丛枝菌根真菌对不同性别组合模式下青杨雌雄植株根系生长的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0261

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对雌雄异株植物根系生长, 尤其是对邻近生长的不同雌雄个体的影响还鲜有研究。该研究以泥土:河沙:蛭石体积比为1:1:1的混合物为培养基质, 分别在雄-雄、雌-雌和雄-雌3种组合栽培模式下对青杨(Populus cathayana)雌雄幼苗进行接种和不接种摩西球囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae)处理, 通过比较接种AMF与否雌雄植株根系在侵染率、生物量、形态、碳、氮含量等方面的差异来分析AMF对青杨雌雄幼苗根系生长发育的影响。结果发现: 与对照组相比, 接种AMF对3种栽培模式下青杨雌雄植株的侵染率、根干质量、根系形态(除分枝强度、比表面积)和碳、氮含量影响显著。此外, 不同性别组合模式对青杨雌雄植株的根干质量、根系形态和碳、氮含量影响显著。接种AMF后, 与雌-雌合栽模式下的雌株相比, 雄-雌合栽模式下雌株的根干质量、氮含量都有不同程度的提高, 根系形态发生改变; 而与雄-雄合栽模式下的雄株相比, 雄-雌合栽模式下雄株的相应指标出现降低或轻微增加。该研究表明AMF对不同性别组合模式下青杨植株根系生长具有显著促进作用, 尤其是雄-雌合栽模式下AMF接种最有利于雌株根系的生长发育。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 青杨, 雌雄异株, 栽培模式, 根系生长

Abstract:

Aims Accumulating evidence suggests that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote the growth of plant roots. However, the effects of AMF on the root growth of dioecious plants, particularly those grown under different sexual combination patterns, remain largely unknown, this study therefore aimed at improving our understanding of the roles of AMF in these systems.
Methods In the present study, homogenized soil (river sand:surface soil:vermiculite = 1:1:1, volume ratio) was used as growth substrate. The Populus cathayana saplings uninoculated and inoculated with AMF under three sex combination patterns (male vs. male, MM; female vs. female, FF; male vs. female, MF) were defined as control (CK) and AMF treatment group, respectively. Subsequently, we compared the differences in colonization rate, root dry mass, root morphology, carbon (C) content and nitrogen (N) content between CK and AMF treatments under different sexual combination patterns.
Important findings Our results indicated that colonization rate, root dry mass, root morphology (except root branching intensity, specific root surface area) and C, N content were remarkably altered upon inoculation with AMF in comparison to uninoculated controls. Furthermore, the sexual combination patterns were shown to significantly affect root dry mass, root morphology and C, N content of male and female P. cathayana. After inoculation with AMF, root dry mass, root morphology and N content of female individuals were increased whereas these parameters of males were decreased or slightly increased in inter-sexual groups compared with the respective intra-sexual groups. Collectively, our data demonstrate the growth-promoting effects of AMF on the roots of P. cathayana individuals grown under different sexual combination patterns, and such beneficial effects are most pronounced in females grown under inter-sexual combination patterns.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Populus cathayana, dioecious, cultivation pattern, root growth

高文童, 张春艳, 董廷发, 胥晓. 丛枝菌根真菌对不同性别组合模式下青杨雌雄植株根系生长的影响. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(1): 37-45. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0261

GAO Wen-Tong, ZHANG Chun-Yan, DONG Ting-Fa, XU Xiao. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the root growth of male and female Populus cathayana individuals grown under different sexual combination patterns. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(1): 37-45. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0261

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2019/V43/I1/37

图/表 5

图1 不同性别合栽模式示意图, 每盒含两株幼苗。

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of mixed-sexes plantation designs, each with two seedlings.

图2 接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对不同栽培模式下青杨雌雄植株菌根侵染率和根干质量的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 7)。柱形上方不同小写字母表示相应处理之间差异显著(采用Duncan’s多重比较, p < 0.05)。C, 组合效应; I, 接种效应; C × I, 组合与接种交互效应。ns, 没有显著差异; ***, p < 0.001。MM/M, 性别内组合下的雄株; FF/F, 性别内组合下的雌株; MF/M, 性别间组合下的雄株; MF/F, 性别间组合下的雌株。

Fig. 2 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the colonization rate and root dry mass of male and female Populus cathayana individuals grown under different sexual combination patterns (mean ± SE, n = 7). Different lowercase letters above the columns represent significant differences between corresponding treatments according to Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05). C, combination pattern effect; I, inoculation effect; C × I, combination pattern and inoculation interaction effect. ns, not significant; ***, p < 0.001. MM/M, males in the intra-sexual combination; FF/F, females in the intra-sexual combination; MF/M, males in the inter-sexual combination; MF/F, females in the inter-sexual combination.

表1 接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对不同栽培模式下青杨雌雄植株根系形态的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 7)

Table 1 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the root morphology of male and female Populus cathayana individuals grown under different sexual combination patterns (mean ± SE, n = 7)

组别 Group	组合 Combination pattern	分枝强度 Root branching intensity (× 10²)	比表面积 Specific root surface area (× 10²)	比根长 Specific root length (× 10³)	总根长 Total root length (cm × 10³)	根尖数 Root tips number (× 10³)
对照 Control	雄雄/雄 MM/M	5.01 ± 0.34^b	3.49 ± 0.49^ab	5.97 ± 0.49^b	25.58 ± 2.23^ef	20.97 ± 1.69^cd
	雌雌/雌 FF/F	4.26 ± 0.37^b	2.99 ± 0.24^bc	4.58 ± 0.34^cd	33.08 ± 2.39^de	19.09 ± 1.84^d
	雄雌/雄 MF/M	7.81 ± 0.52^a	1.75 ± 0.27^d	3.80 ± 0.28^d	14.81 ± 1.25^f	17.71 ± 1.37^d
	雄雌/雌 MF/F	7.83 ± 0.29^a	2.70 ± 0.44^c	5.04 ± 0.54^bcd	42.46 ± 4.38^cd	18.33 ± 1.50^d
AMF	雄雄/雄 MM/M	4.46 ± 0.30^b	2.14 ± 0.20^cd	4.09 ± 0.18^d	58.47 ± 4.25^c	25.66 ± 1.27^c
	雌雌/雌 FF/F	4.83 ± 0.34^b	3.28 ± 0.16^ab	5.67 ± 0.48^bc	105.30 ± 9.82^b	38.47 ± 1.75^b
	雄雌/雄 MF/M	6.70 ± 0.53^a	2.89 ± 0.20^bc	4.99 ± 0.43^bcd	55.88 ± 5.66^c	25.95 ± 1.51^c
	雄雌/雌 MF/F	6.88 ± 0.31^a	3.99 ± 0.31^a	7.29 ± 0.52^a	137.96 ± 8.17^a	51.88 ± 3.42^a
p > F_I		0.069^ns	0.126^ns	0.033^*	<0.001^***	<0.001^***
p > F_C		<0.001^***	0.011^*	0.002^**	<0.001^***	<0.001^***
p > F_C×I		0.142^ns	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***	<0.001^***

图3 接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对不同栽培模式下青杨雌雄植株根系构型的影响。MM/M, 性别内组合下的雄株; FF/F, 性别内组合下的雌株; MF/M, 性别间组合下的雄株; MF/F, 性别间组合下的雌株。

Fig. 3 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the root system architecture of male and female Populus cathayana individuals grown under different sexual combination patterns. MM/M, males in the intra-sexual combination; FF/F, females in the intra-sexual combination; MF/M, males in the inter-sexual combination; MF/F, females in the inter-sexual combination.

图4 接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对不同栽培模式下青杨雌雄植株根系碳和氮的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 7)。柱形上方不同小写字母表示相应处理之间差异显著(采用Duncan’s多重比较, p < 0.05)。C, 组合效应; I, 接种效应; C × I, 组合与接种交互效应。ns, 没有显著差异; ***, p < 0.001。MM/M, 性别内组合下的雄株; FF/F, 性别内组合下的雌株; MF/M, 性别间组合下的雄株; MF/F, 性别间组合下的雌株。

Fig. 4 Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the C content and N content in roots of male and female Populus cathayana individuals grown under different sexual combination patterns (mean ± SE, n = 7). Different lowercase letters above the columns represent significant differences between corresponding treatments according to Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05). C, combination pattern effect; I, inoculation effect; C × I, combination pattern and inoculation interaction effect. ns, not significant; ***, p < 0.001. MM/M, males in the intra-sexual combination; FF/F, females in the intra-sexual combination; MF/M, males in the inter-sexual combination; MF/F, females in the inter-sexual combination.

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