temporal variation of water use efficiency in three species of sand-fixing shrubs on the Ordos Plateau. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(9): 1180-1191. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0266

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I9/1180

图/表 7

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特征 Characteristic	达拉特旗 Dalad Banner	乌审旗 Uxin Banner	靖边县 Jingbian County
地理坐标 Geographical coordinate	110.00° E, 40.32° N	110.33° E, 38.97° N	108.88° E, 37.75° N
气候类型 Climate type	温带大陆干旱与半干旱区季风气候 Temperate continental arid and semi-arid monsoon climate (Zhang & Wang, 2017)	温带大陆半干旱区季风性气候 Temperate continental semi-arid monsoon climate (Zhang, 2022b)	温带大陆半干旱区季风性气候 Temperate continental semi-arid monsoon climate (Wu et al., 2018)
平均海拔 Average altitude (m)	1 100	1 300	1 350
年降水量 Average annual precipitation (mm)	311.4 (Wu et al., 2018)	331.5 (Zhang, 2023)	394.7 (Wu et al., 2018)
年蒸发量 Average annual evaporation (mm)	2 600 (Tang et al., 2018)	2 500 (Zhang, 2022b)	2 482 (Chen et al., 2023)
年平均气温 Average annual air temperature (℃)	6.1	6.8	7.8
年均干旱指数(平均值±标准误) Average annual aridity index (mean ± SE)	10.18 ± 4.10	8.75 ± 3.30	7.22 ± 2.02
土壤类型 Soil type	风沙土、栗钙土、盐碱土、黏土等 Sandy soil, chestnut soil, saline soil, clay, et al. (Guo, 2017)	栗钙土、草甸土、风沙土等 chestnut soil, meadow soil, sandy soil, et al. (Zhang, 2022b)	栗钙土、风沙土、棕钙土、灰钙土、黑垆土等 Chestnut soil, sandy soil, brown calcium soil, calcium grey soil, black clay, et al. (He, 2009)
野生植物 Natural plants	小叶杨、北沙柳、山竹岩黄耆、沙枣、沙棘、黑沙蒿、塔落岩黄耆、沙蓬、狗尾草等 Populus simonii, Salix psammophila, Hedysarum fruticosum, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Hippophae rhamnoides, Artemisia ordosica, Hedysarum fruticosum var. laeve, Agriophyllum pungens, Setaria viridis, et al. (Zhang, 2022a)	沙棘、猪毛菜、香青兰、柽柳、黑沙蒿、北沙柳、短花针茅、中间锦鸡儿、小叶锦鸡儿、草麻黄等 Hippophae rhamnoides, Salsola collina, Dracocephalum moldavica, Tamarix ramosissima, Artemisia ordosica, Salix psammophila, Stipa breviflora, Caragana liouana, C. microphylla, Ephedra sinica et al. (Zhang, 2022b)	黑沙蒿、短花针茅、沙蓬、软毛虫实、早园竹、猪毛菜、柠条锦鸡儿、山竹岩黄耆、沙拐枣、沙鞭等 Artemisia ordosica, Stipa breviflora, Agriophyllum squarrosum, Corispermum puberulum, Phyllostachys propinqua, Salsola collina, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum fruticosum, Calligonum mongolicum, Psammochloa villosa, et al. (Wu et al., 2018)

特征 Characteristic	达拉特旗 Dalad Banner	乌审旗 Uxin Banner	靖边县 Jingbian County
地理坐标 Geographical coordinate	110.00° E, 40.32° N	110.33° E, 38.97° N	108.88° E, 37.75° N
气候类型 Climate type	温带大陆干旱与半干旱区季风气候 Temperate continental arid and semi-arid monsoon climate (Zhang & Wang, 2017)	温带大陆半干旱区季风性气候 Temperate continental semi-arid monsoon climate (Zhang, 2022b)	温带大陆半干旱区季风性气候 Temperate continental semi-arid monsoon climate (Wu et al., 2018)
平均海拔 Average altitude (m)	1 100	1 300	1 350
年降水量 Average annual precipitation (mm)	311.4 (Wu et al., 2018)	331.5 (Zhang, 2023)	394.7 (Wu et al., 2018)
年蒸发量 Average annual evaporation (mm)	2 600 (Tang et al., 2018)	2 500 (Zhang, 2022b)	2 482 (Chen et al., 2023)
年平均气温 Average annual air temperature (℃)	6.1	6.8	7.8
年均干旱指数(平均值±标准误) Average annual aridity index (mean ± SE)	10.18 ± 4.10	8.75 ± 3.30	7.22 ± 2.02
土壤类型 Soil type	风沙土、栗钙土、盐碱土、黏土等 Sandy soil, chestnut soil, saline soil, clay, et al. (Guo, 2017)	栗钙土、草甸土、风沙土等 chestnut soil, meadow soil, sandy soil, et al. (Zhang, 2022b)	栗钙土、风沙土、棕钙土、灰钙土、黑垆土等 Chestnut soil, sandy soil, brown calcium soil, calcium grey soil, black clay, et al. (He, 2009)
野生植物 Natural plants	小叶杨、北沙柳、山竹岩黄耆、沙枣、沙棘、黑沙蒿、塔落岩黄耆、沙蓬、狗尾草等 Populus simonii, Salix psammophila, Hedysarum fruticosum, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Hippophae rhamnoides, Artemisia ordosica, Hedysarum fruticosum var. laeve, Agriophyllum pungens, Setaria viridis, et al. (Zhang, 2022a)	沙棘、猪毛菜、香青兰、柽柳、黑沙蒿、北沙柳、短花针茅、中间锦鸡儿、小叶锦鸡儿、草麻黄等 Hippophae rhamnoides, Salsola collina, Dracocephalum moldavica, Tamarix ramosissima, Artemisia ordosica, Salix psammophila, Stipa breviflora, Caragana liouana, C. microphylla, Ephedra sinica et al. (Zhang, 2022b)	黑沙蒿、短花针茅、沙蓬、软毛虫实、早园竹、猪毛菜、柠条锦鸡儿、山竹岩黄耆、沙拐枣、沙鞭等 Artemisia ordosica, Stipa breviflora, Agriophyllum squarrosum, Corispermum puberulum, Phyllostachys propinqua, Salsola collina, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum fruticosum, Calligonum mongolicum, Psammochloa villosa, et al. (Wu et al., 2018)

样地 Site	物种 Species	δ¹³C (‰)			WUE (μmol∙mol^-1)
样地 Site	物种 Species	平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE	最大值 Max	最小值 Min
达拉特旗 Dalad Banner	北沙柳 Salix psammophila	-27.14 ± 0.29	-24.20	-29.10	73.44 ± 2.59	99.95	55.74
	黑沙蒿 Artemisia ordosica	-28.16 ± 0.27	-25.92	-29.48	64.27 ± 2.43	84.47	52.30
	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	-25.57 ± 0.28	-24.74	-26.91	87.60 ± 2.51	95.16	75.56
乌审旗 Uxin Banner	北沙柳 Salix psammophila	-27.11 ± 0.51	-25.51	-28.34	73.74 ± 4.59	88.23	62.67
	黑沙蒿 Artemisia ordosica	-28.73 ± 0.27	-27.51	-29.60	59.10 ± 2.42	70.16	51.26
	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	-27.41 ± 0.47	-25.82	-29.02	71.03 ± 4.27	85.36	56.48
靖边县 Jingbian County	北沙柳 Salix psammophila	-27.69 ± 0.15	-26.98	-29.32	68.53 ± 1.37	74.98	61.85
	黑沙蒿 Artemisia ordosica	-28.76 ± 0.13	-27.97	-29.46	58.80 ± 1.53	65.99	52.97
	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	-27.92 ± 0.56	-24.21	-29.70	66.41 ± 5.16	79.89	50.30

样地 Site	物种 Species	δ¹³C (‰)			WUE (μmol∙mol^-1)
样地 Site	物种 Species	平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE	最大值 Max	最小值 Min
达拉特旗 Dalad Banner	北沙柳 Salix psammophila	-27.14 ± 0.29	-24.20	-29.10	73.44 ± 2.59	99.95	55.74
	黑沙蒿 Artemisia ordosica	-28.16 ± 0.27	-25.92	-29.48	64.27 ± 2.43	84.47	52.30
	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	-25.57 ± 0.28	-24.74	-26.91	87.60 ± 2.51	95.16	75.56
乌审旗 Uxin Banner	北沙柳 Salix psammophila	-27.11 ± 0.51	-25.51	-28.34	73.74 ± 4.59	88.23	62.67
	黑沙蒿 Artemisia ordosica	-28.73 ± 0.27	-27.51	-29.60	59.10 ± 2.42	70.16	51.26
	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	-27.41 ± 0.47	-25.82	-29.02	71.03 ± 4.27	85.36	56.48
靖边县 Jingbian County	北沙柳 Salix psammophila	-27.69 ± 0.15	-26.98	-29.32	68.53 ± 1.37	74.98	61.85
	黑沙蒿 Artemisia ordosica	-28.76 ± 0.13	-27.97	-29.46	58.80 ± 1.53	65.99	52.97
	柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii	-27.92 ± 0.56	-24.21	-29.70	66.41 ± 5.16	79.89	50.30

影响因素 Influencing factor	df	δ¹³C		影响因素分布值 Distribution values of influencing factor (%)
影响因素 Influencing factor	df	F	p	影响因素分布值 Distribution values of influencing factor (%)
月份 Month	2	7.041	0.001	9.00
地点 Region	2	13.479	<0.001	16.14
物种 Species	2	35.514	<0.001	25.23
月份×地点 Month × region	4	2.126	0.079	1.20
月份×物种 Month × species	4	2.781	0.028	1.56
地点×物种 Region × species	4	22.679	<0.001	12.70
月份×地点×物种 Month × region × species	8	3.894	<0.001	4.40

鄂尔多斯高原3种固沙灌木水分利用效率的时空变化特征

Spatial-temporal variation of water use efficiency in three species of sand-fixing shrubs on the Ordos Plateau

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