陕西子午岭北桑寄生的种群生命表与生存分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00064

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

陕西旬邑县子午岭的北桑寄生(Loranthus tanakae)寄生于子午岭优势种和建群种辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)上。该文通过调查子午岭北桑寄生的年龄结构, 编制了北桑寄生的静态生命表, 绘制了存活曲线、死亡率曲线、消失率曲线和生存函数曲线, 分析了种群的动态变化。结果表明: 子午岭北桑寄生种群存活曲线属于Deevey II型, 有较为稳定的死亡率, 消失率曲线和死亡率曲线变化趋势基本一致, 均有两个高峰, 一个出现在5龄, 另一个出现在10龄, 危险率曲线在6龄出现一个波动, 生存率曲线和累计死亡率曲线分别呈下降趋势和上升趋势, 均表现为前期高于后期, 北桑寄生在8龄后进入衰老期。由生存函数曲线年龄阶段看出, 子午岭北桑寄生种群具有前期、中期稳定, 后期衰退的特点。

关键词: 生命表, 北桑寄生, 种群数量, 生存分析, 存活曲线

Abstract:

Aims Loranthus tanakae is a parasitic plant found on Quercus liaotungensis, which is a dominant and constructive tree species in forests of Mount Ziwuling. Our objective was to determine the ecological characteristics of L. tanakae in this region.
Methods In the paper, based on investigations on the age structure of a L. tanakae population, a static life table was constructed, curves of survival, mortality, disappearance rate, and survival function were established, and the dynamics of the L. tanakae population were analyzed.
Important findings The survival curve of the L. tanakae population studied is characterized as the type Deevey II, with relatively stable mortality. The pattern of the disappearance rate curve is similar to that of the morality curve; they both have two peaks: one occurring at the 5th age and the other at the 10th age. A fluctuation occurred in the risk rate curve at the 6th age. The survival curve showed a declining trend while the cumulative morality rate curve displayed an uptrend, and the L. tanakae reached the senescence after the 8th age. According to the age composition of the survival curve, the L. tanakae population studied remained stable in the early and middle stages, but declined in the late stage.

Key words: life table, Loranthus tanakae, population quantity, survival analysis, survival curve

张亮, 王孝安, 刘鹏, 王贤, 邓美皎, 朱云云. 陕西子午岭北桑寄生的种群生命表与生存分析. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(7): 687-693. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00064

ZHANG Liang, WANG Xiao-An, LIU Peng, WANG Xian, DENG Mei-Jiao, ZHU Yun-Yun. Life table and survival analysis of Loranthus tanakae population in Mount Ziwuling. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(7): 687-693. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00064

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00064

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I7/687

图/表 7

图1 子午岭北桑寄生种群年龄结构。

Fig. 1 Age structure of Loranthus tanakae population in Mount Ziwuling.

表1 子午岭北桑寄生种群静态生命表

Table 1 Static life table of Loranthus tanakae population in Mount Ziwuling

年龄 Age	A_x	a_x	l_x	lnl_x	d_x	q_x	L_x	T_x	e_x	K_x	S_x
1	58	58	1 000	6.908	155	0.155	922	3 862	3.862	0.169	0.845
2	44	49	845	6.739	155	0.184	767	2 940	3.480	0.203	0.816
3	44	40	690	6.536	138	0.200	621	2 172	3.150	0.223	0.800
4	32	32	552	6.313	138	0.250	483	1 552	2.813	0.288	0.750
5	21	24	414	6.025	103	0.250	362	1 069	2.583	0.288	0.750
6	13	18	310	5.738	69	0.222	276	707	2.278	0.251	0.778
7	17	14	241	5.486	69	0.286	207	431	1.786	0.336	0.714
8	3	10	172	5.150	69	0.400	138	224	1.300	0.511	0.600
9	3	6	103	4.639	69	0.667	69	86	0.833	1.099	0.333
10	2	2	34	3.540	34	1.000	17	17	0.500	3.540	0.000

图2 子午岭北桑寄生种群的存活曲线。lnlx同表1。

Fig. 2 Survival curve of Loranthus tanakae population in Mount Ziwuling. lnlx is the same as in Table 1.

图3 子午岭北桑寄生种群的死亡率(●)和消失率(■)曲线。

Fig. 3 Curves of mortality rate (●) and disappearance rate (■) of Loranthus tanakae population in Mount Ziwuling.

表2 北桑寄生的生存函数估算值

Table 2 Estimated values for survival functions of Loranthus tanakae

l_x	S₍_i₎	F₍_i₎	F₍_ti₎	λ₍_t₎
1 000	0.845	0.155	0.155	0.168
845	0.690	0.310	0.138	0.185
690	0.552	0.448	0.138	0.222
552	0.414	0.586	0.103	0.295
414	0.310	0.690	0.069	0.286
310	0.241	0.759	0.069	0.222
241	0.172	0.828	0.069	0.333
172	0.103	0.897	0.069	0.500
103	0.034	0.966	0.034	1.000
34	0.000	1.000	0.000	2.000

图4 子午岭北桑寄生种群生存率(●)和累计死亡率(■)函数值。

Fig. 4 Functional values of survival rate (●) and cumulative mortality rate (■) of Loranthus tanakae population in Mount Ziwuling.

图5 子午岭北桑寄生死亡密度(▲)和危险率(■)曲线。

Fig. 5 Mortality density (▲) and hazard rate (■) of Loranthus tanakae population in Mount Ziwuling.

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