不同天气类型下UV-B辐射对高山植物美丽风毛菊叶片PSII光化学效率的影响分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00741

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以中国科学院海北高寒草甸试验站地区的美丽风毛菊(Saussurea superba)为材料, 通过短期滤除自然光谱中紫外线B (UV-B)辐射成分的途径, 研究了UV-B辐射对叶片光系统II (PSII)光化学效率的影响。不同天气的归纳分析表明, 随可见光辐射的降低, 暗适应3 min的PSII最大光化学量子效率(F_(v)/F_(m))显著升高; 与此同时PSII实际光化学量子效率(Φ_PSII)和光化学猝灭系数(q_P)也显著升高, 非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)则显著降低。滤除UV-B辐射后, 3种典型天气类型下的F_(v)/F_(m)均略有升高趋势; 且Φ_PSII和q_P增加, 而NPQ略有降低趋势。量子效率的相对限制(L_(PFD))和PSII反应中心开放程度(q_L)的进一步分析表明, UV-B辐射能显著影响辅酶A还原状态, 对高山植物美丽风毛菊的光合机构具有负影响。综上可知, 自然光中的可见光辐射是影响PSII激发能捕获效率的重要因素, PSII反应中心的光化学效率和非光化学能量耗散主要受光和有效辐射的影响; 滤除UV-B成分能减缓PSII反应中心的光抑制程度。

关键词: 高山植物, 叶绿素荧光, PSII光化学效率, 青藏高原, UV-B辐射, 天气状况

Abstract:

Aims Strong solar UV-B radiation accompanied with strong solar visible radiation is a characteristic of the environment of China’s Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Previous study confirmed that current ambient UV-B intensity has a small negative influence on the physiological response of the photosynthetic apparatus of the alpine plant Saussurea superba. Our objectives were to further analysis the influence of ambient UV-B intensity on PSII photochemistry efficiency under different weather conditions.
Methods Short-term field experiments of UV-B were conducted during the luxuriant growing season in Kobresia humilis meadow in the Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station. We used the pulse-modulated in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence technique to obtain rapid information on the effects of UV-B intensities on photosynthetic performances in the native alpine plant S. superba. The maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (F_(v)/F_(m)) was measured after 3 minutes of dark radiation. The PSII photochemistry efficiency and non-photochemical quenching parameters were also measured. All chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were statistically analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software according to sunny, cloudy and shady weather states. Two-way ANOVA and least significant difference method (LSD) were used to compare differences among UV-B treatments and weather states.
Important findings There were significant increases of F_(v)/F_(m) in both ambient UV-B and low UV-B treatments when the weather changed from clear days to overcast days. Although there were no significant differences, F_(v)/F_(m) showed an increased trend in low UV-B when compared with ambient UV-B in all three weather states. This suggests that ambient UV-B intensity can delay the recovery of optimal photochemistry efficiency in S. superba. There were (a) increased tendency in actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (Φ_PSII) and photochemical quenching (q_P) and (b) small decreased tendency in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in low UV-B treatment in comparison with ambient UV-B; however, all those fluorescence parameters were significantly changed among the three weather states. The variation of these PSII photochemistry efficiency parameters demonstrated that natural UV-B component can limit the photosynthetic performance. Further analysis confirmed that significant difference (p < 0.05 on sunny days and p < 0.01 on shady days) existed in relative limitation of quantum efficiency (L_(PFD)) and fraction of opened PSII centers (q_L). Although its effects were not always significant when compared with the influence of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), UV-B radiation can influence primary quinine electron acceptor of PSII (Q_A) and there were negative effects on photosynthetic organization in S. superba.

Key words: alpine plant, chlorophyll fluorescence, PSII photochemical efficiency, Qinghai-Tibet plateau, UV-B radiation, weather state

师生波, 尚艳霞, 朱鹏锦, 杨莉, 张波. 不同天气类型下UV-B辐射对高山植物美丽风毛菊叶片PSII光化学效率的影响分析. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(7): 741-750. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00741

SHI Sheng-Bo, SHANG Yan-Xia, ZHU Peng-Jin, YANG Li, ZHANG Bo. Effects of solar UV-B radiation on the efficiency of PSII photochemistry in the alpine plant Saussurea superba under different weather conditions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(7): 741-750. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00741

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00741

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2011/V35/I7/741

图/表 5

图1 醋酸纤维素薄膜和Luminar薄膜对可见光和紫外光谱的透光性比较。

Fig. 1 Comparison of transmittance of ultraviolet and visible light radiation through cellulose diactate and Luminar film. CA, cellulose diactate film; Luminar, Mylar type film; CA-Luminar, difference of transmittance between CA and Luminar film.

图2 不同天气状况下短期滤除自然光谱中UV-B辐射处理时UV-B辐射强度和主要环境因子的变化。晴天、多云和阴天的测定时间分别为14:15、13:45和14:00, 测定日期为2009年7月23、24和26日; 晴天、多云和阴天各相应处理之间具极显著差异(p < 0.001), 图中未做标注。amb UV-B, 环境UV-B辐射; low UV-B, 滤除UV-B辐射。垂直条表示标准误差。***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 2 Changes of UV-B radiation intensities and main environmental factors during the treatment of short-term removing UV-B component from natural sunlight under different weather states. Data measured under sunny day were collected at 14:15 on July 23, 2009, cloudy day at 13:45 on July 24, 2009 and shady day at 14:00 on July 26, 2009, respectively. The extremely significant differences (p < 0.001) were exhibited among the results measured from sunny, cloudy, and shady day; and the significant mark did not shown in figures. amb UV-B, ambient UV-B radiation; low UV-B, decreased UV-B radiation; PAR, photosynthetically active radiation; RH, relative humidity of air; Tair, air temperature; UV-B, ultraviolet-B radiation. Vertical bar is SE. ***, p < 0.001.

图3 不同天气状况下短期滤除自然光谱中UV-B辐射成分对美丽风毛菊叶片PSII光化学效率的影响。各相应处理的不同天气间具极显著差异(p < 0.001), 图中未作标示。amb UV-B, 环境UV-B辐射; low UV-B, 滤除UV-B辐射。垂直条表示标准误差。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 3 Effects of short-term removal of UV-B component from natural sunlight on quantum efficiency of PSII photochemical in Saussurea superba under different weather states. There were extremely significant differences (p < 0.001) among different weather states and significant mark did not shown in figures. amb UV-B, ambient UV-B radiation; low UV-B, decreased UV-B radiation. F(v)/F(m), 3 min dark adapted maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry; ΦPSII, actual photochemical efficiency of PSII. Vertical bar is SE. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

图4 不同天气状况下短期滤除自然光谱中UV-B辐射成分对美丽风毛菊叶片光化学和非光化学猝灭的影响。各相应处理的不同天气间具极显著差异(p < 0.001), 图中未作标示。amb UV-B, 环境UV-B辐射; low UV-B, 滤除UV-B辐射。垂直条表示标准误差。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 4 Effects of short-term removal of UV-B component from natural sunlight on coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in Saussurea superba under different weather states. There were extremely significant differences (p < 0.001) among different weather states and significant mark did not shown in figures. amb UV-B, ambient UV-B radiation; low UV-B, decreased UV-B radiation. Vertical bar is SE. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

图5 不同天气状况下短期滤除自然光谱中UV-B辐射成分处理时叶片量子效率的相对限制和PSII反应中心的开放程度变化。各相应处理的不同天气间具极显著差异(p < 0.001), 图中未作标示。amb UV-B, 环境UV-B辐射; low UV-B, 滤除UV-B辐射。垂直条表示标准误差。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 5 Changes of relative limitation of quantum efficiency (L(PFD)) and fraction of opened PSII centers (qL) in Saussurea superba during treatment of short-terms removing UV-B radiation under different weather states. There were extremely significant differences (p < 0.001) among different weather states and significant mark did not shown in figures. amb UV-B, ambient UV-B radiation; low UV-B, decreased UV-B radiation.Vertical bar is SE. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

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