植物生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 81-87.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00081
收稿日期:
2011-08-21
接受日期:
2011-10-09
出版日期:
2012-08-21
发布日期:
2012-01-05
通讯作者:
胥晓
作者简介:
*(E-mail:xuxiao@cib.ac.cn)Received:
2011-08-21
Accepted:
2011-10-09
Online:
2012-08-21
Published:
2012-01-05
Contact:
XU Xiao
摘要:
为揭示青杨(Populus cathayana)雌雄幼苗对淹水胁迫的适应性, 在实验地内通过土培盆栽淹水方式从植株生理生态和生长发育方面探讨淹水胁迫对青杨扦插苗的影响。试验分为对照和淹水2个处理, 处理时间为40天。结果显示: (1)淹水胁迫导致青杨幼苗叶片中的丙二醛(MDA)含量和茎部淹水区的不定根数显著升高, 植株的净光合速率(Pn)、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、株高、基径、总叶面积、比叶面积(SLA)、根生物量、叶生物量、茎生物量、总生物量干重和根冠比(R/S)显著降低。(2)与雄株相比, 淹水胁迫显著增加了雌株幼苗的MDA含量, 降低了SOD活性、Pn、类胡萝卜素(Caro)含量、叶绿素a/b、SLA、根生物量和R/S, 并导致雄株在淹水胁迫下具有比雌株更高的气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、不定根数和株高。可见, 淹水胁迫对青杨雌雄幼苗的形态生长和生理过程均有严重的抑制作用, 但表现出显著的性别间差异。雄株可以通过维持更高的光合作用能力和增加不定根数量来维持植株的生长, 从而表现出比雌株更强的抗逆性。
杨鹏, 胥晓. 淹水胁迫对青杨雌雄幼苗生理特性和生长的影响. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(1): 81-87. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00081
YANG Peng, XU Xiao. Effects of waterlogging stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(1): 81-87. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00081
图1 淹水胁迫对青杨雌雄幼苗的丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响(平均值±标准误差)。S, 性别效应; T, 处理效应; S × T, 性别、处理交互效应。相同字母表示各处理间无显著差异(LSD法, p > 0.05)。
Fig. 1 Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and super-oxide dismutase (SOD) activity of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings affected by waterlogging stress (mean ± SE). S, sex effect; T, treat effect; S × T, sex and treat effect. Means with the same letter are not significant difference at the p > 0.05 level according to LSD test.
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 气孔导度 Stomatal conductance (mol·m-2·s-1) | 胞间CO2浓度 Intercellular CO2 concentration (μmol·mol-1) | 蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 瞬时水分利用效率 Instantaneous water use efficiency (μmol·mmol-1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 16.94 ± 0.20 a | 0.21 ± 0.01 a | 218.03 ± 8.67 b | 1.13 ± 0.09 b | 16.22 ± 1.15 b | ||||||
雄性 Male | 17.36 ± 0.35 a | 0.16 ± 0.01 b | 170.92 ± 7.65 c | 0.91 ± 0.02 c | 19.57 ± 0.54 a | |||||||
处理 Treatment | 雌性 Female | 9.06 ± 0.23 c | 0.07 ± 0.01 c | 155.46 ± 16.97 c | 0.51 ± 0.02 d | 18.55 ± 1.12 ab | ||||||
雄性 Male | 13.35 ± 0.30 b | 0.22 ± 0.02 a | 256.56 ± 4.93 a | 1.45 ± 0.11 a | 9.25 ± 0.43 c | |||||||
p>FS | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | 0.015* | <0.001*** | 0.005** | |||||||
p>FT | <0.001*** | 0.004** | 0.250 | 0.542 | 0.001*** | |||||||
p>FS×T | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001** | <0.001** |
表1 淹水胁迫对青杨雌雄幼苗气体交换特征的影响(平均值±标准误差)
Table 1 Gas exchange characteristics of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings affected by waterlogging stress (mean ± SE)
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate (μmol·m-2·s-1) | 气孔导度 Stomatal conductance (mol·m-2·s-1) | 胞间CO2浓度 Intercellular CO2 concentration (μmol·mol-1) | 蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate (mmol·m-2·s-1) | 瞬时水分利用效率 Instantaneous water use efficiency (μmol·mmol-1) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 16.94 ± 0.20 a | 0.21 ± 0.01 a | 218.03 ± 8.67 b | 1.13 ± 0.09 b | 16.22 ± 1.15 b | ||||||
雄性 Male | 17.36 ± 0.35 a | 0.16 ± 0.01 b | 170.92 ± 7.65 c | 0.91 ± 0.02 c | 19.57 ± 0.54 a | |||||||
处理 Treatment | 雌性 Female | 9.06 ± 0.23 c | 0.07 ± 0.01 c | 155.46 ± 16.97 c | 0.51 ± 0.02 d | 18.55 ± 1.12 ab | ||||||
雄性 Male | 13.35 ± 0.30 b | 0.22 ± 0.02 a | 256.56 ± 4.93 a | 1.45 ± 0.11 a | 9.25 ± 0.43 c | |||||||
p>FS | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | 0.015* | <0.001*** | 0.005** | |||||||
p>FT | <0.001*** | 0.004** | 0.250 | 0.542 | 0.001*** | |||||||
p>FS×T | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001** | <0.001** |
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·g-1FW) | 叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·g-1FW) | 总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll (mg·g-1FW) | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid (mg·g-1FW) | 叶绿素a/b Chlorophyll a/b |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 0.93 ± 0.02 b | 0.36 ± 0.01 b | 1.30 ± 0.02 b | 0.42 ± 0.01 ab | 2.58 ± 0.01 b |
雄性 Male | 1.10 ± 0.06 a | 0.41 ± 0.02 a | 1.51 ± 0.07 a | 0.46 ± 0.02 a | 2.69 ± 0.04 ab | |
处理 Treatment | 雌性 Female | 0.55 ± 0.01 d | 0.23 ± 0.01 d | 0.78 ± 0.02 d | 0.28 ± 0.01 c | 2.37 ± 0.03 c |
雄性 Male | 0.83 ± 0.03 c | 0.30 ± 0.01 c | 1.13 ± 0.04 c | 0.39 ± 0.01 b | 2.77 ± 0.06 a | |
p>FS | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | |
p>FT | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | 0.130 | |
p>FS×T | 0.125 | 0.389 | 0.162 | 0.023* | 0.002** |
表2 淹水胁迫对青杨雌雄幼苗叶片光合色素含量及叶绿素a/b值的影响(平均值±标准误差)
Table 2 Photosynthetic pigments content and chlorophyll a/b ratio of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings affected by waterlogging stress (mean ± SE)
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·g-1FW) | 叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·g-1FW) | 总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll (mg·g-1FW) | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid (mg·g-1FW) | 叶绿素a/b Chlorophyll a/b |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 0.93 ± 0.02 b | 0.36 ± 0.01 b | 1.30 ± 0.02 b | 0.42 ± 0.01 ab | 2.58 ± 0.01 b |
雄性 Male | 1.10 ± 0.06 a | 0.41 ± 0.02 a | 1.51 ± 0.07 a | 0.46 ± 0.02 a | 2.69 ± 0.04 ab | |
处理 Treatment | 雌性 Female | 0.55 ± 0.01 d | 0.23 ± 0.01 d | 0.78 ± 0.02 d | 0.28 ± 0.01 c | 2.37 ± 0.03 c |
雄性 Male | 0.83 ± 0.03 c | 0.30 ± 0.01 c | 1.13 ± 0.04 c | 0.39 ± 0.01 b | 2.77 ± 0.06 a | |
p>FS | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | |
p>FT | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | 0.130 | |
p>FS×T | 0.125 | 0.389 | 0.162 | 0.023* | 0.002** |
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 株高 Height (cm) | 基径 Basal diameter (cm) | 总叶面积 Total leaf area (cm2) | 比叶面积 Specific leaf area (cm2·g-1) | 不定根数目 Number of adventitious root |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 79.05 ± 2.71 b | 5.25 ± 0.14 ab | 792.46 ± 26.29 a | 129.15 ± 3.03 a | 0.00b |
雄性 Male | 107.4 ± 2.40 a | 5.57 ± 0.08 a | 735.64 ± 44.68 a | 114.30 ± 2.42 b | 0.00b | |
处理 Treatment | 雌性 Female | 58.61 ± 1.58 d | 4.95 ± 0.11 b | 452.90 ± 35.96 b | 92.76 ± 1.79 c | 1.00 ± 0.77 b |
雄性 Male | 67.50 ± 1.68 c | 5.16 ± 0.14 b | 375.81 ± 23.21 b | 89.94 ± 1.39 c | 8.20 ± 2.48 a | |
p>FS | 0.001** | 0.249 | 0.064 | 0.001** | 0.014* | |
| p>FT | <0.001*** | 0.032* | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | 0.003** |
p>FS×T | <0.001*** | 0.655 | 0.767 | 0.015* | 0.014** |
表3 淹水胁迫对青杨雌雄幼苗生长指标的影响(平均值±标准误差)
Table 3 Growth index of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings affected by waterlogging stress (mean ± SE)
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 株高 Height (cm) | 基径 Basal diameter (cm) | 总叶面积 Total leaf area (cm2) | 比叶面积 Specific leaf area (cm2·g-1) | 不定根数目 Number of adventitious root |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 79.05 ± 2.71 b | 5.25 ± 0.14 ab | 792.46 ± 26.29 a | 129.15 ± 3.03 a | 0.00b |
雄性 Male | 107.4 ± 2.40 a | 5.57 ± 0.08 a | 735.64 ± 44.68 a | 114.30 ± 2.42 b | 0.00b | |
处理 Treatment | 雌性 Female | 58.61 ± 1.58 d | 4.95 ± 0.11 b | 452.90 ± 35.96 b | 92.76 ± 1.79 c | 1.00 ± 0.77 b |
雄性 Male | 67.50 ± 1.68 c | 5.16 ± 0.14 b | 375.81 ± 23.21 b | 89.94 ± 1.39 c | 8.20 ± 2.48 a | |
p>FS | 0.001** | 0.249 | 0.064 | 0.001** | 0.014* | |
| p>FT | <0.001*** | 0.032* | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | 0.003** |
p>FS×T | <0.001*** | 0.655 | 0.767 | 0.015* | 0.014** |
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 叶生物量 Leaf biomass (g) | 茎生物量 Stem biomass (g) | 根生物量 Root biomass (g) | 总生物量 Total biomass (g) | 根冠比 Root/shoot ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 6.14 ± 0.22 a | 4.46 ± 0.21 b | 3.46 ± 0.12 a | 14.07 ± 0.48 a | 0.33 ± 0.01 a |
雄性 Male | 6.46 ± 0.40 a | 6.27 ± 0.24 a | 2.82 ± 0.21 b | 15.55 ± 0.74 a | 0.22 ± 0.01 b | |
处理Treatment | 雌性 Female | 4.87 ± 0.33 b | 4.33 ± 0.18 b | 0.63 ± 0.06 c | 9.83 ± 0.48 b | 0.07 ± 0.01 c |
雄性 Male | 4.17 ± 0.21 b | 4.88 ± 0.23 b | 0.69 ± 0.10 c | 9.74 ± 0.44 b | 0.08 ± 0.01 c | |
p>FS | 0.535 | <0.001*** | 0.047* | 0.221 | 0.001** | |
| p>FT | <0.001*** | 0.003** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** |
p>FS×T | 0.112 | 0.011* | 0.019* | 0.171 | <0.001*** |
表4 淹水胁迫对青杨雌雄幼苗生物量干重和根冠比的影响(平均值±标准误差)
Table 4 Dry biomass and root/shoot ratio (R/S) of male and female Populus cathayana seedlings affected by waterlogging stress (mean ± SE)
组别 Group | 性别 Sex | 叶生物量 Leaf biomass (g) | 茎生物量 Stem biomass (g) | 根生物量 Root biomass (g) | 总生物量 Total biomass (g) | 根冠比 Root/shoot ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照 Control | 雌性 Female | 6.14 ± 0.22 a | 4.46 ± 0.21 b | 3.46 ± 0.12 a | 14.07 ± 0.48 a | 0.33 ± 0.01 a |
雄性 Male | 6.46 ± 0.40 a | 6.27 ± 0.24 a | 2.82 ± 0.21 b | 15.55 ± 0.74 a | 0.22 ± 0.01 b | |
处理Treatment | 雌性 Female | 4.87 ± 0.33 b | 4.33 ± 0.18 b | 0.63 ± 0.06 c | 9.83 ± 0.48 b | 0.07 ± 0.01 c |
雄性 Male | 4.17 ± 0.21 b | 4.88 ± 0.23 b | 0.69 ± 0.10 c | 9.74 ± 0.44 b | 0.08 ± 0.01 c | |
p>FS | 0.535 | <0.001*** | 0.047* | 0.221 | 0.001** | |
| p>FT | <0.001*** | 0.003** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** | <0.001*** |
p>FS×T | 0.112 | 0.011* | 0.019* | 0.171 | <0.001*** |
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