松嫩平原西部草甸草原5种典型植物群落土壤呼吸的时空动态

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00036

植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 396-404.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00036

所属专题：土壤呼吸

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

松嫩平原西部草甸草原5种典型植物群落土壤呼吸的时空动态

王铭¹^,²(), 刘兴土¹, 张继涛¹, 李秀军¹^,^**(), 王国栋¹^,², 鲁新蕊¹, 李晓宇¹

¹中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长春 130102
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2013-10-28 接受日期:2013-12-02 出版日期:2014-10-28 发布日期:2014-04-08
通讯作者: 李秀军
作者简介:**(E-mail:lixiujun@neigae.ac.cn)
* E-mail:wangming@neigae.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012-CB956103);公益性行业农业科研专项(201303-095-8);国家自然科学青年基金(31100403);国家自然科学青年基金(4110- 1207)

Spatio-temporal variations of soil respiration in five typical plant communities in the meadow steppe of the western Songnen Plain, China

WANG Ming¹^,²(), LIU Xing-Tu¹, ZHANG Ji-Tao¹, LI Xiu-Jun¹^,^**(), WANG Guo-Dong¹^,², LU Xin-Rui¹, LI Xiao-Yu¹

¹Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2013-10-28 Accepted:2013-12-02 Online:2014-10-28 Published:2014-04-08
Contact: LI Xiu-Jun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤呼吸是陆地生态系统碳循环的重要组分, 由于受到生物因子与非生物因子的共同作用, 土壤碳排放量在时间和空间尺度上都具有一定的变异性。为弄清松嫩平原西部草甸草原植物群落土壤呼吸作用的时空动态变化及其影响因子, 以典型植被碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)、虎尾草(Chloris virgata)、碱茅(Puccinellia distans)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、羊草(Leymus chinensis)群落为研究对象, 采用LI-6400土壤呼吸测定系统对该生态系统2011-2012年植物生长季内土壤呼吸作用进行了监测。结果表明: 土壤温度可以解释土壤呼吸作用变异的53%-82%, 是影响该生态系统土壤碳排放时间变异的主要因素。土壤水分并未对土壤呼吸作用时间变异产生明显的影响。不同植物群落的土壤呼吸的温度敏感性(Q₁₀)有所差异, Q₁₀为2.0-6.7。生长季内, 5种植物群落的土壤累积碳排放量的平均值为316.6 g C·m^-2。生长季内土壤碳累积排放量与植被地上生物量、土壤有机碳含量、平均土壤温度显著正相关, 与平均土壤含水量、pH值、土壤电导率及交换性钠百分比呈负相关关系。土壤的微气候、植被的地上生物量及土壤性质的差异是土壤碳排放空间变异的主要影响因素。

关键词: 草甸草原, 土壤呼吸, 土壤温度, 土壤含水量, 时空格局

Abstract:

Aims Soil respiration plays a critical role in the process of carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, and it often shows spatio-temporal variations in response to diverse abiotic and biotic factors. Our objective was to examine the seasonal and spatial variations of soil respiration under five typical plant communities in the meadow steppe of western Songnen Plain.
Methods Using a LI-6400 soil CO₂ flux system, we investigated soil respiration and environmental factors under five vegetation types (Suaeda glauca, Chloris virgata, Puccinellia distans, Phragmites australis and Leymus chinensis) in the meadow steppe of Songnen Plain during the growing seasons of 2011 and 2012.
Important findings Soil temperature was the dominant controlling factor of soil respiration, which explained approximately 64% of the changes in soil CO₂ effluxes. Soil water content was not the limiting factor of the seasonal variations in soil respiration. The sensitivities of soil respiration to temperature (Q₁₀) ranged from 2.0 to 6.7, showing significant differences among vegetation types. The cumulative CO₂ emission averaged 316.6 g C·m^-2 during the growing season. The magnitude of soil CO₂ emission during the growing season was positively correlated with aboveground plant biomass, soil organic carbon content, and mean soil water content, and negatively linked to mean soil temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, and percentage of exchangeable sodium. The spatial variations of soil CO₂ emission were mainly caused by changes in soil microclimate, plant biomass, and soil properties.

Key words: meadow steppe, soil respiration, soil temperature, soil water content, spatial and temporal pattern

王铭, 刘兴土, 张继涛, 李秀军, 王国栋, 鲁新蕊, 李晓宇. 松嫩平原西部草甸草原5种典型植物群落土壤呼吸的时空动态. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(4): 396-404. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00036

WANG Ming, LIU Xing-Tu, ZHANG Ji-Tao, LI Xiu-Jun, WANG Guo-Dong, LU Xin-Rui, LI Xiao-Yu. Spatio-temporal variations of soil respiration in five typical plant communities in the meadow steppe of the western Songnen Plain, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(4): 396-404. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00036

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参考文献 41

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样地编号 Plot code	植物群落 Plant community	土壤温度 Soil temperature (oC)	土壤含水量 Soil water content (%, v/v)	土壤容重 Soil bulk density (g·m^-3)	pH	电导率 Electrical conductivity (mS·cm^-1)	土壤交换性钠百分比 Percentage of soil exchangeable sodium (%)	生物量 Biomass (g·m^-2)	土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content (g·kg^-1)	总氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)
SG	碱蓬 Suaeda glauca	18.7 ± 0.6	19.7 ± 1.8	1.4 ± 0.005	10.2 ± 0.11	1.92 ± 0.09	85.0 ± 9.0	75.5 ± 5.5	8.7 ± 1.6	0.70 ± 0.03
CV	虎尾草 Chloris virgata	17.9 ± 0.5	22.4 ± 3.2	1.4 ± 0.010	9.7 ± 0.32	0.60 ± 0.07	74.1 ± 10.2	306.8 ± 17.3	11.9 ± 0.5	0.70 ± 0.04
PD	碱茅 Puccinellia distans	18.3 ± 0.7	23.9 ± 4.1	1.4 ± 0.007	9.9 ± 0.02	0.70 ± 0.03	71.3 ± 10.1	190.9 ± 16.7	10.2 ± 2.1	0.62 ± 0.05
LC	羊草 Leymus chinensis	17.8 ± 0.5	22.4 ± 3.2	1.4 ± 0.005	9.4 ± 0.31	0.53 ± 0.03	52.8 ± 9.9	419.3 ± 17.5	15.2 ± 0.1	0.69 ± 0.03
PA	芦苇 Phragmites australis	16.5 ± 0.4	27.7 ± 3.3	1.3 ± 0.195	8.4 ± 0.18	0.27 ± 0.03	24.8 ± 10.2	548.8 ± 48.8	18.9 ± 1.4	1.01 ± 0.08

样地编号 Plot code	植物群落 Plant community	土壤温度 Soil temperature (oC)	土壤含水量 Soil water content (%, v/v)	土壤容重 Soil bulk density (g·m^-3)	pH	电导率 Electrical conductivity (mS·cm^-1)	土壤交换性钠百分比 Percentage of soil exchangeable sodium (%)	生物量 Biomass (g·m^-2)	土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content (g·kg^-1)	总氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)
SG	碱蓬 Suaeda glauca	18.7 ± 0.6	19.7 ± 1.8	1.4 ± 0.005	10.2 ± 0.11	1.92 ± 0.09	85.0 ± 9.0	75.5 ± 5.5	8.7 ± 1.6	0.70 ± 0.03
CV	虎尾草 Chloris virgata	17.9 ± 0.5	22.4 ± 3.2	1.4 ± 0.010	9.7 ± 0.32	0.60 ± 0.07	74.1 ± 10.2	306.8 ± 17.3	11.9 ± 0.5	0.70 ± 0.04
PD	碱茅 Puccinellia distans	18.3 ± 0.7	23.9 ± 4.1	1.4 ± 0.007	9.9 ± 0.02	0.70 ± 0.03	71.3 ± 10.1	190.9 ± 16.7	10.2 ± 2.1	0.62 ± 0.05
LC	羊草 Leymus chinensis	17.8 ± 0.5	22.4 ± 3.2	1.4 ± 0.005	9.4 ± 0.31	0.53 ± 0.03	52.8 ± 9.9	419.3 ± 17.5	15.2 ± 0.1	0.69 ± 0.03
PA	芦苇 Phragmites australis	16.5 ± 0.4	27.7 ± 3.3	1.3 ± 0.195	8.4 ± 0.18	0.27 ± 0.03	24.8 ± 10.2	548.8 ± 48.8	18.9 ± 1.4	1.01 ± 0.08

样地编号 Plot code	R_s = a + bW_s + cW_s²					R_s = a + bT_s+ cW_s+ dT_s²+ eW_s²
样地编号 Plot code	a	b	c	R²	p	a	b	c	d	e	R²	p
SG	0.04	0.05	-0.001	0.14	< 0.05	0.72	-0.07	0.003	0.003	-0.000 7	0.72	< 0.01
CV	-1.06	0.26	-0.005	0.21	< 0.01	1.62	-0.36	0.070	0.015	-0.001 0	0.81	< 0.01
PD	-0.03	0.13	-0.002	0.15	< 0.05	-0.13	0.01	-0.004	0.003	0.000 5	0.66	< 0.01
LC	0.35	0.19	-0.004	0.09	> 0.05	-1.37	0.10	0.075	0.002	-0.001 0	0.67	< 0.01
PA	0.39	0.18	-0.003	0.07	> 0.05	-0.76	0.09	0.055	0.004	0.000 7	0.54	< 0.01

样地编号 Plot code	R_s = a + bW_s + cW_s²					R_s = a + bT_s+ cW_s+ dT_s²+ eW_s²
样地编号 Plot code	a	b	c	R²	p	a	b	c	d	e	R²	p
SG	0.04	0.05	-0.001	0.14	< 0.05	0.72	-0.07	0.003	0.003	-0.000 7	0.72	< 0.01
CV	-1.06	0.26	-0.005	0.21	< 0.01	1.62	-0.36	0.070	0.015	-0.001 0	0.81	< 0.01
PD	-0.03	0.13	-0.002	0.15	< 0.05	-0.13	0.01	-0.004	0.003	0.000 5	0.66	< 0.01
LC	0.35	0.19	-0.004	0.09	> 0.05	-1.37	0.10	0.075	0.002	-0.001 0	0.67	< 0.01
PA	0.39	0.18	-0.003	0.07	> 0.05	-0.76	0.09	0.055	0.004	0.000 7	0.54	< 0.01

土壤因子 Soil factor	方程 Equation y = ax + b
土壤因子 Soil factor	a	b	R²	p
10 cm深处土壤温度 Soil temperature at 10 cm depth	-187	3 630	0.81	p < 0.05
0-10 cm深处土壤含水量 Soil water content at 0-10 cm depth	5 351	-937	0.80	p < 0.05
pH	-226	2 473	0.80	p < 0.05
电导率 Electric conductivity	-0.003	1.9	0.81	p < 0.05
土壤交换性钠百分比 Percentage of soil exchangeable sodium	-7	732	0.87	p < 0.05
地上生物量 Aboveground biomass	0.9	42	0.93	p < 0.01
土壤有机碳 Soil organic carbon	39	-195	0.89	p < 0.01
土壤总氮 Soil total N	627	-153	0.37	p > 0.05
土壤容重 Soil bulk density	-3 641	5 371	0.48	p > 0.05

松嫩平原西部草甸草原5种典型植物群落土壤呼吸的时空动态

Spatio-temporal variations of soil respiration in five typical plant communities in the meadow steppe of the western Songnen Plain, China

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