固沙灌木柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿木质部导水与叶片光合能力对土壤水分的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0317

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 1422-1431.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0317

所属专题：光合作用

固沙灌木柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿木质部导水与叶片光合能力对土壤水分的响应

张志山¹, 韩高玲¹^,², 霍建强¹^,²^,^*(), 黄日辉³, 薛书文³

¹中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站, 兰州 730000
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
³岭南师范学院地理科学学院, 广东湛江 524036

收稿日期:2022-07-27 接受日期:2023-02-15 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-03-01
通讯作者: * (huojq3061@163.com)
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0008-3);国家自然科学基金(31971529);国家自然科学基金(32301314)

Response of xylem hydraulic conductivity and leaf photosynthetic capacity of sand-binding shrubs Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana to soil water

ZHANG Zhi-Shan¹, HAN Gao-Ling¹^,², HUO Jian-Qiang¹^,²^,^*(), HUANG Ri-Hui³, XUE Shu-Wen³

¹Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³School of Geographical Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524036, China

Received:2022-07-27 Accepted:2023-02-15 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-03-01
Contact: * (huojq3061@163.com)
Supported by:
Major Science and Technology Projects of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region(2021ZD0008-3);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971529);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301314)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水分是干旱沙区植被重建和恢复的主要限制性因子, 土壤有效水分含量直接影响植物木质部水分运输能力。但是不同水分条件下不同物种、不同年龄木质部水力特性和叶片气体交换的差异以及土壤水分含量对其影响的相关研究目前尚不明确。因此, 该研究以10年和30年树龄人工固沙区的柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)和中间锦鸡儿(C. liouana)为实验材料, 研究它们在旱季和雨季下水力特性和光合特性的差异及其关系。研究结果表明, 树龄对柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿木质部导水率、导水率损失百分比、叶片水势和相对含水量等无显著的影响, 而土壤水分含量对其功能性状的影响较显著。树龄和土壤水分含量均对灌木叶片光合作用有显著影响, 但在土壤水分条件良好的情况下树龄对其影响不显著。此外, 土壤含水量与叶片水分含量和木质部茎比导水率之间呈显著的正相关关系; 木质部导水率与叶片水分状态和气孔导度也存在显著的正相关关系, 而光合速率与木质部导水率和叶片水分含量存在显著正相关关系, 这表明土壤水分含量通过影响木质部导水率和栓塞程度而直接影响了叶片水分状况和光合碳同化能力。总而言之, 柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿的木质部导水能力和叶片光合碳同化能力显著地响应了土壤水分含量的变化。

关键词: 固沙灌木, 木质部导水率, 光合特性, 水分效应, 干旱区

Abstract:

Aims Water is the main limiting factor for revegetation and ecorestrotion in arid sandy areas. Soil available water content directly affects the xylem water transport capacity of plant. However, the differences in xylem hydraulic traits and leaf gas exchange of different shrub species with different ages under varied soil water content are still unclear.

Methods The 10-year-old and 30-year-old Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana in the sand-binding area were employed to explore the differences and relationships between their hydraulic traits and photosynthetic traits during the dry and rainy season.

Important findings The results showed that the shrub age has no significant effect on xylem hydraulic conductivity, degree of natural embolism, leaf water potential and relative water content of C. korshinskii and C. liouana, while soil water content significantly effects on these functional traits. Both shrub age and soil water content have significant effects on leaf photosynthesis of two shrub species, but the effect of shrub age on them is little significant during the rainy season. In addition, there was a significant positive linear relationship between soil water content with leaf water content and xylem-stem specific hydraulic conductivity. Xylem hydraulic conductivity also had a significant positive correlation with leaf water content and stomatal conductance, whereas net photosynthetic rate was also positive related to xylem hydraulic conductivity and leaf water content. Results indicated that soil water content directly affected leaf water status and the capacity of photosynthetic carbon assimilation by affecting xylem hydraulic conductivity and embolization degree. In conclusion, the change of soil water content significantly affected the xylem hydraulic conductivity and leaf photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity of C. caraganaand C. Liouana.

Key words: sand-binding shrub, xylem hydraulic conductivity, photosynthetic traits, water effect size, arid areas

张志山, 韩高玲, 霍建强, 黄日辉, 薛书文. 固沙灌木柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿木质部导水与叶片光合能力对土壤水分的响应. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(10): 1422-1431. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0317

ZHANG Zhi-Shan, HAN Gao-Ling, HUO Jian-Qiang, HUANG Ri-Hui, XUE Shu-Wen. Response of xylem hydraulic conductivity and leaf photosynthetic capacity of sand-binding shrubs Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana to soil water. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(10): 1422-1431. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0317

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0317

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I10/1422

图/表 7

表1 用于实验的柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿的基本情况(平均值±标准误)

Table 1 Basic information on Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana selected for the experiment (mean ± SE)

物种 Species	年龄 Ages (a)	编号 No.	株高 Height (m)	冠幅 Crown (m)	叶面积指数 Leaf area index
中间锦鸡儿 C. intermedia	10	Ci-10	1.356 ± 0.103^b	1.195 ± 0.055^ab	0.954 ± 0.153^a
中间锦鸡儿 C. intermedia	30	Ci-30	2.103 ± 0.214^a	1.893 ± 0.308^a	1.632 ± 0.257^a
柠条锦鸡儿 C. korshinskii	10	Ck-10	1.386 ± 0.091^b	1.020 ± 0.048^b	1.130 ± 0.127^a
柠条锦鸡儿 C. korshinskii	30	Ck-30	1.656 ± 0.046^ab	1.792 ± 0.125^a	1.792 ± 0.342^a

图1 实验区降水量和样地土壤含水量。B和C中数值均为0-3 m土层平均加权后的平均值±标准误, 不同小写字母表示不同树龄和不同物种间差异显著(p < 0.05), 星号(*)为旱季和雨季间的显著差异(p < 0.05)。Ci-10、Ci-30、Ck-10、Ck-30同表1。

Fig. 1 Precipitation and soil water content in the sample plot. The values are all mean ± SE after the weighting average of the 0-3 m soil layer in B and C, different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different ages and different species (p < 0.05), and asterisks (*) indicates significant differences between dry and rainy seasons (p < 0.05). Ci-10, Ci-30, Ck-10, Ck-30 see Table 1.

图2 不同树龄柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿的木质部茎比导水率(A)和木质部导水率损失百分比(B) (平均值±标准误)。不同小写字母表示不同树龄和不同物种间显著差异(p < 0.05), 星号(*)为旱季和雨季间的显著差异(p < 0.05)。Ci-10、Ci-30、Ck-10、Ck-30同表1。

Fig. 2 Xylem stem specific hydraulic conductivity (A) and the percent loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity (B) of Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana at different ages (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different ages and different species (p < 0.05), and asterisks (*) indicates significant differences between dry and rainy seasons (p < 0.05). Ci-10, Ci-30, Ck-10, Ck-30 see Table 1.

图3 不同树龄柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿的叶片相对含水量(A)、叶片凌晨和午间水势(B、C)及水势差(D) (平均值±标准误)。不同小写字母表示不同树龄和不同物种间显著差异(p < 0.05), 星号(*)为旱季和雨季间的显著差异(p < 0.05)。Ci-10、Ci-30、Ck-10、Ck-30同表1。

Fig. 3 Relative water content (A), water potential at predawn and midday (B, C) and the difference of water potential (D) in leaves of Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana at different ages (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different ages and different species (p < 0.05), and asterisks (*) indicates significant differences between dry and rainy seasons (p < 0.05). Ci-10, Ci-30, Ck-10, Ck-30 see Table 1.

图4 不同树龄柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿的叶片气体交换参数(平均值±标准误)。不同小写字母表示不同树龄和不同物种间差异显著(p < 0.05), 星号(*)为旱季和雨季间的差异显著(p < 0.05)。Ci-10、Ci-30、Ck-10、Ck-30同表1。

Fig. 4 Leaf gas exchange parameters of Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana at different ages (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different ages and different species (p < 0.05), and asterisks (*) indicates significant differences between dry and rainy seasons (p < 0.05). Ci-10, Ci-30, Ck-10, Ck-30 see Table 1.

图5 不同树龄柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿功能性状的效应值(ln RR) (平均值±标准误)。效应值>0表明雨季的水分对功能性状的影响更大, 反之, 旱季的影响更大; 其中, 由于凌晨和午间水势(Ψpd和Ψmd)的值为负数, 因此以绝对值进行计算, 即Ψpd和Ψmd的效应值<0表示雨季对水势影响更大。星号(*)表示效应值显著不同于0。?Ψ, 日水势差(Ψpd - Ψmd); Ψpd, 凌晨水势; Ψmd, 午间水势; gs,气孔导度; Ks, 茎比导水率; Pn, 净光合速率; PLC, 导水率损失百分比; RWC, 相对含水量; Tr, 蒸腾速率; WUE, 水分利用效率。Ci-10、Ci-30、Ck-10、Ck-30同表1。

Fig. 5 Effect size (ln RR) of Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana at different ages (mean ± SE). Effect size greater than zero showed rainy season has a greater effect on functional traits, and smaller than zero showed the effect of dry senson is greater. Among them, since the values of the water potential at predawn and midday (Ψpd and Ψmd) are negative, the absolute value is used for calculation. So the effect size of Ψpd and Ψmd < 0 indicates that rainy season has a greater impact on the water potential. Asterisks (*) indicates that the effect size is significantly different from 0. ?Ψ, daily water potential difference (Ψpd - Ψmd); Ψpd, predawn water potential; Ψmd, midday water potential; gs, stomatal conductance; Ks, xylem specific hydraulic conductivity; Pn, net photosynthetic rate; PLC, the percent loss of hydraulic conductivity; RWC, relative water content; Tr, transpiration rate; WUE, water use efficiency. Ci-10, Ci-30, Ck-10, Ck-30 see Table 1.

图6 柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿不同功能性状间的相关性分析(A)和线性回归分析(B-E)。A中未连线的功能性状表示其间无显著相关关系; B-E中数值均为平均值±标准误而且显示了线性回归的决定系数(R2)和显著性水平(p), 灰色阴影代表90%的置信区间。?Ψ, 日水势差(Ψpd - Ψmd); Ψpd, 凌晨水势; Ψmd, 午间水势; gs, 气孔导度; Ks, 茎比导水率; Pn, 净光合速率; PLC, 导水率损失百分比; RWC, 相对含水量; SWC, 土壤含水量; Tr, 蒸腾速率; WUE, 水分利用效率。Ci-10、Ci-30、Ck-10、Ck-30同表1。

Fig. 6 Correlation analysis (A) and linear regression analysis (B-E) among different functional traits of Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana. The unconnected functional traits in A indicate that there is no significant correlation between them. The values are all mean ± SE, and the coefficients of determination (R2) and significance levels (p) of linear regression are shown in B-E. The shades of grey represent 90% confidence intervals. ?Ψ, daily water potential difference (Ψpd - Ψmd); Ψpd, predawn water potential; Ψmd, midday water potential; gs, stomatal conductance; Ks, xylem specific hydraulic conductivity; Pn, net photosynthetic rate; PLC, the percent loss of hydraulic conductivity; RWC, relative water content; SWC, soil water content; Tr, transpiration rate; WUE, water use efficiency. Ci-10, Ci-30, Ck-10, Ck-30 see Table 1.

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固沙灌木柠条锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿木质部导水与叶片光合能力对土壤水分的响应

Response of xylem hydraulic conductivity and leaf photosynthetic capacity of sand-binding shrubs Caragana korshinskii and C. liouana to soil water

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