植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 159-166.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00014
所属专题: 青藏高原植物生态学:群落生态学
杨晓霞1,2, 任飞1,2, 周华坤1, 贺金生1,3,*()
收稿日期:
2013-07-01
接受日期:
2013-09-22
出版日期:
2014-07-01
发布日期:
2014-02-12
通讯作者:
贺金生
作者简介:
* (E-mail: jshe@pku.edu.cn)基金资助:
YANG Xiao-Xia1,2, REN Fei1,2, ZHOU Hua-Kun1, HE Jin-Sheng1,3,*()
Received:
2013-07-01
Accepted:
2013-09-22
Online:
2014-07-01
Published:
2014-02-12
Contact:
HE Jin-Sheng
摘要:
青藏高原正经历着明显的温暖化过程, 由此引起的土壤温度的升高促进了土壤中微生物的活性, 同时青藏高原东缘地区大气氮沉降十分明显, 并呈逐年增加的趋势, 这些环境变化均促使土壤中可利用营养元素增加, 因此深入了解青藏高原高寒草甸植物生物量对可利用营养元素增加的响应, 是准确预测未来全球变化背景下青藏高原高寒草甸碳循环过程的重要基础。该研究基于在青藏高原高寒草甸连续4年(2009-2012年)氮、磷添加后对不同功能群植物地上生物量、群落地上和地下生物量的测定, 探讨高寒草甸生态系统碳输入对氮、磷添加的响应。结果表明: (1)氮、磷添加均极显著增加了禾草的地上绝对生物量及其在群落总生物量中所占的比例, 同时均显著降低了杂类草在群落总生物量中的比例, 此外磷添加极显著降低了莎草地上绝对生物量及其在群落总生物量中所占的比例。(2)氮、磷添加均显著促进了青藏高原高寒草甸的地上生物量增加, 分别增加了24%和52%。(3)氮添加对高寒草甸地下生物量无显著影响, 而磷添加后地下生物量有增加的趋势。(4)氮添加对高寒草甸植物总生物量无显著影响, 而磷添加后植物总生物量显著增加。研究表明, 氮、磷添加可缓解青藏高原高寒草甸植物生长的营养限制, 促进植物地上部分的生长, 然而高寒草甸植物的生长极有可能更受土壤中可利用磷含量的限制。
杨晓霞, 任飞, 周华坤, 贺金生. 青藏高原高寒草甸植物群落生物量对氮、磷添加的响应. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(2): 159-166. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00014
YANG Xiao-Xia, REN Fei, ZHOU Hua-Kun, HE Jin-Sheng. Responses of plant community biomass to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(2): 159-166. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00014
图1 氮(A)、磷(B)添加对3种不同功能群地上生物量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。
Fig. 1 Effects of nitrogen addition (A) and phosphorus addition (B) on aboveground biomass of three different functional groups (mean ± SE). **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.
图2 氮(A)、磷(B)添加对3种不同功能群的地上生物量在群落总生物量中所占比例的影响(平均值±标准误差)。
Fig. 2 Effects of nitrogen addition (A) and phosphorus addition (B) on the proportions of the three different functional groups aboveground biomass of the community biomass (mean ± SE). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.
氮添加 N addition | 磷添加 P addition | 氮磷交互作用 N × P interaction | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | p | F | p | F | p | |||
莎草生物量 Sedge biomass | 0.28 | 0.611 | 15.60 | 0.006 | 2.75 | 0.141 | ||
莎草生物量 Sedge biomass (%) | 0.01 | 0.910 | 17.53 | 0.004 | 0.79 | 0.403 | ||
禾本生物量 Grass biomass | 15.24 | 0.006 | 39.95 | <0.001 | 0.80 | 0.400 | ||
禾本生物量 Grass biomass (%) | 12.78 | 0.009 | 19.64 | 0.003 | 0.19 | 0.676 | ||
杂类草生物量 Forb biomass | 1.91 | 0.210 | 0.13 | 0.730 | 0.97 | 0.358 | ||
杂类草生物量 Forb biomass (%) | 9.91 | 0.016 | 9.34 | 0.018 | 0.04 | 0.844 |
表1 氮、磷添加对不同功能群的地上生物量(g·m-2·a-1)和其在群落总生物量中所占比例(%)的影响的双因素方差分析表
Table 1 Two way ANOVA of the effects of nitrogen and phosphorous additions on aboveground biomass of different functional groups and their proportions of the community biomass
氮添加 N addition | 磷添加 P addition | 氮磷交互作用 N × P interaction | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | p | F | p | F | p | |||
莎草生物量 Sedge biomass | 0.28 | 0.611 | 15.60 | 0.006 | 2.75 | 0.141 | ||
莎草生物量 Sedge biomass (%) | 0.01 | 0.910 | 17.53 | 0.004 | 0.79 | 0.403 | ||
禾本生物量 Grass biomass | 15.24 | 0.006 | 39.95 | <0.001 | 0.80 | 0.400 | ||
禾本生物量 Grass biomass (%) | 12.78 | 0.009 | 19.64 | 0.003 | 0.19 | 0.676 | ||
杂类草生物量 Forb biomass | 1.91 | 0.210 | 0.13 | 0.730 | 0.97 | 0.358 | ||
杂类草生物量 Forb biomass (%) | 9.91 | 0.016 | 9.34 | 0.018 | 0.04 | 0.844 |
氮添加 N addition | 磷添加 P addition | 氮磷交互作用 N × P interaction | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | p | F | p | F | p | |||
AGB (g·m-2·a-1) | 13.61 | 0.008 | 66.38 | < 0.001 | 0.95 | 0.363 | ||
BGB (g·m-2·a-1) | 1.80 | 0.216 | 4.82 | 0.060 | 0.02 | 0.880 | ||
TB (g·m-2·a-1) | 0.002 | 0.969 | 15.22 | 0.008 | 1.54 | 0.260 | ||
R/S | 3.50 | 0.086 | 1.24 | 0.309 | 0.07 | 0.806 |
表2 氮、磷添加对地上生物量(AGB)、地下生物量(BGB)、总生物量(TB)和地下地上生物量比(R/S)影响的双因素方差分析表
Table 2 Two-way ANOVA of the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass (BGB), total biomass (TB) and the ratio of belowground biomass to aboveground biomass (R/S)
氮添加 N addition | 磷添加 P addition | 氮磷交互作用 N × P interaction | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | p | F | p | F | p | |||
AGB (g·m-2·a-1) | 13.61 | 0.008 | 66.38 | < 0.001 | 0.95 | 0.363 | ||
BGB (g·m-2·a-1) | 1.80 | 0.216 | 4.82 | 0.060 | 0.02 | 0.880 | ||
TB (g·m-2·a-1) | 0.002 | 0.969 | 15.22 | 0.008 | 1.54 | 0.260 | ||
R/S | 3.50 | 0.086 | 1.24 | 0.309 | 0.07 | 0.806 |
图3 氮、磷添加对地上生物量(A)、地下生物量(B)和总生物量(C)的影响(平均值±标准误差)。
Fig. 3 Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on aboveground biomass (A), belowground biomass (B) and total biomass (C) (mean ± SE). **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.
对照 CK | 氮添加 N addition | 磷添加 P addition | 氮磷添加 N, P addition | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AGB (g C·m-2) | 146.5 ± 14.0a | 204.8 ± 7.8b | 250.9 ± 12.7c | 281.5 ± 7.9d |
BGB (g C·m-2) | 558.0 ± 68.4a | 510.5 ± 36.8a | 709.1 ± 49.5b | 598.8 ± 101.3a |
TB (g C·m-2) | 704.6 ± 64.3a | 715.3 ± 40.9a | 960.0 ± 41.8b | 880.3 ± 95.8ab |
表3 不同处理下的地上(AGB)、地下(BGB)和总生物量(TB)碳库(平均值±标准误差)
Table 3 Aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass (BGB) and total biomass (TB) carbon stock under different treatments (mean ± SE)
对照 CK | 氮添加 N addition | 磷添加 P addition | 氮磷添加 N, P addition | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AGB (g C·m-2) | 146.5 ± 14.0a | 204.8 ± 7.8b | 250.9 ± 12.7c | 281.5 ± 7.9d |
BGB (g C·m-2) | 558.0 ± 68.4a | 510.5 ± 36.8a | 709.1 ± 49.5b | 598.8 ± 101.3a |
TB (g C·m-2) | 704.6 ± 64.3a | 715.3 ± 40.9a | 960.0 ± 41.8b | 880.3 ± 95.8ab |
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