哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤呼吸季节和昼夜变化特征及影响因子比较

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.004

植物生态学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 31-39.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.004

所属专题：生态系统碳水能量通量

哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤呼吸季节和昼夜变化特征及影响因子比较

冯文婷¹^,², 邹晓明¹^,^*(), 沙丽清¹, 陈建会¹, 冯志立¹, 李检舟¹

1 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园昆明分部,昆明 650223
2 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049

收稿日期:2006-11-27 接受日期:2007-06-18 出版日期:2008-11-27 发布日期:2008-01-30
通讯作者: 邹晓明
作者简介:* E-mail: xzou2000@yahoo.com
第一联系人：
本研究得到云南哀牢山国家自然保护区景东县保护局和中国科学院哀牢山森林生态系统定位站的大力支持,在此表示诚挚的感谢!对在实验过程给予无私帮助的中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园生物地球化学实验室付昀、中国科学院哀牢山森林生态系统定位站刘玉洪、杨国平、杨文争、李达文和罗承昌表示诚挚的谢意兴
基金资助:
云南省自然科学基金(2005C0056M)

COMPARISONS BETWEEN SEASONAL AND DIURNAL PATTERNS OF SOIL RESPIRATION IN A MONTANE EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FOREST OF AILAO MOUNTAINS, CHINA

FENG Wen-Ting¹^,², ZOU Xiao-Ming¹^,^*(), SHA Li-Qing¹, CHEN Jian-Hui¹, FENG Zhi-Li¹, LI Jian-Zhou¹

¹Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
²Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2006-11-27 Accepted:2007-06-18 Online:2008-11-27 Published:2008-01-30
Contact: ZOU Xiao-Ming

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于受到多种生物和非生物因素的影响,土壤呼吸在不同时间尺度上的动态变化可能不一致。对不同时间尺度的土壤呼吸动态变化的研究有助于深入了解土壤呼吸变化的机理,也有利于精确推算土壤碳的排放。采用红外CO₂分析法测定哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林季节间(2004年4月~2005年3月)和昼夜间 (2004年7、9和11月及2005年1、3和5月共6次)的土壤呼吸。哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林中土壤呼吸的季节变化显著,其中湿季(5~10月)的土壤呼吸高于干季(11月~翌年4月),全年土壤呼吸的平均值为0.442 g CO₂·m^-2·h^-1。6次测定的土壤呼吸日变化模式并不相同,7和9月、翌年1和3月夜间土壤呼吸大于昼间土壤呼吸,11月和翌年5月则相反;5、7和9月昼夜间的土壤呼吸最大值与最小值的差异比11月、翌年1和3月的测定结果大。季节间土壤呼吸与土壤温度(p=0.000)和土壤含水量(p=0.007)均有显著的指数相关,土壤温度可以解释土壤呼吸变化的56.1%,土壤含水量可以解释土壤呼吸变化的11.1%。不同季节测定的土壤呼吸日变化与土壤温度、气温和土壤含水量则没有显著的指数相关。由土壤呼吸与土壤温度拟合的指数方程计算Q₁₀值,在温度为 5.9~16.6 ℃内,全年土壤呼吸的Q₁₀值为4.53,在温度为5.9~11.0 ℃内,干季土壤呼吸的Q₁₀值为7.17,在温度为10.3~16.6 ℃内,湿季土壤呼吸的Q₁₀值为2.34。在不同时间尺度上,生物和非生物因素对哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林的土壤呼吸表现出不同的影响。土壤呼吸的季节变化主要受非生物因子温度和水分变化的调控,而土壤呼吸的昼夜变化则可能主要受植物的生理活动周期性等生物因素的影响。通过温度的指数函数关系,用土壤呼吸的瞬时值来推算土壤呼吸的日通量和年通量时,需要考虑温度和水分外的其它生物因子的影响。

关键词: 土壤呼吸日变化, Q₁₀值, 土壤温度, 土壤含水量, 土壤呼吸

Abstract:

Aims Soil respiration may have distinct dynamic patterns at different temporal scales since it is affected by diverse abiotic and biotic factors. Seasonal variation in soil respiration is largely controlled by abiotic factors such as temperature and soil moisture, whereas the regulation of diurnal variation is likely physiological rhythms of plants. Our objectives were to compare seasonal and diurnal patterns of soil respiration and to evaluate relationships between soil respiration and temperature at annual and diurnal scales.
Methods We examined seasonal variations of soil respiration using infrared gas analyzers at monthly or bimonthly intervals from April 2004 to March 2005, and diurnal variations in July, September and November 2004 as well as in January, March and May 2005 in a montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Ailao Mountains, China. Soil temperature, air temperature, soil water content and air humidity were measured at the same time. We evaluated Q₁₀ values of soil respiration and correlations between soil respiration and soil temperature.
Important findings Soil respiration fluctuated with distinct seasonal and diurnal patterns. Soil respiration was higher in the wet season (May through October) than in the dry season (November through April). Diurnal patterns of soil respiration varied among seasons. The mean rate of soil respiration was higher in nighttime than in daytime in July, September, January and March, but lower in November and May. On the whole-year basis, soil respiration correlated strongly with soil temperature and soil water content. However, on a diurnal scale, these regressions were not significant. Q₁₀ values were 4.48, 7.17 and 2.34 for the whole year, dry season and wet season, and their corresponding soil temperature ranges were 5.9-16.6, 5.9-11.0 and 10.3-16.6 ℃, respectively. Our results demonstrate that biotic and abiotic factors have distinct impacts on soil respiration at different temporal scales in the forest. Estimation on daily and annual carbon fluxes based on instantaneous measurements of soil respiration, rather than 24-hour measurements, may cause severe deviation from actual values because of the lack of diurnal correlation between soil respiration and temperature.

Key words: diurnal variation, Q₁₀ value, soil moisture, soil respiration, soil temperature

冯文婷, 邹晓明, 沙丽清, 陈建会, 冯志立, 李检舟. 哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤呼吸季节和昼夜变化特征及影响因子比较. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(1): 31-39. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.004

FENG Wen-Ting, ZOU Xiao-Ming, SHA Li-Qing, CHEN Jian-Hui, FENG Zhi-Li, LI Jian-Zhou. COMPARISONS BETWEEN SEASONAL AND DIURNAL PATTERNS OF SOIL RESPIRATION IN A MONTANE EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FOREST OF AILAO MOUNTAINS, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(1): 31-39. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.004

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.004

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2008/V32/I1/31

图/表 5

图1 土壤呼吸的季节变化图中数据为平均值±标准误

Fig.1 Seasonal variation of soil respiration Each datum represents Mean±SE

图2 土壤温度、空气温度和土壤含水量的季节变化图注同图1

Fig.2 Seasonal variation of soil temperature, air temperature and soil water content Note see Fig. 1

图3 土壤呼吸、土壤温度、空气温度的日变化 A、B、C、D、E、F分别是2004年7、9和11月,2005年1、3和5月的测定结果

Fig.3 Diurnal variation of soil respiration, soil temperature and air temperature A, B, C, D, E, F represent data observed in Jul. 2004, Sept. 2004, Nov. 2004, Jan. 2005, Mar. 2005 and May 2005, respectively

图4 季节间土壤呼吸与土壤温度(A)、空气温度(B)的关系

Fig.4 Relationship between seasonal soil respiration and soil temperature (A) and air temperature (B)

表1 昼夜日间的土壤呼吸与土壤温度、空气温度和土壤含水量的相关性

Table 1 Regression between diurnal variation of soil respiration and soil temperature, air temperature and soil water content

年-月 Year-month	土壤呼吸(y)-土壤温度(T_s)	土壤呼吸(y)-空气温度(T_a)	土壤呼吸(y)-土壤含水量(W)
2004-7	Y=12.049 $e - 0.22 T s$ R²=0.091 NS	Y=1.003 9 $e - 0.0478 T a$ R²=0.183 NS	Y=0.007 9W+0.202 R²=0.092 NS	Y=0.284 7e^{0.014 8}^W R²=0.084 NS
2004-9	Y=8E-05 $e 0.6243 T s$ R²=0.175 NS	Y=0.254 9 $e 0.0528 T a$ R²=0.191 NS	Y=0.000 4W+0.483 2 R²=0.002 NS	Y=0.461e^{0.001 5}^W R²=0.010 NS
2004-11	Y=0.738 3 $e - 0.1634 T s$ R²=0.038 NS	Y=0.291 1 $e - 0.0495 T a$ R²=0.046 NS	Y=-0.004W+ 0.374 5 R²=0.017 NS	Y=0.35e^-0.012^W R²=0.015 NS
2005-1	Y=0.124 5 $e 0.0651 T s$ R²=0.091 NS	Y=0.199 4 $e - 0.0067 T a$ R²=0.128 NS	Y=0.000 9W+0.167 3 R²=0.059 NS	Y=0.169 3e^{0.004 7}^W R²=0.051 NS
2005-3	Y=0.486 $e - 0.0598 T s$ R²=0.016 NS	Y=0.294 6 $e - 0.0081 T a$ R²=0.109 NS	Y=-0.000 2W+0.281 3 R²=0.001 NS	Y=0.282e^{-0.000 9}^W R²=0.001 NS
2005-5	Y=0.095 6 $e 0.0718 T s$ R²=0.448^*	Y=0.245 $e 0.0073 T a$ R²=0.409^*	Y=-0.001 9W+0.299 6 R²=0.067 NS	Y=0.300 5e^{-0.006 8}^W R²=0.072 NS

表1 昼夜日间的土壤呼吸与土壤温度、空气温度和土壤含水量的相关性

Table 1 Regression between diurnal variation of soil respiration and soil temperature, air temperature and soil water content

年-月 Year-month	土壤呼吸(y)-土壤温度(T_s)	土壤呼吸(y)-空气温度(T_a)	土壤呼吸(y)-土壤含水量(W)
2004-7	Y=12.049 $e - 0.22 T s$ R²=0.091 NS	Y=1.003 9 $e - 0.0478 T a$ R²=0.183 NS	Y=0.007 9W+0.202 R²=0.092 NS	Y=0.284 7e^{0.014 8}^W R²=0.084 NS
2004-9	Y=8E-05 $e 0.6243 T s$ R²=0.175 NS	Y=0.254 9 $e 0.0528 T a$ R²=0.191 NS	Y=0.000 4W+0.483 2 R²=0.002 NS	Y=0.461e^{0.001 5}^W R²=0.010 NS
2004-11	Y=0.738 3 $e - 0.1634 T s$ R²=0.038 NS	Y=0.291 1 $e - 0.0495 T a$ R²=0.046 NS	Y=-0.004W+ 0.374 5 R²=0.017 NS	Y=0.35e^-0.012^W R²=0.015 NS
2005-1	Y=0.124 5 $e 0.0651 T s$ R²=0.091 NS	Y=0.199 4 $e - 0.0067 T a$ R²=0.128 NS	Y=0.000 9W+0.167 3 R²=0.059 NS	Y=0.169 3e^{0.004 7}^W R²=0.051 NS
2005-3	Y=0.486 $e - 0.0598 T s$ R²=0.016 NS	Y=0.294 6 $e - 0.0081 T a$ R²=0.109 NS	Y=-0.000 2W+0.281 3 R²=0.001 NS	Y=0.282e^{-0.000 9}^W R²=0.001 NS
2005-5	Y=0.095 6 $e 0.0718 T s$ R²=0.448^*	Y=0.245 $e 0.0073 T a$ R²=0.409^*	Y=-0.001 9W+0.299 6 R²=0.067 NS	Y=0.300 5e^{-0.006 8}^W R²=0.072 NS

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哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林土壤呼吸季节和昼夜变化特征及影响因子比较

COMPARISONS BETWEEN SEASONAL AND DIURNAL PATTERNS OF SOIL RESPIRATION IN A MONTANE EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FOREST OF AILAO MOUNTAINS, CHINA

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